有机酸对长梅断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响

[目的]研究有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。[方法]随机选取35日龄断奶的健康长梅仔猪（长白公猪×小梅山母猪）36头,平均分成3组,每组12头,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮＋0.5%柠檬酸、基础日粮＋1.0%柠檬酸,并在试验初期和末期进行采血和称重,分析有机酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。[结果]日粮中添加柠檬酸能显著促进仔猪的生长发育,其中添加1.0%的柠檬酸日粮的促生长效果最显著（P〈0.01）;同时能显著降低血清生化指标谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和尿酸水平,提高总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白水平。[结论]柠檬酸能促进断奶仔猪的生长发育,并可有效减轻仔猪断奶应激。     

血液指标在鱼类学研究中的应用

血液是动物体内的一种重要组织,与机体的代谢、营养状况及疾病有着密切的关系。通过分析鱼类血液生理指标和生化指标,对血液指标在鱼类中的研究进行综述。     

美洲鲥应激反应机理的研究

将美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)1龄幼鱼捕捞后放入较小容器中,研究了美洲鲥出现应激反应后血液生理生化指标和血清中皮质醇激素的变化,探讨了应激机理.结果表明:与深度麻醉的对照相比,美洲鲥应激后血液中红细胞数目、血红蛋白含量极显著降低(P<0.01),血细胞比容显著降低(P<0.05),红细胞沉降率、红细胞渗透脆性极显著增加(P<0.01);血清皮质醇含量迅速增加到对照组的48倍左右;应激后总蛋白、球蛋白含量均极显著降低(P<0.01),白蛋白显著降低(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、胆碱酯酶极显著增加(P<0.01),谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酶、血糖、甘油三酯显著增加(P<0.05),血清中肌酸和尿素氮无显著变化(P>0.05).血液生理生化指标明显变化表明,美洲鲥应激后皮质醇含量迅速增加,引起机体血液中血糖和乳酸脱氢酶的增加,导致了机体缺氧,出现了应激性急性出血.     

斜带髭鲷血液生理和生化指标的研究

［目的］ 丰富斜带髭鲷血液生理生化指标的数据库。[方法］以60尾斜带髭鲷成鱼为材料,运用常规血液指标和血细胞涂片方法,测定了血液生理、生化指标。［结果］斜带髭鲷成鱼血液中,红细胞和白细胞数量分别为（215.25±14.33）万和（1.87±0.43）万个/mm^3;血红蛋白含量为（62.30±7.50）g/L;红细胞压积为（23.3±1.01）%;红细胞沉降率为（0.58±0.21） mm/h。血涂片经显微镜观察显示可以明显分出血红细胞、淋巴细胞、单核细胞、血栓细胞、嗜中性粒细胞。血液中的血清总蛋白、白蛋白和肌酐浓度分别为（32.13±8.61）、（26.46±2.75）和（16.15±3.86）μmol/L;乳酸脱氢酶活性为（1 446.30±523.58）IU/L;磷酸脱氢酶活性为（30.33±13.92）IU/L;甘油三酯为（1.80±0.46）mmol/L;总胆固醇为（2.68±0.51）mmol/L;Ca^2＋、Na^＋、Cl^-和K^＋浓度分别为（1.31±0.22）、（191.74±5.27）、（154.14±8.51）和（2.11±0.58） mmol/L。［结论］该试验为斜带髭鲷鱼的基础生物学研究提供血液学基础资料。     

Variation in Selenium Tolerance,Accumulation, and Growth Parameters of Different Wheat Cultivars

In a greenhouse experiment, wheat cultivars PDW 291, PBW 550, and TL 2908 were grown in alkaline sandy-loam soil treated with sodium selenate at 0, 2, and 4 mg selenium (Se) kg^?1 soil. Selenate-treated wheat plants accumulated greater Se in roots, stems, leaves, and grains and showed growth retardation, snow-white chlorosis, decreased shoot length and chlorophyll, and reduced leaf area and produced less number of grains as compared to control plants. Maximum reduction in these parameters was observed in selenate-treated TL 2908 plants and most of the plants died before maturity with almost no grain formation with 4 mg Se kg^?1 soil. Selenium accumulation resulted in decreased reducing sugar, starch, and protein contents in grains whereas total free amino acids increased significantly in all the three cultivars. Selenium accumulation in wheat showed metabolic disturbances and its accumulation in grains was beyond toxic levels, thus making it unfit for consumption.     

