温度对肉鸡生长的影响

<正>随着畜牧业经济的发展,现代化的养殖设备在养殖业中发挥着重要作用。以饲养肉鸡为例,现代化的养殖设备和养殖环境更方便人们管理,人为控制温度对于肉鸡生长的影响十分重要。一般认为,肉鸡生长的适宜温度是15~21℃,本文将从高于适宜温度、适宜温度和低于适宜温度三个方面对肉鸡生长的影响进行阐述。1控制变量的对比试验在一个养殖肉鸡的厂房内,将所有肉鸡平均分为3部分隔离开来,保持食物数量和水的供给等条     

5株水貂阿留申病毒的分离与鉴定

为给水貂阿留申病疫苗的研制奠定基础,对疑似感染阿留申病死亡的水貂内脏处理后,接种猫肾传代细胞（CRFK）分离病毒,并对分离的毒株进行PCR鉴定及动物回归试验。与此同时,首次应用免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞实验（IPMA）对所分离的水貂阿留申病毒进行TCID50的测定。结果成功分离并鉴定出5株水貂阿留申病毒株,分别命名为ADV-DL124、ADV-DL125、ADV-ZJ3、ADV-QD2、ADV-QD3,各分离株的TCID50分别为105.7TCID50/ml、105.0TCID50/ml、104.6 TCID50/mL、105.2 TCID50/mL、104.1 TCID50/mL。动物回归实验显示,所分离的病毒对水貂具有致病性,为水貂阿留申病毒强毒株。     

禽流感灭活油乳剂疫苗的交叉保护作用

<正>禽流感(AI)是A型流感病毒(AIV)引起的禽类全身性或呼吸器官性传染病,主要侵害鸡、火鸡、鸭和鹅等。我国《家畜家禽防疫条例》和国际兽疫局动物流行病组织(OIE)规定该病为A类烈性传染病。该病的毒型众多、变异性极强、低致病性毒株能在短期内变成高致病性毒株(HPAIV),从而给养禽业带来毁灭性打击。根据禽流感病毒血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)抗原性的变异情况,可以把它区分成很多亚型,目前已分离鉴定的AIV分为16     

酶抑制速测仪检测桑叶农药残留的前处理方法优化

酶抑制法速测是检测农产品中有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的简便、快捷方法。采用CL-BⅢ残留农药测定仪,考察不同桑叶样本对检测抑制率的影响。结果表明:桑叶样本碎小、浸提过程中振荡处理都会提高抑制率,造成检测结果的假阳性;嫩叶的抑制率明显低于成熟桑叶;强桑1号和农桑14号2个桑品种的抑制率接近。据此,提出了应用酶抑制速测仪的桑叶前处理方法,用该方法检测无毒桑叶建立校准曲线,导入CL-BⅢ残留农药测定仪标准对照库,便于用户检测桑叶时参照,提高检测结果的可靠性。     

6种酶联免疫试剂盒在饲料呕吐毒素检测中的准确性评价

为评估市售各品牌霉菌毒素酶联免疫检测试剂盒在饲料及其原料呕吐毒素检测中的准确性,特选购市售6种品牌试剂盒进行验证,并选定其中一种试剂盒与高效液相色谱法检测结果进行比较。试验结果表明,市售6种品牌试剂盒检测结果存在极大差异;与高效液相色谱法相比,试剂盒检测结果偏高,且相对平均偏差最高为48.4%。因此,选择市售酶联免疫试剂盒进行呕吐毒素含量检测使用前,有必要进行准确性验证,以保证检测结果的准确性,降低饲料安全评估风险,且ELISA检测结果显示为阳性的样品,需结合高效液相色谱法进一步确认,以防误判。     

回望驼城(长篇文化散文连载二)

7阿拉坦汗与驼道起源有着重要的关联。其实在茶叶之路正式开通之前,地处蒙古草原北部的喀尔喀四部就一直没有停止过与中原的贸易。与此同时抑或是更早的时候,漠北喀尔喀蒙古诸部每年都会派遣贡使率领人数众多的商队,前往张家口、北京进行贸易。顺治八年(1651年),喀尔喀土谢图汗部一次派遣贡使率领的商队人数就达到984人之多。这些商队一般都是由有地位的蒙古贵族带领,就是说蒙古贵族本身就是商人。     

