基于IGS和Histone基因的我国芒果镰孢菌遗传多样性分析

[目的]研究我国芒果镰孢菌的遗传多样性。[方法]从云南、广西、海南等芒果主产区芒果花序上分离得到芒果镰孢菌,采用IGS、Histone 2个基因片段对芒果镰孢菌进行遗传多样性分析。[结果]我国芒果镰孢菌具有多个谱系,致病芒果镰孢菌为单系群。[结论]我国芒果镰孢菌具有较高的遗传多样性。     

番石榴黑斑病病原菌的分离鉴定(英文)

[目的]从送检番石榴样品上发现一种黑斑病,对病原真菌的分离鉴定,明确其分类地位及重要性。[方法]通过致病性测定、形态学观察和ITS序列分析对病菌进行了鉴定。[结果]形态学观察和ITS序列分析表明病原菌为芒果球座菌(Guignardia mangiferae)。[结论]引起番石榴黑斑病的病原菌为芒果球座菌(G.mangiferae)。此前还未有G.mangiferae引起番石榴病害的报道。     

柑桔黑斑病菌的快速识别鉴定

本研究旨在探索一种快速、可靠、准确及操作简便的柑桔黑斑病菌检测方法。采用引物JRGGc,CITRIC1-ITS4,GCP和GCF3-GCR7分别对从柠檬果实黑斑上分离纯化到的黑斑病菌进行扩增,结果表明,引物GCP的扩增特异性最好,用其与酶MightyAmp?DNA Polymerase构建检测体系对黑斑病菌的扩增有很高的灵敏度,只需0.2g病斑组织在5h之内即可进行快速鉴定。此研究为柑橘黑斑病菌的快速检测奠定了基础。     

芒果疮痂病菌生物学特性研究

 本文主要研究了温度、pH、光照、维生素对芒果疮痂病菌(Sphaceloma mangiferae Bit.&Jenk.)孢子萌发、营养生长及孢子形成的影响,在14种半固体、固体培养基上对产孢量作了比较,还对湿度和营养对孢子萌发的影响做了试验。湿病原菌分生孢子萌发的温度范围为12℃~37℃,最适28℃;pH值范围为3~9,最佳pH 5;以自由水或饱和湿度条件下萌发率最高;连续黑光灯光照促进萌发;1%的葡萄糖液在28℃或33℃下明显增加了萌发率。该菌营养生长的温度范围为4℃~37℃,22℃~33℃生长良好,最适为28℃,与Bitancourt的报道基本相似;pH值范围为2~11,最佳为pH 5;黑光灯连续光照有利生长,VB₂、VB₆及V A对生长均有促进作用,在试验的培养基中PDA是生长最好的。该菌孢子形成的温度范围为12℃~33℃,最适温度为28℃;pH值范围为5~9,最佳为pH 7;光暗12 h交替处理比连续光照更利于产孢;VB₁及VA可促进产孢,但只有VA (50μg/L)既促进生长,又促进产孢;所试验的培养基中以PDA₊牛肉浸膏及PDA的产孢量最多,胡萝卜块是固体培养基中较理想的。     

Integrated Control of Powdery Mildew on Field-grown Mango Trees by Foliar Sprays of Mono-potassium Phosphate Fertilizer, Sterol Inhibitor Fungicides and the Strobilurin Kresoxym-methyl

Foliar sprays of solutions of di-potassium hydrogen orthophosphate, K2HPO4 (DKP) and potassium di-hydrogen orthophosphate, KH2PO4 (MKP), commercial systemic fungicides, and an alternating treatment with phosphate fertilizer and systemic fungicides inhibited development of the powdery mildew fungus, Oidium mangiferae, on flowers and bloom clusters of field-grown mango trees. The effectiveness of the alternation treatments with an appropriate systemic fungicide and 1% solution of mono-potassium phosphate (MKP) in controlling powdery mildew on bloom clusters was similar to that of the commercial treatment with the systemic fungicides. However, application of the systemic fungicides alone, on the same dates on which they were applied in the alternation treatment, without application of the phosphate treatment was significantly less effective in controlling the disease than either the phosphate or the alternation treatment. This indicates that the use of phosphate fertilizer has a significant role in disease control and that it can reduce the number of fungicide treatments necessary against powdery mildew by up to 50%. These results were confirmed in large-scale demonstration trials conducted in commercial orchards in 1994 and 1995. Our 1997 findings also revealed that tank-mix treatments of 1% MKP solution with half the recommended quantity of sterol inhibitor fungicide applied at 14-day intervals provided a protection against powdery mildew comparable with or superior to that given by the standard fungicides-based treatment applied at 7-day intervals. Tank-mix treatments of MKP (1%) with sterol inhibitor at the recommended rate or with the new strobilurin Kresoxym-methyl (BAS 490F, strobi), or the BAS 490F alone, were the most effective, and provided >95% protection against O. mangiferae, compared with the control. Phosphate solutions were found not to be phytotoxic to plant tissue. These treatments affected the yield of mango trees: a significantly lower yield was observed on control untreated trees, probably because of powdery mildew infection on flowers. The inhibitory effectiveness of phosphate salts makes them a potential major component of an integrated pest management program.     