家蚕品种18项血液生化指标比较研究

首次测定并比较了家蚕现行品种菁松与皓月5龄老熟幼虫的18项血液生化措标。发现钙、球蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶等9项指标在两者间无显著差异;谷丙转氨酶等3项指标,中系的菁松显著高于日系的皓月;其余的尿素氮、尿酸、总蛋白等6项则是日系的皓月显著高于中系的菁松。对上述差异的生理生化及育种学意义进行了讨论。     

萝卜胞质大白菜雄性不育系的生化分析

对７改良型萝卜胞质大白菜雄性不育系及其保持系的游离氨基酸、糖、激素和叶绿素含量进行了比较研究。结果表明,雄性不育系和保持系中苏氨酸和脯按酸含量各占游离氨基酸总量的约５０％。全部保持系的脯氨酸含量高于不育系７￣１４倍。首次发现不育系的苏氨酸含量都高于保持系２．８￣４倍,不育系天门冬氨酸含量都低于保持系。全部不育系花药的葡萄糖和果糖含量均低于相应保持系２６％￣８８％。所有不育系花药的６－ＢＡ含量都低于     

Impact of variation in length of individual testing periods on estimation of (co)variance components of a random regression model for feed intake of growing pigs

A simulation study was conducted to assess the influence of differences in the length of individual testing periods on estimates of (co)variance components of a random regression model for daily feed intake of growing pigs performance tested between 30 and 100 kg live weight. A quadratic polynomial in days on test with fixed regressions for sex, random regressions for additive genetic and permanent environmental effects and a constant residual variance was used for a bivariate simulation of feed intake and daily gain. (Co)variance components were estimated for feed intake only by means of a Bayesian analysis using Gibbs sampling and restricted maximum likelihood (REML). A single trait random regression model analogous to the one used for data simulation was used to analyse two versions of the data: full data sets with 18 weekly means of feed intake per animal and reduced data sets with the individual length of testing periods determined when tested animals reached 100 kg live weight. Only one significant difference between estimates from full and reduced data (REML estimate of genetic covariance between linear and quadratic regression parameters) and two significant differences from expected values (Gibbs estimates of permanent environmental variance of quadratic regression parameters) occurred. These differences are believed to be negligible, as the number lies within the expected range of type I error when testing at the 5% level. The course of test day variances calculated from estimates of additive genetic and permanent environmental covariance matrices also supports the conclusion that no bias in estimates of (co)variance components occurs due to the individual length of testing periods of performance‐tested growing pigs. A lower number of records per tested animal only results in more variation among estimates of (co)variance components from reduced compared with full data sets. Compared with the full data, the effective sample size of Gibbs samples from the reduced data decreased to 18% for residual variance and increased up to five times for other (co)variances. The data structure seems to influence the mixing of Gibbs chains.     

高碘日粮对蛋鸡生产性能,体内代谢和蛋品质的影响

日粮加碘６５ｐｐｍ饲喂蛋鸡，破壳率减少（Ｐ＜０．０５），饲料消耗降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），采食量、产蛋量和蛋重无明显影响（Ｐ＜０．０５），肝中ＧＯＴ和ＧＰＴ酶活性显著上升（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＡＫＰ明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清中ＡＫＰ明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ提高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），而肝中ＣＤＨ和ＣＫ，血清中ＬＤＨ，ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ和ＣＫ无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ提高显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），     

生化多态性在畜禽育种中应用的研究

本文对３４１头猪和１０８头鸡的血清血红素结合蛋白（ＨＰ），转铁蛋白（Ｔｆ），淀粉酶（Ａｍ），进行淀粉胶电泳测定；对不同品种猪和鸡的生产性能作观察。通过生化指标和生产性能的相关分析，发现两者之间确有一定的关系。长福母猪ＨＰ与初生窝重，红布罗肉鸡Ｔｆ与２个月龄体重之间的方差分析结果Ｆ值均大于０．０５。