基于响应面法的离心泵作透平水力和声学性能优化

为综合优化离心泵作透平的水力和声学性能,建立了一种基于响应面的离心泵作透平水力和声学性能多目标优化方法。首先在对比分析叶轮几何参数对透平水力和噪声影响的基础上,根据敏感度筛选出对噪声影响显著的关键参数;进而应用响应面方法构造显著变量与多目标函数的响应面多元回归模型,分析影响水力效率与噪声的参数间交互作用;最终以水力效率不降低和总声压级最小为响应目标,兼顾性能与噪声确定最优参数组合,即叶片进口安放角为19.5°,叶片出口安放角为20°,叶片出口宽度为16 mm,叶片包角为92°,叶轮进口直径为101 mm,叶片数为12。对某离心泵作透平多目标优化结果表明,叶轮进口直径、叶片出口宽度、叶片数及叶片包角对内场噪声总声压级影响显著;响应面模型能够反映参数与响应值之间的相关性;经试验验证优化后透平水力效率平均提高了1.98个百分点,总声压级降低了4.95 d BA,表明采用的响应面法能够在不影响透平原有水力性能的前提下改善声学性能。     

某水电站库区泥石流灾害特征及其防治对策

某水电站位于四川省境内，属于西溪河4级梯级电站的第二级。水电站库区、尤其是库尾附近泥石流相当发育。在对该水电站库区泥石流的形成条件及基本特征阐述的基础上，对库区泥石流当前的灾害分布特征进行了分析，并对泥石流的危害性和输沙量进行了预测，最后提出了对该水电站库区泥石流的防治措施。     

基体改良效应石墨炉原子吸收法直接测定植物样品中微量钼

本文研究利用460μg/mlNa_2CO _3—1000μg/mlCa_(2+)复合溶液作石墨炉原子吸收法(GFAAS)直接测定植物样品中微量钼的基体改良剂,详细讨论了该改良剂的作用、特性、钼原子化条件和基体干扰情况。使用本试验推荐的基体改良剂,在一定的浓度范围内能彻底消除钼的记忆效应,大大提高测定灵敏度,钼的原子吸收信号增加104.6％,特征性浓度为0.5ng/mlMo,相对偏差(RSD)为2.4％。     

光耦合线性放大器

本文介绍了一种采用光耦合器和运算放大器组成的光耦合线性隔离放大器线路,对线路的工作原理和误差进行了定量分析。它具有线性度好、隔离电压高、频带宽等特点,可用于需要将信号放大,并在输入和输出之间进行电气隔离的地方。如漏电流将危及人身安全的医用仪器,过程控制中的计算机和外部设备的接口中。后者因现场干扰使计算机不能正常工作。     

300 W型绿光LED集鱼灯的光学特性

使用高光谱剖面仪Hyperspectral profilerⅡ对国产300 W型绿光LED集鱼灯的光学特性进行了测量,并与国产1 kW型金属卤化物集鱼灯进行比较.结果表明:1kW型金属卤化物集鱼灯的光谱范围不仅包含整个可见光(波长为380～760 nm),并有部分紫外和红外光线,而绿光LED集鱼灯的光谱辐射量主要集中在绿光波段(490～560 nm),没有紫外线;绿光LED集鱼灯和1 kW型金属卤化物集鱼灯在空气中的衰减系数分别为0.2527和0.2494;当绿光LED集鱼灯总功率为9 kW(30盏×300 W)时,其0.01 lx照度分布的最深距离为85 m,而金属卤化物集鱼灯总功率为62 kW(62盏×1 kW)时,其0.01 lx照度分布的最深距离却仅为50 m.本研究表明,绿光LED集鱼灯具有良好的水中穿透性,且不会对船员的眼睛和皮肤产生负面影响,节能效果明显.     

A plating method without coarsing for metallization of fiber bragg grating in intelligent metal structures

In order to protect the system of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and keep its sensing performance on a high score, an adhesive-free bond which is considered as the alternative for epoxy adhesive technology is demanded. An electroless Ni-P plating process without coarsing for fiber Bragg grating was presented. With this plating method, the FBG was coated with a metal clad of Ni-P. By Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Temperature vibration tests, the composition, structure and adhesion force of the plating coatings were analyzed. And the results indicate that the coating is smooth, flat and compact. The solder ability of Ni-P clad was tested by welding the FBG into metal components, and the results reveal that the coating films can meet the requirements of an adhesive-free bond.     

