东北三省新的番茄叶霉病菌生理小种分化初报

采用国际上通用的鉴别寄主谱,对东北三省番茄叶霉病菌生理小种进行分析鉴定。采集到的33个菌株主要为生理小种1.2.3、1.2、2.3、1.2.3.4和1.2.4,其中以小种1.2.3.4为主,而且1.2.3.4和1.2.4为新发现的生理小种。在以后的育种工作中需要引入新的番茄抗叶霉病基因,以培育出抗番茄叶霉病的新品种。     

荔枝酒香气成分的GC/MS分析

利用溶剂萃取法对荔枝酒中的挥发性成分进行提取,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC/MS)技术对其分析,经过NIST02谱库检索对比,在荔枝酒中共检测出68个峰,鉴定出67种化合物。醇类和酯类是荔枝酒中香气贡献最大的两类化合物。初步得出该荔枝酒中的特征香气化合物为β-里哪醇、香叶醇和2,6-二甲基-7-辛烯-2-醇。     

No difference in survival, growth and morphology between offspring of wild-born, hatchery and hybrid brown trout (Salmo trutta)

Abstract –  We studied survival, growth and morphological characters in the offspring of native hatchery and wild-born anadromous brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) and their hybrids (wild-born female × hatchery male and wild-born male × hatchery female) in a 1-year field experiment. We also conducted laboratory studies where we examined social interactions between the offspring of the same hatchery and wild-born trout. All offspring were raised in a hatchery and nose tagged before being released into the stream. In total, 1125 individuals were released into the stream (1999) and a total of 614 individuals were recovered (2000). We found no differences in growth and survival between the offspring of hatchery, wild-born and hybrid trout. Morphology was also similar among groups, where only 38% females and 36% males were classified into the right category, which were only 12% better than random classification. In the laboratory experiment, we compared only the offspring of hatchery and wild-born trout with respect to growth, dominance, aggressiveness, feeding and activity. We found small differences between the offspring of hatchery and wild-born fish with respect to growth but this effect was not found in the field experiment. Our result suggests that the offspring of hatchery trout and hybrids between hatchery and wild-born trout performed equally well to the offspring of wild-born trout.     

影响驱动圆盘犁平衡与入土若干因素的探讨

根据驱动圆盘犁的外载特性,详细论述了驱动圆盘犁平衡存在的若干问题及其影响因素.指出动力输出轴的转向对驱动圆盘犁平衡及入土性能具有较大的影响,牵引阻力对平衡的影响视土壤条件而定,圆盘外刃面与凸面具有平衡侧向力的作用,提升状态驱动圆盘犁的偏转会损坏驱动轮高花纹.提出采用左翻驱动圆盘犁,可以提高驱动圆盘犁的平衡性能和入土性能.     

施用鸭粪对杉木生长及其改土效应研究

对杉木林施用鸭粪的试验研究结果表明,施用鸭粪对林地土壤的理化性质有较好的改善作用,同时明显地促进杉木林的生长。在施肥后的3 a时间中,土壤的质地、结构得到改善,通透性能明显增强,土壤密度由施肥初期的平均1.20 g.cm-3减小到第3 a的1.13 g.cm-3,田间持水量从32.19%提高到42.41%,土壤孔隙度3 a内增加了6.84%,土壤有机质、全氮、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾等养分含量依次增加了9.08 g.kg-1、0.216 g.kg-1、20.48 mg.kg-1、5.18 mg.kg-1和37.39mg.kg-1,而pH值提高了0.63;3 a内林分年均胸径、树高、单株材积分别比对照增加了0.43 cm、0.30 m和0.007 4 m3。     

基于组件GIS的立地决策支持模型的研究

以林场造林规划设计中立地类型划分为目标,以小班为基本单元,以获取小班的立地类型为目的,在嵌入式组件GIS软件--MapObjects(MO)的支持下,讨论立地决策支持模型的基本组成及建立过程.其由二级决策支持模型组成,即立地区划决策支持模型和立地类型决策支持模型.将造林地的空间信息与属性信息结合起来,运用MO所提供的空间分析模块,结合MO的空间SSQL查询语句,对基于立地因子的立地类型知识库和基于行政区划的立地亚区知识库进行操作,实现造林地小班的立地类型自动决策.     

