高花青素甘薯新品种‘绵紫薯9号’优化施肥技术研究

为筛选出川中丘陵区高花青素甘薯新品种‘绵紫薯9号’适宜的施肥量,采用三元二次通用组合正交设计方法,研究氮、磷和钾施用量对‘绵紫薯9号’鲜薯产量和花青素含量的影响。结果表明：块根鲜薯产量和花青素含量三元二次回归方程的回归项均达到了极显著水平,干物质率三元二次回归方程的回归项未达到显著水平。3种施肥因素对鲜薯产量的影响依次为氮素>磷素>钾素,对块根花青素含量的影响依次为钾素>氮素>磷素。鲜薯产量大于37500 kg/hm²优化施肥量：氮素207.27~218.22 kg/hm²,磷素97.18~147.11 kg/hm²,钾素207.27~218.22 kg/hm²;块根花青素含量大于102 mg/100 g以上优化施肥量：氮素126.16~158.43 kg/hm²,磷素110.13~136.74 kg/hm²,钾素119.62~151.69 kg/hm²。     

Clarithromycin suppresses induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 and improves pathological changes in the lungs and heart of mice infected with influenza A virus

The influenza A virus (IAV)–cytokine–trypsin/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) cycle is one of the important mechanisms of multiple organ failure in severe influenza. Clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has immune modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. We analyzed the effects of clarithromycin on the induction of chemokines, cytokines, MMP-9, trypsin, vascular hyper-permeability and inflammatory aggravation in mice with IAV infection. IAV/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1) infection increased the levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cytokines in serum, and MMP-9 and trypsin in serum and/or the lungs and heart. Clarithromycin significantly suppressed the induction of serum MCP-1 and MMP-9 and vascular hyperpermeability in these organs in the early phase of infection, but did not suppress the induction of trypsin, IL-6 or IFN-γ. Histopathological examination showed that clarithromycin tended to reduce inflammatory cell accumulation in the lungs and heart. These results suggest that clarithromycin suppresses infection-related inflammation and reduces vascular hyperpermeability by suppressing the induction of MCP-1 and MMP-9.     

促进三台核桃中幼树生长结实技术措施研究

为了探寻能促进云南三台核桃中幼树生长结实的技术措施,从而为云南核桃的提质增效提供理论依据,以树龄为10~15 a的三台核桃中幼树为研究对象,采用修剪、螺旋环剥、花前灌水这3种技术处理进行了为期2年的试验研究,调查和综合比较分析了不同处理的新梢发枝力、果枝率、新梢生长量、单株产量。结果表明:螺旋环剥处理,能增加母枝抽发的新梢数量,但对新梢的营养生长却有一定的抑制作用,能使其果枝率和单株产量均有提高,其平均单株结果数可达508.3个,增产效果明显;修剪处理,增强了中幼树的发枝力,增加了母枝抽发的新梢数量,增产效果也较明显;花前灌水处理,促进了新梢的长度生长和粗度生长,促进了其营养生长,对其果枝率和单株结果数均一定的促进作用,但增产效果不很显著。     

“一村一品”模式下贫困村产业发展探讨——以簸箕箩村花椒产业为例

农业产业是助推农村发展、农民增收的重要基础,“一村一品”发展模式已成为农村产业发展的重要模式。结合此模式要点,探讨贫困村产业发展,以期为进一步推进贫困村特色产业发展提供参考。结合“一村一品”的模式,以木里县簸箕箩村为例,围绕其花椒产业发展现状,介绍了花椒产业当前发展的基本情况、基础条件,从产业规划、种植技术、市场销售等方面,并分析了当前产业发展过程中存在的问题,从顶层规划、产业机制、基础设施、技术支撑、品种模式更新、采后管理等方面提出了对策建议,为该地区花椒产业发展提供思路。     

当代陆羽研究之伪命题三例

本文认为当代一些好事者所谓"陆羽在余杭著《茶经》""陆羽终老于竟陵""陆羽、李冶青梅竹马是恋人"之论,均为伪命题。弘扬陆羽文化,尤其是作为学术研究,重要的是弘扬其精神,求真求实,知古鉴今,资政育人。而以地方利益为目的,对并无异议之史实,作出断章取义和牵强附会的所谓考据,纠结于另有著经之地、终老之地,除了添乱,毫无积极意义;至于无中生有虚构其恋爱情事,实为侵犯古人隐私,无聊而庸俗,亵渎"茶圣",作践自我。     

