日粮蛋白质水平对松辽黑仔猪生长性能的影响

选用80±3日龄、体重为22.7±1.1kg的松辽黑仔猪27头,随机分为3个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复3头仔猪。通过测量日增重、日采食量、料肉比、腹泻程度及日粮蛋白质消化率,分析日粮蛋白质水平对松辽黑仔猪生长性能的影响。实验表明,在日采食量方面3组日粮无显著差异。日增重方面,1周和2周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组日粮无显著差异。料肉比方面,1周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组饲料的料肉比无显著差异。腹泻方面,17.7%组和14.7%组的腹泻情况优于对照组。蛋白质消化率方面,1d、2周、3周时对照组与实验组有差异,在整个实验期3组日粮差异不显著。实验表明,当日粮蛋白含量为17.7%时松辽黑仔猪有较低的腹泻率和较好的生长性能及蛋白质消化率,并能较好的体现松辽黑猪的种质特性。     

黑杨派南方型无性系引种及选择的研究

对黑杨派南方型８个无性系的引种试验进行了总结。主要考察了高，径，材积冠幅和抗病能力，应用方差分析和系统聚类分析，将参试无性系划为３个等级，确定了适宜江西省江，湖冲积滩地推广的优良无性系，处于第１级的Ｓ１－８和７２５，其材积生长量分别比１－７２杨提高３２．６％和３０．２％，且有较好的抗病性能，处于第２级的５０、７１０、５５／５６和Ｓ１－６，它们的材积生长量比Ｉ－７２杨提高１７．６％￣２１．７％。     

家蚕黑尾病及其防治方法研究

家蚕黑尾病主要是由曲霉菌在蚕尾部寄生引起的一种真菌病 ,从病蚕中分离到病原菌有两种 ,一种孢子表面棘多而长、黄褐色 ,孢子大 ,直径 4～ 6 μm ;一种孢子表面棘短而少、蓝绿色 ,孢子小 ,直径 2～ 3μm。黑尾病在高温多湿条件下多发 ,多发生于 4龄中期至 5龄中期。黑尾病病原菌侵染寄生家蚕的过程是 :病原菌分生孢子附着在蚕尾部背板与节间的三角形节间膜处 ,分生孢子发芽侵入蚕体产生黑色小病斑 ,随病情加重病斑加大 ,甚至在病斑处出现节间断裂 ,直至形成黑尾症状。使用药剂防治黑尾病以 5 %亚迪蚕保最佳     

室外型中密度纤维板用黑荆树单宁胶粘剂的研制

采用亚硫酸钠和三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛预缩液对黑荆树单宁胶粘剂进行改性处理,制备具有良好的耐水性能和胶合性能的单宁胶粘剂。通过小试说明该胶粘剂在压制室外型中密度纤维板的可行性。     

Histochemical properties of skeletal muscles in Japanese cattle and their meat production ability

The compositional characteristics of the three basic types of myofiber, namely type I (slow‐twitch oxidative), type IIA (fast‐twitch oxidative glycolytic) and type IIB (fast‐twitch glycolytic), are clarified in the skeletal muscles of Japanese Black cattle. The myofiber composition, which is characteristic of the muscles of Japanese Black cattle, markedly changes during their growth, when some type IIA myofibers are transformed into type I or IIB, depending on the different muscles. Independent of these changes with growth, inter‐ and intramuscular variations of myofiber type distribution is evident. The small extensor muscles in deep regions around bone contain a lot of type I myofibers, whereas the large muscles at surface regions have many type II myofibers. Japanese Black cattle have typical white muscles such as the Longissimus thoracis and Semitendinosus, containing half the myofibers as red (type I + IIA). The muscles of Japanese Black cattle show a tendency to contain a higher percentage of type I myofibers than other breeds over an intrabreed variation of the myofiber type composition. In the big muscles such as the Longissimus thoracis and Biceps femoris, a great diversity of myofiber type composition is observed among the different regions. When fattened, heifers produce Longissimus thoracis and Biceps femoris muscles of smaller weight than steers, but in heifers the myofiber size in each type is rather larger. In the Psoas major, Vastus lateralis and Serratus ventralis muscles, heifers contain a higher frequency of red (type I + IIA) myofibers with no differences in myofiber size. Among the several muscles of fattened Japanese Black steers, the percentage distribution of type I myofibers has a positive correlation with the percentage amount of intramuscular fat. From these results, the high potential of Japanese Black cattle to produce marbled beef could be based on the histochemical properties of myofibers in their skeletal muscles.     