一种改进的载波抑制调制光毫米波信号的产生方案

为了克服光纤无线(ROF)系统中色散对光载波抑制(OCS)调制光毫米波信号传输的影响,提出一种改进的OCS调制方案。使用双驱动马赫-曾德尔调制器(MZM),通过调整两路输入射频信号相位、基带信号增益和直流偏置电压将2.5Gbit/s数据信号仅调制到(OCS)信号的一个边带上传输。理论分析表明,与传统OCS调制光毫米波信号产生方案相比,本文方案解决了色度色散引起的码元走离问题,大大增加了传输距离。仿真实验结果表明,经过110km光纤传输后信号的眼图仍然十分清晰,在BER=10-10条件下,信号经过20、40和60km光纤传输后的功率代价分别为0.78、1.7和1.9dB。     

Cytotoxic, cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of isolated phenolic compounds from fresh ginger

Twenty-nine phenolic compounds were isolated from the root bark of fresh (Yunnan) ginger and their structures fully characterized. Selected compounds were divided into structural categories and twelve compounds subjected to in-vitro assays including DPPH radical scavenging, xanthine-oxidase inhibition, monoamine oxidase inhibition, rat-brain homogenate lipid peroxidation, and rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell and primary liver cell viability to determine their antioxidant and cytoprotective properties. Isolated compounds were also tested against nine human tumor cell lines to characterize anticancer potency. Several diarylheptanoids and epoxidic diarylheptanoids were effective DPPH radical scavengers and moderately effective at inhibiting xanthine oxidase. An enone–dione analog of 6-shogaol (compound 2) was isolated and identified to be most effective at protecting PC12 cells from H₂O₂-induced damage. Almost all tested compounds inhibited lipid peroxidation. Three compounds, 6-shogaol, 10-gingerol and an enone-diarylheptanoid analog of curcumin (compound 6) were identified to be cytotoxic in cell lines tested, with KB and HL60 cells most susceptible to 6-shogaol and the curcumin analog with IC₅₀ < 10 μM. QSAR analysis revealed cytotoxicity was related to compound lipophilicity and chemical reactivity. In conclusion, we observed distinct compounds in fresh ginger to have biological activities relevant in diseases associated with reactive oxygen species.     

不同类型土壤胡敏素组成的研究

胡敏素(HM)是腐殖物质的主要组成部分,在碳截获、土壤结构、养分保持、生物地球化学循环等方面都占有重要的作用.采用Pallo修改法对HM进行了分组,将其分为铁结合胡敏素(HMi)、粘粒结合胡敏素(HMc)和不溶性胡敏素(HMr).并将这三种物质定义为HM的组成,同时把HMi/HMc和(HMi HMc)/HM作为HM组成的表征指标.研究了不同类型土壤的HM组成.结果表明:不同类型土壤中HM各组分含量.HMi/HMc,(HMi HMc)/HM,△lgk均各不相同;(HMi HMc)/HM>20%;除黑钙土外,HMi/HMc>1,且HM组成中HMr含量最多,HMi其次,HMc最少;HMi相对数量为黑土最高,黑钙土最低,HMc相对数量为黑钙土最高,棕壤最低,HMr相对数量为水稻土最高,黑土最低.在不同类型土壤(水稻土除外)中可溶性HM组分的△lgk值为HMi>HMc,HMi的分子结构比HMc的简单,而且棕壤HMi,HMc的△lgk值均最高,结构最简单.     

基于Ecopath模型的海水池塘主要养殖模式比较分析

为了揭示温台地区海水池塘不同养殖模式间的物质流动规律,以贝类单养和虾贝综合养殖两种模式的海水池塘为研究对象,基于 EWE 6.5软件分别构建了14和15个功能组的Ecopath模型。分析结果显示,综合养殖模式第I、Ⅱ营养级之间物质传输效率（52.1%）高于贝类单养模式（26.5%）,同时其碎屑组的物质流通量占比（20.81%）也高于贝类单养模式（4.65%）。与贝类单养模式相比,综合养殖模式关键种从大型浮游动物转为南美白对虾,混合营养效益分析显示虾功能组主要对浮游生物和碎屑产生影响,导致浮游动物生态营养学效率（EE值）升高,浮游植物EE值降低,而两种模式中贝类功能组混合营养效益未发生明显改变。贝类单养和虾贝综合养殖模式的Finn’s循环指数分别为2.75%、13.21%,系统连接指数分别为0.256、0.25,杂食指数分别为0.049、0.065,这表明由于综合养殖模式具有更完善的食物网,整体结构要优于单养模式,但两种模式整体成熟度和稳定性均较低,存在较大提升空间,可引入新功能组,以进一步提高系统稳定性、饵料利用率以及养殖效益。