草酸诱导紫花苜蓿对霜霉病的抗性

为确定外源草酸(OA)对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)抗霜霉病(Peronospora aestivalis)的诱导作用,本研究采用喷雾法将10、20、30、40 mmol·L-1的草酸喷洒在十叶期紫花苜蓿幼苗上,喷雾后7 d测定苜蓿霜霉病苗期病情指数,并分别于喷雾后1、3、5、7和9 d测定叶片过氧化物酶(POD)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果表明,喷雾10~40 mmol·L-1草酸溶液均可降低苜蓿霜霉病的病情指数,且随着草酸浓度升高,病情指数由31.1%下降到19.6%,下降了11.5百分点,相对诱导抗病效果呈上升趋势,最高诱抗效果达到50.8%,苜蓿叶片中POD、PAL和SOD的活性增强。     

Effects of Intragastric Lycopene on Oxidative Stress of Blood after Exercise SD Rats

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of intragastric lycopene on oxidative stress blood after exercise SD rats.Thirty two SD rats with similar weight(233.40 g±6.21 g) and good health for SPF were randomized into one control groups and three trial groups with 8 rats per group.The control group was gastric fed with edible oil,the trial Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ groups were gastric fed with edible oil intragastric with 10,20,40 mg/(kg·BW) lycopene,respectively.The pre-experiment period lasted for 10 d,and the experiment period lasted for 42 d.Swimming train six days a week and train six weeks,then that blood were collection for determination of oxidative stress after swimming train 11 hours SD rats.The results showed that lycopene concentration of plasma was increased at first and decreased subsequently,after 4 h lycopene concentration of plasma in SD rat was peak.With the increase of intragastric lycopene doses,glutathione peroxidase,total antioxidant enzyme activity and total antioxidant capacity of plasma showed a trend of rising; malondialdehyde content of plasma showed a trend of decrease with the increase of supplemental lycopene dose after exercise SD rats.Therefore,the antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats and doses of intragastric lycopene were dose dependent,antioxidant capacity of blood after exercise SD rats showed a trend of rise with the increase of lycopene dose.     

Effect of Nutrient Restriction and Compensation on Weight,Serum Indexes and Gene Expression of Chest Fat Adipokines in Mongolian Lamb

To study the effect of nutrient restriction and compensation on weight,serum indexes and gene expression of chest fat adipokine in Mongolian lamb,thirty male lambs were randomly divided into control group (20.26 kg± 3.63 kg) and feed restricted group (21.29 kg±3.00 kg).The experiment lasted for 120 days,including 60 days for feed restriction and 60 days for compensatory feed.At the end of each stage,five lambs from each group were slaughtered and chest fat was collected.Serum concentration of triglycerides,non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA),total cholesterol were measured.Quantitative Real-time PCR were used to determine Adiponectin,Visfatin,PPAR-γ and ACC genes expression.The results showed that:①The lamb body weight of restricted group kept maintain level and that of control group showed a increase tendency.During the compensatory period,the average daily gain (ADG) of restricted group was significantly higher than control group (P< 0.05).②During the restriction period,serum triglycerides concentration of lambs in restricted group was significantly decreased at day 30 and 60 (P< 0.05),and NEFA concentration was significantly increased at day 30 (P< 0.05).After 60 days of nutritional compensation,all serum parameters we tested were not significantly different between restrict group and control group (P >0.05).③During the restriction period,PPAR-γ and ACC gene expression in restricted group were significantly lower than that of control group (P< 0.05),while no significant differences were found during the compensation period (P>0.05).Adiponectin and Visfatin genes expression in chest fat was not significantly changed throughout the experiment (P >0.05).We could know that nutritional restriction reduced fatty acid synthesis and adipocyte differentiation ability,adipose tissue was mobilized energy metabolism,and total cholesterol was recoveried growth on the compensation.However,the ACC and PPAR-γ genes in restricted group were significantly decreased with the body weight increased rapidly during the compensatory stage.Adiponectin and Visfatin were not significantly different between restricted and compensatory stages.     

历届全国警犬技术比赛扫描

<正>警犬的科目训练,极富有竞技性。训练水平的高低,不仅体现在实战应用上,同样体现在同等参与的比赛场上。人们知道,没有体育比赛,就不可能有专业的竞技体育发展。正因为如此,警犬技术的比赛活动极为重要。在警犬技术水平较高的国家,都非常重视比赛。这种比赛的方法,在实际工作中不仅促进了训练,而且考核检验了警犬的实战能力。同时,还增强了带犬民警的职业荣誉感,彰显了警察维护社会治安的能力,有利于改善警察的公共关系。从1998年公安部调整警犬技术工作管理体制后,我国开始举行了警犬技术比赛,全国性的已定期举办了四届,省级及以下也普遍开展了形式多样的比赛活动。