络合滴定黑荆栲胶中单宁含量的新方法

利用单宁分子结构中酚羟基能与Ｐｂ＾２＋络合的原理，以Ｋ２ＣｒＯ４为指示剂，ＰＡＭ作终点增敏剂，用Ｐｂ＾２＋标准溶液络合滴定黑荆栲胶中单宁的新方法。该法比皮粉法快速、准确。     

Gene dropping analysis of founder contributions in a closed Japanese black cattle population

Gene dropping simulation was applied to Japanese Black cattle population in Hyogo prefecture, to examine the survivals of alleles originated from founder animals. In the analysis, unique alleles were assigned to founders, and the genotypes of all descendants along the actual pedigree were generated through Monte Carlo simulation following Mendelian segregation rules. By replicating this process 10 000 times, the distribution of frequencies of alleles from each founder was estimated. From the distribution, several quantities useful for the management of genetic diversity, such as the probability of allele extinction and the probability of alleles surviving at a critically low frequency were derived. The materials used were 68 781 animals born in 1955–1998 and their pedigree records traced back to the population in 1937 or before. The expected number of alleles retained in the population drastically decreased during the analyzed period, and reached to 57.9 in the population of 1998, which was only 3.3% of the total number of alleles assigned to founders. Detailed analysis of major founders with relatively high genetic contributions to the current population revealed that alleles from most of the major founders are now at high risk of future extinction. These results strongly suggest that for the management of genetic diversity, the genetic contributions of founders are not fully informative, and emphasize the importance of the detection of live animals having founder alleles with high extinction possibilities.     

不同水平小肽制剂对黑凤鸡生产性能及其血清生化指标的影响

选取 190日龄的产蛋黑凤鸡 135只 ,随机分成 5组。对照组饲喂基础日粮 ,其余 4组分别以 0 .5 %和 0 .3%的小肽制剂添加量替代基础日粮中 30 %或 5 0 %的鱼粉量。结果表明 ,添加量为 0 .5 %的小肽制剂替代基础日粮中 30 %的鱼粉量的试验 1组黑凤鸡的采食量、产蛋性能蛋的品质、饲料利用率均较高 ;小肽添加量为 0 .5 %的试验 1组和 2组黑凤鸡血清BUN水平分别比对照组低 33.33% (P >0 .0 5 )和 7.84 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,TP含量比对照组分别高 14 .2 4 % (P <0 .0 5 )和 5 .2 2 % (P >0 .0 5 ) ,有利于提高黑凤鸡的生产性能和机体合成蛋白质的能力     

乌鸡、火鸡实验性组织滴虫病病理学比较

以组织滴虫病疫区鸡异刺线虫虫卵实验诱发火鸡、乌鸡组织滴虫病，分别在潜伏期、症状明显期、转归期对盲肠、肝脏等组织器官进行病理学比较观察，结果显示：盲肠卡他（乌鸡13/20；火鸡8/29）和纤维素性坏死（火鸡19/27，乌鸡7/20）。肝脏脂肪变性（火鸡8/27；乌鸡11/20）及局灶性坏死（火鸡19/27；乌鸡4/20）。此外，火鸡肝脏与盲肠见典型传染性肉芽肿。     

利用EST同工酶谱鉴定黑稻品种纯度的研究

采用改进的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对5种黑稻主要栽培品种进行了EST同工酶谱分析.结果表明,此方法分辨率高.测试各品种的EST同工酶存在丰富的多态性,其电泳图谱具有鲜明的特征,并构成了各自的＂指纹＂.其中黑优粘和云黑酶谱条带数多达15条,a1和a3为5个品种的共有谱带.通过EST同工酶谱相似度指数分析,黑优粘与黑丰糯、乌贡1号相似度指数大于0.75,说明这3个品种间亲缘关系较近.