Seed yield and water use efficiency of canola (Brassica napus L.) as affected by high temperature stress and supplemental irrigation

The effects of high temperature stress and supplemental irrigation on seed yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of canola (Brassica napus L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted for 2 years. The experiment was a randomized complete block design arranged in split plot, conducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gonbad, Iran. It was arranged in two conditions, i.e. supplemental irrigation and rainfed. Two cultivars of canola (Hyola401 and RGS003) as subplots were grown at five sowing dates as main plots. The sowing dates were 9 November, 6 December, 5 January, 4 February and 6 March in 2005-2006 and 6 November, 6 December, 5 January, 4 February and 6 March in 2006-2007, to have a wide range of environmental conditions around flowering and seed filling periods, and to coincide reproductive stages of the crop with high temperature stress. Seed yield was improved due to field management practices, such as supplemental irrigation and optimum sowing date. Supplemental irrigation was an efficient practice to mitigate water stress, and to increase aboveground dry matter and seed yield. There was a strongly negative relationship between seed yield and air temperature during reproductive stages. Delay in sowing led to more rapid developmental of canola, decreased aboveground dry matter, leaf area index (LAI), harvest index (HI), WUE, and seed yield. Achieving a high aboveground dry matter was an essential prerequisite for high reproductive growth and a high seed yield. Greater seed yield and WUE at first sowing date were associated with greater LAI and aboveground dry matter, and lower temperatures during reproductive stages. The results support the view that WUE can be used as an indirect selection criterion for seed yield in genotypic selection.     

鄂北双季花生高产栽培技术初探

一年内连续两次种植花生是鄂北地区花生种植方式的一项重要改革。通过三年的试验，研究了在鄂北条件下双季连作花生栽培的良种选用、播种期、种植密度和管理措施等关键栽培技术，结果表明以早熟高产的中花４号等品种，第一季地膜覆盖于３月下旬播种，第二季在８月初露地播种并适当增加种植密度，能够获得双季花生７５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２以上的产量。     

CNMARC著录中1XX字段的著录分析

结合实例就IXX字段著录过程中容易出现混淆的代码进行分析，提高CNMARC记录中1XX字段的录入质量。     

高等植物小孢子胚胎发生的细胞和分子生化机制研究进展

小孢子胚胎发生的细胞学研究已取得了显著进展,并分离鉴定出一些小孢子胚胎发生表达的胚胎专一基因,但小孢子胚胎发生的机理尚未完全明确。综述了高等植物小孢子胚胎发生的细胞学以及分子和生物化学方面的最新研究进展,旨为进一步揭示小孢子的胚胎发生机理提供十分有用的信息。     

集约化草地生产及其机械化技术的研究

从介绍我国草地生产的现状出发，着重讨论了发展集约化草地生产的重要性与技术对策，对集约化草地生产的内容、工艺过程及机械化技术装备的需求方向也进行了初步探讨。     

大棚畦床栽培蘑菇高产的实践与体会

根据一定规模的实践，研究总结出一套成功的大棚畦床栽培蘑茹高产高效技术，具体介绍了大棚构建、畦床制作、堆料配制、适宜播期、优良品种、营养液、相对湿度、棚温和料温管理等的操作关键。文中还就适宜播期、种植方式、保湿越冬和适时补充营养液等关键技术进行了讨论。     

奶牛抗热应激中草药添加剂对小鼠热耐力的影响

试验研究奶牛抗热应激中草药添加剂对热应激小鼠机体耐力的影响。试验分A、B、C、D4个处理,每个处理20只小鼠,分别喂以不同添加剂浓度的饲料21d[A组:0.5g/(10g体重)、B组:0.25g/(10g体重)、C组:0.13g/(10g体重)、D组0g/(10g体重)],每日光暗节律各12h,自由摄食与饮水。试验结果表明,A、B组体重增加显著高于C、D组(P<0.01),A、B、C组小鼠死亡数显著少于D组(P<0.05),受热90min后,A、B、C组小鼠肛温比D组分别低0.3℃、0.3℃、0.5℃(P<0.05),说明该添加剂具有一定的提高小鼠热耐力作用。     

高效液相色谱法测定油茶肉质果、肉质叶的维生素C

用高效液相色谱法测定油茶肉质果、肉质叶维生素C的含量.采用YWG-C18(10μm,4.6mm×250mm i.d.)色谱柱,以0.02 M醋酸钠缓冲液-甲醇为流动相,在254 nm波长下检测.回收率为:94.8%～101.2%.相对标准偏差小于2%.     

配方施肥对洋葱产量与品质的影响

针对目前生产中不平衡的施肥现状及不完善的栽培技术措施,通过田间试验研究施肥量、栽培定植密度、定植时间对产量与品质的影响,结果表明:对洋葱生产具有主要影响因素的是氮肥施用量,定植密度和钾肥施用量为次主要因素,磷肥施用量是次要因素。氮肥施用量主要对产量以及可溶性糖的含量有影响,要提高这些指标,可在一定范围内增施氮肥。钾肥施用量对维生素C含量影响较大。且在一定程度上呈现出正相关。经综合平衡法分析后,得出最优的栽培措施是氮肥施用量为40kg/667m2,定植密度为15cm×15cm,钾肥施用量为80kg/667m2,磷肥施用量为60kg/667m2。采用此栽培措施,洋葱产量高,品质优。     

水稻高产攻关应注意的问题

针对生产中来自各种途径的高产攻关项目,分析了大面积高产攻关和小面积高产攻关的特点和目标任务,以及相关工作中应该注意的问题。提出了需要重新审视在大面积生产中以推广品种为核心,专门选择较好的生产条件搞高产攻关的思路问题,以及应针对各地生产中存在的问题搞高产攻关和科研与推广分工协作的新建议。