牛日本血吸虫病5种血清学诊断技术比较

为找寻特异性强、敏感性高,且操作简便、费用低廉,并能大规模应用于临床的日本血吸虫病血清学诊断方法,以疫区黄牛为研究对象,应用环卵沉淀试验(COPT)、血清法间接血凝试验(sIHA)和血纸法间接血凝试验(bpIHA)、胶乳凝集试验(PAPS)、三联斑点酶联免疫吸附试验(三联Dot-ELISA)5种血清学诊断方法与粪检方法检测牛日本血吸虫病,并对5种血清学检测结果进行评价.检测分析结果表明,用血清学方法COPT,sIHA,三联Dot-ELISA对疫区黄牛进行血吸虫病检测,与三粪九检结果符合率高,具有灵敏度高、特异性好、简捷方便、费用低等特点,特别适用于疫区家畜血吸虫病的诊断、普查,是比较理想的现场检测方法,值得推广.血清学方法bpIHA和PAPS检测血吸虫病,尽管方法简便、费用低廉,但其灵敏度、特异性与三粪九检结果符合率低于血清学方法COPT,sIHA,三联Dot-ELISA,易造成漏检,假阳性,故在普查时,不建议采用.     

豫西地区杓兰属、手参属、斑叶兰属野生花卉资源种类记述

就兰科杓兰属3种、手参属1种、斑叶兰属1种野生花卉的分类地位、植物学特征、生态学习性、利用途径进行了简要记述。     

连香树离体快繁初步研究

 连香树为我国珍稀濒危树种, 具有较高的经济价值和观赏价值。本文研究了3年生连香树(Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. et Zucc. ) 带芽茎段的离体培养。筛选出最佳培养基: (1) 腋芽诱导培养基: MS +NAA 0.01 mg·L ^{- 1} ; (2) 丛生芽诱导培养基: MS +BA 1.0 mg·L ^{- 1} ; (3) 丛生芽增殖培养基:MS +BA 2.0 mg·L ^{- 1} + 2,4-D 0.01 mg·L ^{- 1} ; (4) 生根培养基: 1 /2MS + IBA 1.0 mg·L ^{- 1}。     

Cloning and characterization of a NADP+-malic enzyme gene from Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110

Malic enzymes have been considered to play a key role in energy metabolism for nitrogenase reaction in bacteroids. To elucidate the physiological role of the malic enzymes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum bacteroids, a putative malic enzyme gene Bjtme1 was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using degenerated primers from conserved regions of the protein sequences of bacterial malic enzymes and draft sequence data of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 genome sequence project. To confirm the characteristics of the Bjtme1 gene, the protein encoded by this gene was over-expressed using a pET32a(+) system and it exhibited a NADP⁺-malic enzyme (EC 1.1.1.40) activity, indicating that Bjtme1 was the gene of the NADP⁺-malic enzyme. This is the first report on the cloning and characterization of the NADP⁺-malic enzyme gene from B. japonicum, and the gene structure was compared with that of NADP⁺-malic enzyme genes of other rhizobia.     

Soybean preference for Bradyrhizobium japonicum for nodulation

For examining the probability of increase in the occupation ratio of inoculated rhizobium in nodules, various Rj-soybean cultivars including the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-lines of soybean were grown in a field of the Kyushu University Farm. Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 that carries uptake hydrogenase (Hup⁺) was used as an inoculum. The relative efficiency of nitrogen fixation generally increased by the inoculation. However, there were no significant differences in the effects among the genotypes of the host plants. The occupation ratio of serogroup USDA110 in the nodules on the taproot of the inoculated plants was in the range of 77–100%, suggesting that the B. japonicum strain USDA110 infected taproots immediately after inoculation. The occupation ratios in the nodules on the lateral roots were 53–67, 40–86, 63–83, and 62–77% in inoculated plants of the non-Rj-, Rj ₂ Rj ₃-, Rj ₄-, and Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-genotypes, respectively, and they decreased in all the genotypes with the progression of growth. At the time of the first sampling, the occupation ratios on the lateral roots of these Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-genotypes showed values intermediate between those of IAC-2 (Rj ₂ Rj ₃) and Hill (Rj ₄) , which were the parent cultivars of the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-lines, B340, B349, and C242. The reduction in the occupation ratio of the serogroup USDA110 for about 1 month after the first sampling was the lowest (0.13–0.16) in the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-genotypes, excluding B349, followed by the non-Rj- and Rj ₂ Rj ₃-genotypes and highest (0.52–0.69) in the Rj ₄-genotypes, excluding Hill. Therefore, it was considered that the population of compatible rhizobia with host soybean plants increased in the rhizosphere with the progression of the development and growth. The results showed that with the expansion of the root area of host plants, the occupation ratio of type A rhizobia including the serogroup USDA110 was high. Therefore, the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-genotypes were superior to other Rj-genotypes in terms of the inoculation effects of nodulation type A rhizobium, B. japonicum USDA110. However, the preference of the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄-genotype for serogroup USDA110 is not sufficient to rule out the competition with the other serogroups in this study. Therefore, the study should be centered on the isolation of more efficient (Hup⁺) and highly compatible rhizobial strains with the Rj ₂ Rj ₃ Rj ₄- genotypes.     