Monitoring of Ambrosia Bark Beetle Through Installation of Sticky Color Traps at Different Heights in Mango Trees

ABSTRACT

The present research investigations were carried out on monitoring the population of bark beetle, Hypocryphalus mangiferae(Stebbing) on mango trees through installation of sticky color traps at different heights of mango tree. The results revealed that maximum monthly mean number of adult beetles (507.91) was recorded on green plastic traps followed by 261.75 beetles on black traps, 215.75 beetles on white traps, 109.83 beetles on red traps, 83.75 beetles on blue traps, and 77.75 beetles on yellow traps. With regards to number of bark beetles on color traps at different heights, the maximum monthly mean number of the beetles (429.83) was recorded at height of 1 above ground level followed by 416.00 beetles at 3′level, 334.08 beetles at 6′and 76.83 beetles at 9′level. The results further revealed that the bark beetle population remained higher from February 2006 to June 2006. The mean temperature for that period ranged between 23.12 to 33.46°C with 48.57 to 76.00% RH.     

番石榴黑斑病病原菌的分离鉴定

[目的]从送检番石榴样品上发现一种黑斑病,对病原真菌进行分离鉴定,以明确其分类地位及重要性。[方法]通过致病性测定、形态学观察和ITS序列分析对病菌进行了鉴定。[结果]形态学观察和ITS序列分析表明,病原菌为芒果球座菌（Guignardia mangiferae）。[结论]引起番石榴黑斑病的病原菌为芒果球座菌（G.mangiferae）。此前还未有G.mangiferae引起番石榴病害的报道。     

一种新的香蕉黑斑病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究

 在广西香蕉种植区发现一种引起香蕉黑斑病的新病原。通过对病原菌分离培养、致病性测定、形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定及对该病原菌生物学特性进行初步研究,表明引起该病害的病原菌为芒果球座菌(Guignardia mangiferae A.J. Roy)。该病原菌菌落为深橄榄色,产生棒状子囊、梭形子囊孢子及倒梨形分生孢子;其最适生长温度为28℃,最适pH 值为6;病原菌生长较好的碳源为果糖和阿拉伯糖,氮源为蛋白胨和酵母膏;在全光条件下,病原菌菌丝扩展速度最快;菌丝的致死温度为54℃。由G. mangiferae引起的香蕉黑斑病,在国内外为首次报道。     

葡萄黑痘病病原菌生长特性研究

[目的]探索葡萄黑痘病病原菌在不同培养条件下的生长情况,优化其培养条件,以缩短培养该菌纯培养物的周期,提高培养效率.[方法]通过常规培养手段,从患黑痘病黑巴拉多病叶上分离葡萄黑痘病病原菌,PCR扩增该菌ITS片段,经测序后在NCBI比较该片段序列.用同一规格培养皿培养病原菌,每隔7d观察并统计该病原菌在4种不同培养基组分、5个不同温度梯度、4个不同蔗糖浓度梯度、4种光照时间、5个不同pH条件下共计21 d的生长情况.[结果]分离到病原菌并扩增获得其ITS片段,经比对,该片段序列与NCBI已公布葡萄痂囊腔菌序列AY826763的相似度达99.9%,证实所分离病原菌为葡萄痂囊腔菌(Elsinoe ampelina).葡萄痂囊腔菌的生长最适培养基为PSA,其次是YEB;最适培养温度为25℃、最适蔗糖浓度为4.5 g/L、最适pH为8,在最适培养温度、蔗糖浓度和pH下病原菌的生长速度分别为0.07、0.03和0.01 cm/d;光照时间对葡萄痂囊腔菌生长影响不明显.[结论]葡萄痂圆孢菌生长受环境条件影响,通过培养条件优化能显著加快其生长速度,提高培养效率.     

广东省甘薯疮痂病病原菌鉴定及国内主要菜用甘薯种质抗性评价

为明确广东省甘薯疮痂病病原菌种类及当前国内主要菜用甘薯种质对疮痂病的抗性,结合形态学特征和rDNA-ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定,并通过病圃诱发结合人工喷雾接种法对来自9个省区30个菜用甘薯种质进行连续2年的抗性鉴定.结果 显示,共获得15株形态学特征及培养性状相似的菌株,其中代表菌株CRI-CJ的形态学特征与甘薯痂...