基于关键帧提取技术的花开过程视频监测系统开发及试验

为克服传统花开过程监测中视频数据冗余、信息量大的缺点,该文设计了一种基于关键帧提取技术的花开过程视频监测系统。系统对花开过程原始图像采集后,采用基于光流法和熵统计算法实现对花开过程原始图像的关键帧提取,选择关键帧数模式或方向信息熵阈值模式,进行相关参数设置,最终合成出表征花开过程的关键帧视频。该文以百合花开放过程为例实现了基于关键帧提取技术的视频监测。试验结果证明,在该试验的条件下经关键帧提取合成的花开过程的视频数据量减少达84.6%以上,播放时间减少为原始视频播放时间的15.4%以下。视频保留了花开过程细节信息,整段视频播放自然流畅,可为从事植物、花卉研究的相关人员提供一个省时、方便的研究花开过程的监测平台。     

基于光流法与特征统计的鱼群异常行为检测

鱼类群体行为的异常检测能够为鱼类健康监控与预警提供重要的方法和手段,对研究鱼类行为的机理,提升水产养殖过程中的信息化水平具有非常重要的意义。该文通过计算机视觉和图像处理技术,基于鱼群运动特征统计方法,对鱼群异常行为检测进行研究。利用Lucas-Kanade光流法得到目标鱼群的运动矢量,并对目标运动的行为特征进行统计,得到速度与转角这2个行为特征的联合直方图与联合概率分布。最后,在联合概率分布的基础上,基于标准互信息(normalized mutual information-NMI)和局部距离异常因子(local distance-based outlier factor-LDOF)2种方法对鱼群行为进行异常检测。试验结果表明,2种异常检测方法均达到99.5%以上的准确率。     

旱地生态系统生态流与价值流耦合途径的研究

在界定了旱地生态系统基础上,阐述了旱地生态系统的物质流、能量流、信息流和价值流的基本特征,分析了制约旱地生态系统生态流与价值流耦合的主要因素,提出了实现旱地生态系统生态流与价值流耦合的基本途径。     

四川某电站库区泥石流的特征研究

对四川某电站库区的泥石流的危险性进行了评价,并运用工程地质分析原理的方法对其中最易发的四条泥石流沟产生条件进行了定性的分析,并计算了它们的不同概率的泥石流总量,最后对该库区泥石流的发展趋势作出了预测评价并提出了治理建议。     

基于Ecopath模型的海水池塘主要养殖模式比较分析

为了揭示台州温岭地区海水池塘不同养殖模式间的物质流动规律,以贝类单养和虾贝综合养殖2种模式的海水池塘为研究对象,基于EWE 6.5软件分别构建了14和15个功能组的Ecopath模型。结果显示,综合养殖模式第Ⅰ、Ⅱ营养级之间物质传输效率(52.1%)高于贝类单养模式(26.5%),同时其碎屑组的物质流通量占比(20.81%)也高于贝类单养模式(4.64%)。与贝类单养模式相比,综合养殖模式关键种从大型浮游动物转为凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei),混合营养效益分析显示虾功能组主要对浮游生物和碎屑产生影响,导致浮游动物生态营养学效率(Ecotrophic efficiency, EE)升高,浮游植物EE值降低,而两种模式中贝类功能组混合营养效益未发生明显改变。贝类单养和虾贝综合养殖模式的Finn’s循环指数分别为2.75%和13.21%,系统连接指数分别为0.256和0.250,杂食指数分别为0.049和0.065,这表明由于综合养殖模式具有更完善的食物网,整体结构要优于单养模式,但两种模式整体成熟度和稳定性均较低,存在较大提升空间,可引入新功能组,以进一步提高系统稳...     

3S技术在森林分类工作中的应用

3S技术是当今世界上应用广泛的先进技术之一 ,在资源调查、资源监视以及资源开发规划中应用程度广、程度深 ,在林业资源分类中也占有重要位置。     

广告英语与心理学

以心理学理论为依据分析广告英语的创作方式，主要依靠马斯洛(Abraham Harold Maslow)的“需要层次理论”并对其作了一点补充，用人的各种需要来分析英语广告，得出了广告英语的几种表达方式：生理满足式、保证安全式、证言式、亲情式、潮流式、为您服务式、换位式、自我实现式、问题一解决办法式、娱乐满足式、幽默式、比较式、物美价廉式等。     

基于马斯洛需求层次理论视角的高校青年教师党建工作研究

马斯洛需求层次理论为激发高校青年教师入党的积极性和促进高校和谐稳定提供了理论依据。文章研究以此为出发点,首先,对马斯洛需求层次理论进行阐释;其次,分析满足青年教师的低层次需求,解决青年教师的后顾之忧;再次,指出最大限度地满足青年教师的稳定持久的高层次需求,充分发挥个人才能,调动他们入党、工作的积极性;最后,满足青年教师的主导性需求,做到雪中送炭,保证高校基层党组织在青年教师中的影响力和凝聚力。     

Metapopulation analysis indicates native and non‐native fishes respond differently to effects of wildfire on desert streams

Ash flows and flooding associated with wildfires represent important but understudied sources of disturbance for fish populations. Knowledge concerning these disturbances is especially limited for larger streams where warm water species dominate. Fire‐related disturbances have been hypothesised to differentially affect native and non‐native fishes, although this hypothesis has only been tested for salmonids. The objective of our research was to contrast effects of uncharacteristically large wildfires followed by flooding on metapopulations of native and non‐native fishes in the Gila River of southwest New Mexico. Probabilities of occupancy, colonisation and local extinction of fishes were calculated across sites before and during disturbance and were also measured across a broader spatial scale during disturbance to identify potential refuge locations. Occupancy was higher for native fishes than non‐natives, but multiple wildfire and flood events increased extinction probabilities of native species. Responses of non‐native species to wildfires were mixed; extinction of non‐native salmonids increased during disturbance, while extinction of several warm water species remained unchanged or decreased. Several undisturbed sites were poor refugia for natives as they were impacted by non‐native piscivores, dewatering, and fragmentation. However, despite exposure to multiple disturbances, sites located in large tributary and valley reaches were consistently occupied by native species, suggesting these habitats provided refugia. We suggest that management actions (forest thinning; prescribed burning) that restore a more natural disturbance regime of small and less severe fires coupled with habitat remediation activities (non‐native removal; decreased water withdrawal; improved connectivity) might diminish extinction risk for native fishes exposed to wildfire disturbance.