Soil aggregate as a favorable habitat for Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains

Abstract

Rhizobial cells are present in soils as saprophytes after the decay of host plant nodules, and must survive in the soil until the next encounter with the infection sites of the host plant root. Biotic and abiotic environmental factors affect the population size of these rhizobia in the soil (Vincent 1977). Precise estimation of the population size of the native and the introduced rhizobia in the soil is necessary to study the conditions for the successful nodule formation by introduced strains.     

Application of the first-order reaction (for) model to modulation by Bradyrhizobium japonicum in the modulation-dilution frequency method and estimation of time of initiation of nodulation

Abstract

Hattori (1985) proposed a model to simulate the relation between the number of bacterial colonies on agar plates and the incubation time, using the following equation:

where N(t) is the number of colonies observed at time t, and N_∞ λ, and t _r are parameters expressing the expected number of colonies observed at an infinite time, the rate of increase in the number of colonies, and the time of initiation of colony formation, respectively. This model is called the first-order reaction (FOR) model because the Eq. 1 is essentially the same as that of the first-order reaction.     

稻螟赤眼蜂实时荧光定量PCR内参基因的筛选

为了筛选适合稻螟赤眼蜂试验使用的内参基因,本试验根据转录组测序结果挑选了十个稻螟赤眼蜂候选内参基因（包括PABPC1L、ACTR2、ARPC2、EF1a、EEF1D、SFRS7、HSP70、CSNK1a1、GAPDH和TMEM209）,分别检测了其在包括温度、取食、农药刺激等不同条件下,以及在稻螟赤眼蜂不同的发育历期的表达情况。利用RefFinder分析软件对Delta CT、BestKeeper、NormFinder、GeNorm四种软件分析基因表达稳定性的结果进行综合排序。结果表明,不同温度、取食、农药刺激和不同发育历期处理,表达相对稳定的内参基因分别为EF1a、EEF1D;SFRS7、ARPC2;PABPC1L、TMEM209;PABPC1L、ARPC2。本研究结果为在不同条件下选择稻螟赤眼蜂内参基因提供了参考,也有利于在稻螟赤眼蜂的基因表达研究中取得更为可靠、准确的数据。     

CO-INOCULATION OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX) WITH ACTINOMYCETES AND BRADYRHIZOBIUM JAPONICUM ENHANCES PLANT GROWTH,NITROGENASE ACTIVITY AND PLANT NUTRITION

The aim of this study was to determine the potential of the endophytic actinomycetes that produce plant growth promoters used as co-inoculants with Bradyrhizobium japonicum to promote the growth of soybean. These endophytes exhibited the potential to enhance plant growth, nitrogenase activity of root nodules and plant nutrient uptake. Co-inoculum of B. japonicum with Nocardia alba conferred the maximum yield of root and shoot dry weight. All single-inoculated actinomycetes strains had the ability to enhance plant growth. Noc. alba and Nonomuraea rubra increased total plant dry weight up to 2.14-fold and 2.11-fold, respectively, when compared to the uninoculated controls. Co-inoculations of B. japonicum with each of Noc. alba, Non. Rubra, and Actinomadura glauciflava increased acetylene reduction activity up to 1.7 to 2.7-fold. For plant mineral composition, all of co-inoculation treatments significantly increased the nutrient levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) within a soybean plant.     

Bt伴胞晶体毒素对小鼠体内不同时期日本血吸虫的作用

血吸虫病是世界上最重要的人畜共患寄生虫病之一,当今世界上仍有74个国家6亿多人口在血吸虫的威胁之中,这些国家分布在亚洲、非洲、南美洲。据世界卫生组织估计,全世界现有2亿人口感染了一种或一种以上血吸虫。每年死于血吸虫病的人数超过10万,造成巨大的社会经济损失。我国仍有7省119个县的血吸虫病未得到有效的控制,