1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒的序列测定与分析

参照内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-20(EF680302.1)全基因组序列设计合成3对引物,以山羊基因组DNA为模板,应用PCR技术扩增山羊内源性病毒基因片段,分别连接PMD-18T载体并测序,完成了1株山羊内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒全基因序列的测定。结果分析显示测定序列全长7 480bp,获得的序列与内源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株enJSRV-18(EF680301.1)的核苷酸相似性为93.4%,与外源性绵羊肺腺瘤病毒株JS-7(AF357971.1)的核苷酸相似性为88.1%。根据pro基因序列构建系统进化树,结果显示扩增序列与内源性绵羊反转录病毒株en-JSRV-5(EF680305.1)的亲缘关系最近。本研究有助于内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒感染性克隆的构建和内源性肺腺瘤反转录病毒功能的研究。     

“恩钿”月季组培技术研究

以"恩钿"月季茎段上不同部位、不同季节的芽为外植体,研究了"恩钿"月季组培苗的最佳培养基。结果表明:外植体选取时间以春季为佳,选取部位以枝条中、上部为好,适宜的增殖培养基为:MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,最佳生根培养基为:1/2MS+NAA 0.2mg/L+300mg/L活性炭;练苗基质以蛭石为佳。     

No modularity at ventral level in the horse skull

Morphological integration and modularity are concepts that refer to the covariation level between the components of a structure. Morphological modules are independent subsets of highly correlated traits. The horse skull has been studied as a whole functional structure for decades, but the integrative approach towards quantitative examination of modules is scarce. We report here the first evaluation of cranial modularity in the horse at basal level. For this, we studied the modularity hypothesis for splanchnocranium and basicranium modules in the horse, two phenotipic regions under local influence by soft-tissue–hard-tissue interfaces. Using geometric morphometrics to capture the shape and location, we examined both modules in a sample of 23 dry skulls belonging to Pyrenean Horse Breed using 57 two-dimensional cranial landmarks. Modules were compared through partial least squares analyses and Escoufier (RV) coefficient. We tested whether the integration (measured by Escoufier RV coefficient) of splanchnocranium and basicranium strength modules and their covariation pattern (as analysed by partial least squares analysis) subordinate and express similar integration results. A clear modularity was observed. The lack of disproportions in the skulls of domestic horse breeds (compared to dog and cat breeds, for instance) might be an expression of the lack of single modules to evolve. On the other side, integration might have a positive impact on survival as long as the selection pressure is along the trajectory of integrated variation.     

不同地区“玫瑰香”葡萄品质与酚类物质含量差异

以环渤海湾地区主栽葡萄品种"玫瑰香"为试材,采用常规理化指标测定方法及比色法,研究了天津市滨海新区茶淀镇、河北省昌黎县十里铺乡和山东省平度市大泽山镇地区"玫瑰香"葡萄的果实品质及酚类物质的差异性,以期为"玫瑰香"葡萄的高效种植提供参考依据。结果表明:天津地区"玫瑰香"葡萄中可溶性固形物(18.80%)和总糖(16.92 g·(100g)^-1)含量较高;河北地区可滴定酸(0.43 g·(100g)^-1)和维生素C(2.69 mg·(100g)^-1)含量比其他两地高,糖酸比为36.15;山东地区"玫瑰香"葡萄的整体品质欠佳。"玫瑰香"葡萄不同部位中酚类物质含量呈现葡萄籽>葡萄皮>葡萄果肉。天津地区葡萄籽中总原花青素和总多酚含量高于河北和山东地区,山东地区葡萄籽中总黄酮含量相比其他两地较高。天津地区"玫瑰香"葡萄相比河北和山东地区品质较好,酚类物质相对丰富,山东地区果实品质较差。     

麻竹新品种‘金丝麻竹’

‘金丝麻竹’Dendrocalamus latiflorus ‘Jinsimazhu’为牡竹属麻竹D.latiflorus的变异植株经进一步分离、移栽、培育而成的竹类新品种。2016年发现于广西容县六王镇，移植到广西林科院竹园，连续分蔸繁殖，变异特征一致、稳定。‘金丝麻竹’与麻竹的关键区别在其秆分枝或芽的一侧具黄色纵条纹，观赏价值较高。