棉花品种次生代谢物质含量差异对棉铃虫生长的影响

用不同棉花品种的嫩叶饲养棉铃虫幼虫，其相对生长率、相对取食量、近似消化率、食物转化率、食物利用率均不相同。感虫品种与高抗品种间的差异显著。运用逐步回归分析，建立了棉叶中６个影响因子（棉酚、单宁、油腺、总蛋白、总糖、单糖）与幼虫相对生长率之间关系的数学模型，并明确了各因子所起的作用。通过主成分分析，明确第１主成分为棉酚、单宁和油腺的作用，第２主成分为总糖、总蛋白的作用     

Ovipositional response ofHelicoverpa armigera to different cotton genotypes

The ovipositional response ofHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) to different cotton varieties and species was studied under caged conditions. Maximum oviposition (51.6 eggs/female) was recorded on LH 900, a variety ofGossypium hirsutum, and minimum oviposition (3.0 eggs/female) on G 27, a variety ofG. arboreum. Oviposition, in general, was low (3 to 6.5 eggs/female) onarboreum cottons as compared withhirsutum. Of the number of factors found to affect the oviposition ofH. armigera, the trichome length on the upper surface of the leaf, rather than the density, was positively correlated (r = 0.687*). Among different months in the cropping season, oviposition was maximum (552.7) during April. Oviposition was higher on leaves than on other plant parts.     

稻棉轮作对棉红蜘蛛控制作用的研究

稻棉轮作棉田因轮种水稻使红蜘蛛越冬的土壤和寄主杂草环境受到严重破坏，减少了红蜘蛛的越冬基数及早春活动繁殖场所，推迟了进入棉田为害的时间，并促进棉田中天敌数量的增加。从而有效地控制了轮作棉田红蜘蛛的发生危害，减少了防治棉田红蜘蛛的用药次数。     

华北棉田二代棉铃虫发生程度中期预测

在华北棉区用扫网法和目测查虫法调查麦田一代棉铃虫幼虫发生量，用比较法和生命表分析法预测二代棉铃虫在棉田的发生程度和虫口密度。经1991—1994年应用检验，预测结果均与实际发生情况吻合。     

农作物重要病原菌颉颃菌的筛选

从全国6省12个地区的26种植物根围采集到土壤样本50份。经室内分离、纯化后得到以芽孢杆菌为主的细菌菌株226个。以水稻、小麦和棉花等6种农作物上主要病原菌(8种真菌,4种细菌)为指示菌对这226个菌株进行平板双培养法抑菌测定,分别筛选到至少对1种病原真菌或细菌有颉颃活性的菌株95个和78个。对进一步研制防治不同作物病害的生物制剂建立了一个颉颃菌资源库。     

小地老虎为害棉苗缺株产量损失及棉株群体补偿力模拟试验

研究结果明确了模拟棉苗受小地老虎为害造成断苗缺株后，周围棉株有不同程度的补偿作用，主要表现在有效铃的增加和产量的提高，缺１株苗成铃能获得１０１．８５％的补偿，籽棉平均补偿率达８７．２４％，损失率为１２．７６％。但自连续缺２株以上，则补偿率下降为５０．６２％－３５．７５％，损失率上升为４９．３７％－６４．２４％。补偿量和损失量（率）是随缺株数的增加而增长，而补偿率则随缺株数增加而下降，在不同缺株数间     

短季棉生育进程、皮棉产量与积温、光照的关系

以中棉所１６号为试验材料,经三年试验,研究短季棉在不同年际间气温、光照条件的差异及对生育进程和皮棉产量的影响。结果表明,同一品种不同年际间气温不同,各生育阶段和全生育期的长短差别很大,但所需积温基本一致。生育进程的快慢主要取决于积温,光照无明显的直接影响。同为富光照年,高温年比低温年产量高。在适宜范围内提高温度,对促进光合作用,增加皮棉产量有一定影响,尤其能提早成熟。根据品种对积温的需求,结合当地的气候条件,科学调控棉花的开花结铃期,是实现短季棉高产、稳产、早熟的有效途径。     

棉花幼苗侧根发生的化学诱导研究 Ⅲ.Ca~(2+)对棉花幼苗侧根发生和根系IAA含量的影响研究初报

清水或 DPC 200ppm 溶液浸种培养的棉花幼苗在移栽时用含 Ca~(2+)30ppm 的 CaCl_2溶液漫根2小时处理,栽后8天观察发现,两种浸种方式,Ca~(2+)均能促进棉苗侧根的发生,并提高根系 IAA 含量。但 Ca~(2+)处理 DPC 降低根对棉酚含量的效应无明显影响。上述试验结果显示出 Ca~(2+)与诱导棉苗侧根发生和调节根系 IAA 水平之间存在着某些内在的联系,这可能涉及到 Ca~(2+)·CaM系统(胞内第二信使系统)与植物激素效应之间的关系。     

The influence of the hemoglobin concentration in growing mink kits on certain skin characteristics

The relationship between some skin characteristics and hemoglobin values during the growth period were statistically examined in standard male minks. Significant correlations) (P < 0.05–0.001) were found between the hemoglobin concentrations determined at 3 points during the growth period (in July, August and November) and the density and colour of underfur, and skin length, respectively. According to the study even the early hemoglobin values in July and August have a significant influence on the size and quality of the pelt. Mink kits with low hemoglobin values are liable to develop a winter fur coat with defective pigmentation and hair structure of the underfur. Anemic minks develop the most extreme stage of the pigmentation defect and these so-called cotton fur skins have little value in the fur garment industry. When these abnormal hemoglobin values are recognized at an early stage, cotton fur skins may be avoided, and larger skins of better quality may be produced.     

Natural parasitism of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chrysoperla carnea</Emphasis> by hymenopterous parasitoids in cotton-growing areas of Çukurova,Turkey

A 4-year study of parasitoids attackingChrysoperla carnea (Stephens) in the cotton fields of Çukurova, Turkey, revealed the activities of three principal taxa:Telenomus sp. nr.suvae attacks the eggs ofC. carnea: Catolaccus sp. andBaryscapus sp. are larval and pupal parasitoids, respectively. In general, percent egg parasitism increased starting from the second half of June and into July, then decreased until the beginning of August before rising again at the end of growing season. During the early season, weekly parasitism was found to be as high as 94%. Overall, seasonal egg parasitism varied between 13.6% and 62.0% among all study sites. According to the results of a one-year field study at Hac?ali, total larval and pupal parasitism was found to be 12.5% and 55.6%, respectively. Therefore, different factors influencing the effectiveness of the generalist predatorC. carnea against cotton pests, and the differential effects of cotton treatments on both host and parasitoids, need to be evaluated.