H1N1亚型猪流感病毒的生物学特性测定及其HA基因序列分析

测定了A/Swine/Guangdong/1/01(H1N1)猪流感病毒的部分生物学特性;运用RT-PCR方法扩增其HA基因,并对其进行了克隆和序列分析。结果表明,该株病毒的EID50/0.2 mL及TCID50/0.1 mL分别为10-2.3和10-2.1,小鼠感染试验亦说明该病毒具有致病性。序列分析表明,HA基因全长为1 701 bp,与国内外流行株同源性达90.8%~99.0%。     

萝卜肉质根辣味定量分析

用４甲硫基３丁烯异硫氰酸盐（ＭＴＢ－ＩＴＣ）作为辣味的定量指标，用气相色谱法测定其含量。在生食较辣的萝卜榨汁液中ＭＴＢ－ＩＴＣ含量为１００～２００μｍｏｌ／１００ｍＬ。肉质根生长初期其含量较低，定桩期增长最快，近露肩期达最大值，然后逐步下降；在整个生长过程中肉质根不同部位的辣味物质变化趋势一致；辣味物质在萝卜皮（韧皮部）的含量大于萝卜肉（木质部），萝卜肉中，真根部的顶端含量最高，向根头部的方向逐步减少。辣味强弱与播种期早晚有关。     

黄伞菌株中三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶基因片段的分离鉴定与保守性验证

本研究以黄伞菌丝cDNA为模板，设计简并引物，经PCR扩增出两条片段SLI和S12，经过回收、重扩增、克隆与鉴定后进行测序分析，结果发现SI．1的序列在Genebank中与三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶（Glyceraldehyde-3-Dhosphate dehydrogease，GPD）基因的同源性达到85％，根据SLI序列设计引物，以黄伞菌丝体、原基、菇蕾、子实体菌柄、子实体菌盖的cDNA为模板进行PCR反应以验证其保守性，结果显示此片段在不同分化发育阶段表达量相同。     

REGIONAL BINDING INDEX OF THE RADIOLABELED SELECTIVE 5-HT2A ANTAGONIST 123I-5-I-R91150 IN THE NORMAL CANINE BRAIN IMAGED WITH SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

The pattern of the specific 5-HT2A (5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor) antagonist 123I-5-I-R91150 was measured in 10 healthy dogs without neurologic and behavior abnormalities. Eight cortical regions (left and right fronto-, temporo-, parieto-, and occipitocortical area), one global subcortical region (including the thalamic system) were compared with a reference region lacking receptors; that is, the cerebellum. The 123I labeled radioligand was injected intravenously 100-200 minutes before acquisition. Both transmission and emission data were obtained with a triple head gamma camera equipped with high-resolution fanbeam collimators. The emission data were corrected for scatter and attenuation. To delineate different cerebral regions more accurately, the regions of interest (ROI) defined in a former study on brain perfusion measured with 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) in the same dogs were used. The co-registration of the 99mTc-ECD and the 123I-5-I-R91150, obtained from each dog, was realized with the help of corresponding transmission maps. By normalizing each regional cerebral activity to the activity observed in the cerebellum, the regional radioactivity (binding index) could be relatively quantified. Highest brain uptake was noted in the frontocortical brain areas (right: 1.85, left: 1.89), followed by the temporocortical region (right: 1.58, left: 1.56). Least uptake was noted in the more caudal and middle brain regions [occipito- (right: 1.46, left: 1.41), parietocortical (right: 1.30, left: 1.26), and striatal region (1.19)]. No gender nor age influence was noted in this series. The 123I labeled serotonin-2A receptor ligand seems to have similar cortical binding in the normal canine brain, as shown in humans and other animal species. A frontocortical to occipitocortical (rostrocaudal) binding index gradient was identified within the dog, which has not been seen in imaging studies from humans and other animal species. The significance of these results will need further investigation. This normative data can be used to compare regional brain uptake of the 123I-radioligand to dogs with behavioral disorders related to the serotonergic system, in future studies.