74.7%农民乐防除休闲耕地杂草试验研究

采用农民乐防除休闲地杂草,结果表明,74.7%农民乐对苣荬菜的防除适宜剂量为1 500g.hm-2;对野胡萝卜为750—1 050g.hm-2;赖草、硬枝早熟禾为2 250g.hm-2;对西伯利亚蓼、三脉紫菀、茵陈蒿为3 000g.hm-2。     

农田杂草灰飞虱的空间格局与抽样技术

通过聚集度指标法测定和*m--X回归法分析,研究了浙江地区农田杂草越冬代灰飞虱成若虫的田间分布格局与抽样技术。结果表明,灰飞虱成虫、若虫和成若虫混合种群趋向于聚集分布,聚集强度随虫口密度增加而增强,抽样数量随虫口密度增加而递减,最适理论抽样模型为n2=105.95/-X 31.2,当灰飞虱虫口密度每样方2,5,10和20头以上时,分别抽查80,50,40和30样方。以棋盘式、五点式或Z字型等取样方法较宜。     

沿江圩区农作物病虫草害演替及综合治理对策

沿江圩区主要农作物病虫草害演替呈现以下特点 :种类增加 ,不断出现新的病虫为害 ;危害期拉长 ,发生程度加重 ;突发性病虫暴发成灾 ;螟虫危害趋于复杂化等。为此制定了近期与长远期综合治理措施 ,及时有效地控制其危害     

7种除草剂对红麻田杂草的防除效果和安全性

通过对7种不同除草剂防除红麻福红991田杂草的筛选试验,结果表明,敌草胺、乙草胺、精异丙草胺等7种除草剂对红麻田杂草株防效和鲜重防效差异均不显著,对杂草株防效达到78%~98%,对杂草鲜重防效达到77%~98%。48%氟乐灵EC对福红991的安全性最好,福红991植株鲜重达到3.35 kg/m2。     

河北省谷田杂草综合防控技术研究

春播谷田杂草发生有3个峰期,夏播谷田杂草发生仅1个峰期。综合防控技术方案为：44%单嘧.扑灭WP的最佳剂量为1 800 g/hm2,播后苗前进行土壤处理;整地要平整、紧实;土壤含水量要求达到15%;药后不喷灌,或避开有中到大雨的天气用药。这样药效持续期在45 d以上,能有效控制谷田杂草危害,确保谷子安全生长。     

Effect of Different Levels of Wheat Straw Soil Surface Coverage on Weed Flora in Vicia faba Crops

The crop system implemented on organic farms requires that crop residues are incorporated into the soil following the end of wheat cultivation. This system leads to a reduction in soil moisture and the creation of favourable conditions for the emergence of weeds. In contrast, covering the soil with 60 % crop residues was found to maintain soil moisture and lead to a reduction in dry weed mass, population density and population frequency as well as a reduction in population diversity, regardless of the initial weed flora before the implementation of different soil tillage systems. Finally, an increase in the prevalence of broad‐leafed weeds was observed as the level of soil cover increased.     

Herbicidal Activity of Stylosanthes guianensis and its Phytotoxic Components

Stylosanthes guianensis is a popular pasture legume and cover crop. The legume possessed strong allelopathic potential and suppressed spontaneous growth of paddy weeds. In a bioassay, aqueous extract of S. guianensis remarkably inhibited germination and growth of barnyardgrass and monochoria. Application of 1 ton ha^?1 upland parts of S. guianensis significantly reduced paddy weed biomass by 80 % and increased rice yield by 40 % when compared with the control. Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis reveals the presence of several allelochemicals in S. guianensis including phenolic acids, coumarin and long‐chain fatty acids. Stylosanthes guianensis may be used as a source of natural herbicide for reducing the dependency on synthetic herbicides in agricultural production.     

亚麻化学除草技术应用研究

在调查出宾川县亚麻田杂草种类，分析出亚麻田杂草发生规律的基础上，研究出亚麻化学除草的药剂和配方以及相应的施用技术。3年累计示范推广亚麻化学除草5701．7hm^2，节约生产费用846．5万元，新增总产值836．1万元，新增纯收益797．1万元，科技投资收益率1：20．44，经济效益非常显著。     

登云高尔夫球场草坪建植中的主要危害杂草

１９９４年５月对登云高尔夫球场草坪建植中发生的主要杂草种类及动态分布进行调查，记录了３２种数量较大的主要杂草，其中夏季主要以禾本科及莎草杂草为害，秋季主要菊科，蓼科，藜科等阔叶杂草，空心莲子草，香附子等多年生杂草夏，秋季均为害严重，草坪床上土构成及湿度影响草坪杂草的种类分布。