医学科技查新审核重点及注意事项

探讨了医学科技查新审核的重点、角度和审核过程中应注意的事项,及审核对科技查新报告质量把关的重要作用。

     

植原体免疫主导膜蛋白Imp基因在大肠杆菌中表达条件优化

[目的]为提高植原体膜蛋白Imp基因在E.coli BL21(DE3)中的表达量,优化Imp基因的原核表达条件。[方法]通过设计正交试验,考察不同的培养条件对工程菌E.coli BL21(DE3)-pET-28a(+)-Imp的影响。在获得最佳培养条件的基础上考察不同诱导条件对Imp蛋白表达量的影响。利用SDS-PAGE和Gene Tools凝胶分析软件分析融合蛋白Imp的表达量。[结果]表达条件优化结果表明,最佳培养条件为:温度37℃,pH 7.0,装液量20%,振荡速度200 r/min;最佳诱导条件为:温度37℃,起始OD600≈1.5,IPTG终浓度0.1mmol/L,诱导培养时间6 h。[结论]在最佳条件下Imp表达量达70.98 mg/L,确定了Imp融合蛋白在大肠杆菌的优化表达条件。     

A modified method for inducing periodontitis in dogs using a silk-wire twisted ligature

This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of a modified silk ligature twisted with wire for inducing advanced periodontitis. Periodontitis was induced in five premolars and one molar of 20 healthy dogs over a 60-day period. The dogs were divided into four groups according to the ligature-inducing materials used: soft moistened food only, wire ligature (WL), silk ligature (SL) and twisted ligature with silk and wire (SWL). Periodontal indices were recorded, and dental radiographs were taken before and after 60 days of ligation. The ligatures were checked daily and the day the ligature fell out was noted. The period during which the ligatures were maintained was significantly shorter for the SL group compared to the SWL group (p < 0.05). Results of the clinical examination showed that almost all periodontal status parameters including the plaque index, gingival index, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing were significantly exacerbated in the SWL group compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated that alveolar bone levels were significantly lower in the SWL group than the other groups on day 60 (p < 0.05). These results suggested that experimental periodontitis induced by SWL could be an effective method for investigating periodontitis in canine models.     

《动物繁殖学》开放式创新性教学模式的建立与应用

 为适应现代社会对创新型人才的需求,提高大学生的综合素质和实践能力,培养创新意识和创新能力,进行开放式创新性教学模式的探索已迫在眉睫。论文通过优化《动物繁殖学》理论教学内容、调整实验教学方案、改革实践教学模式和考核方式,运用广泛开放的教学资源,探索产学研结合的实践教学体系,以期建立《动物繁殖学》开放式教学体系,提高教学效果。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒上海株的分离与鉴定

本研究对分离自上海某养鸡场的疑似鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(Infectious bronchitis virus,IBV)进行了分离和鉴定.所采用的方法有:鸡胚致病性试验、对鸡新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)的干扰试验、动物回归试验以及RT-PCR鉴定等.试验结果表明,该病原接种鸡胚后,48 h可引起鸡胚死亡,胚体呈侏儒样变化,对NDV感染有明显干扰作用;用分离的病毒接种SPF雏鸡可产生明显呼吸道症状,肾脏表现肿大和大量尿酸盐沉积等病理变化;用IBV特异性引物可以从分离物中扩增出IBV的N基因序列,测序结果表明,该毒株属于肾型IBV.综上所述,本研究在上海流行区域成功分离到一株IBV,将其命名为SH11株.     

实验猕猴肠道耶尔森菌感染状况调查及鉴定

为了调查耶尔森菌在实验猕猴中的感染携带状况,用冷增菌的方法进行分离培养,选择ID32E肠杆菌鉴定测试条及ATB G5药敏测试条,采用ATB细菌及药敏分析仪进行鉴定及药敏试验。调查2 525 只实验猕猴,其中15 只检出耶尔森菌阳性,感染率为0.59%。耶尔森菌在实验猕猴中带菌率不高,且带菌猴均未表现出临床症状。     

枯草芽孢杆菌RSS-1菌株产生抗菌物质条件的优化

为明确枯草芽孢杆菌RSS-1菌株产生抗菌物质的最佳条件,提高其抗菌活性物质的产量,以发酵液抑制油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)活性为指标,在摇瓶条件下采用单因素和正交实验对该菌株的最适发酵培养基成分及发酵条件进行了优化。结果表明,菌株RSS-1产生抗菌物质的最佳培养基组分比例为2.0%的玉米淀粉,1.5%的蛋白胨,0.05%的MgSO_4;最佳发酵条件为培养基初始pH 6.0,培养温度为28℃,培养时间为5天,100 mL三角瓶装液量25 mL,接种量为0.1%,转速为180 r/min。优化后的枯草芽孢杆菌RSS-1菌株的无菌培养滤液对油菜菌核病菌的抑菌活性显著增强。     

提高柴油机燃烧过程仿真计算精度的标定方法

为提高柴油机燃烧过程仿真计算精度,该文提出了新的仿真模型标定方法:首先对仿真计算的喷雾液相贯穿距、总的喷雾贯穿距(含气相)和喷雾形态进行试验验证;然后基于喷雾过程标定结果,选择合适的燃烧模型,对仿真计算的缸压和放热率曲线进行试验验证。按照上述方法应用Fire软件研究了WAVE破碎模型、Dukowicz蒸发模型和ECFM-3Z燃烧模型相关参数对计算结果的影响,分别利用喷雾自由射流和单缸柴油机试验结果标定了喷雾和燃烧模型,并与仅利用缸压和放热率曲线标定仿真模型的传统方法进行了比较。结果表明:仅利用缸压和放热率曲线标定仿真模型的方法不能保证喷雾过程模拟的准确性,后续燃烧、排放模拟的准确性亦不能保证;采用新提出的仿真模型标定方法,能准确模拟单次和分段喷射条件下柴油机的缸内喷雾和燃烧过程,拓宽了应用范围,提高了仿真计算精度。     

Testing Sediment Connectivity at the Experimental SPA2 Basin,Sicily (Italy)

The concept of sediment delivery can be used as a measure of sediment connectivity, and it can be linked to the structural connectivity (morphological unit, slope length, slope steepness, travel time) of a basin and to the hydrological connectivity (rainfall–runoff processes at morphological unit scale). In this paper, the sediment connectivity concept was tested at basin scale applying SEdiment Delivery Distributed model, which takes into account the hillslope sediment transport, and using sediment yield measurements carried out at SPA2 experimental basin (Sicily, Italy). For the SPA2 basin discretized into morphological units, the SEdiment Delivery Distributed model was first calibrated at event scale using the sediment yield measurements carried out at the outlet of the experimental basin in the period April 2000–March 2015. The model calibration was used to determine the relationships useful for estimating the unique coefficient β _e of the model appearing in the expression used to calculate the sediment delivery ratio of each morphological unit. The developed analysis allowed establishing that the functional connectivity is dependent on the magnitude of erosion events, and for low events the sediment connectivity is only governed by its structural component. Then, at annual scale, the model was calibrated for the period 2000–2015, and relationships for the estimate of the coefficient β _a taking into account the intensity of erosion events occurring in each year were determined. Finally, a physical interpretation of β coefficient at the two temporal scales (β _e , β _a ) and its link to sediment connectivity was proposed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于时延神经网络的多深度土壤含水率预测

为精准预测大田土壤含水率,并掌握不同深度土壤含水率分布规律,针对大田土壤含水率时序数据的非线性特点及相邻深度土壤含水率间具有较强关联关系,该文建立3层时延神经网络大田多深度土壤含水率预测模型,用以实现对6个不同深度(10、20、30、40、50和70 cm)土壤含水率预测。利用试验法确定预测模型的隐含层节点个数、训练学习算法和训练集样本量。试验结果表明:隐含层使用10个节点,采用L-M(Levenberg-Marquardt)训练算法,采用45%样本集数据作为训练样本,55%作为测试样本集,对所建预测模型进行预测,10和20 cm的预测相对误差小于7%,而30、40、50和70 cm的预测相对误差小于4.5%。因此利用基于时延神经网络的多深度土壤含水率预测模型,可为掌握土壤含水率分布动态变化规律提出一种解决方案。