党的第三代领导集体对社会主义发展战略理论的新贡献

党的第三代领导集体创造性地运用邓小平的社会发展战略思想,提出了“科教兴国” 和“可持续发展”战略,推动着邓小平提出的“三步走”战略向着既定的目标前进。这是第三代领导集体对社会主义发展战略的新贡献。     

灰飞虱不同虫量与水稻条纹叶枯病发病的相关性研究

通过田间水稻1代灰飞虱成虫高峰期罩笼接虫传毒试验,结果表明,带毒灰飞虱属持久性传毒型介体昆虫,并随虫量的增加,水稻条纹叶枯病发病呈上升趋势,以400～600头/m2时发病较为明显。浸种试验显示,用25%咪鲜胺EC(使百克) 10%二硫氰甲烷EC(浸种灵) 12.5%吡虫啉SL浸稻种有控虫防病效果。     

蛇床子素对小麦赤霉病菌葡萄糖、钙吸收和三磷酸腺苷酶活性的抑制

蛇床子素可抑制小麦赤霉病菌菌丝生长干重;含有14C标记的葡萄糖培养基中培养小麦赤霉病菌,以100 μg/mL蛇床子素处理,其菌体内14C放射强度比对照降低43％,表明蛇床子素能抑制小麦赤霉病菌对葡萄糖的吸收;以100 μg/mL蛇床子素处理小麦赤霉病菌12 h,菌体内总钙含量仅为对照的60%,表明蛇床子素能抑制菌体对钙的吸收;蛇床子素处理对β-1,6-葡聚糖酶活性没有显著影响;离体条件下,蛇床子素能抑制小麦赤霉病菌三磷酸腺苷(ATP)酶活性。     

复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡葡萄球菌病的疗效试验

采用人工诱发的病理模型,按推荐剂量治疗,验证复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡(试验时30日龄)葡萄球菌病的疗效.试验结果表明,复方罗红霉素可溶性粉对鸡葡萄球菌病有很好的治疗效果,有效率达96.7%;推荐剂量治疗组的死亡率极显著地低于感染对照组(P<0.01);推荐剂量治疗组与健康对照组的增重差异不显著(P>0.05),但极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01).     

地胆头注射液的制备及其体外抑菌效果研究

分别用3种不同浓度的乙醇水溶液进行热回流浸提,制备地胆头原液.然后用醇溶液调pH值法除去鞣质以及乙醚脱脂、活性炭脱色等方法进行除杂脱色,制备地胆头有效部位注射液.对地胆头注射液进行了质量和安全性检查及体外药效试验.结果表明,制备的地胆头注射液对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎双球菌、大肠埃希氏杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌均有明显的抑制作用,其中用65%乙醇提取制备的地胆头注射液效果最好,3种注射液都具有很好的澄明度和安全性.     

Effects of pre-feeding of a corn silage-based supplement on the feed intake, milk production and nitrogen utilization of grazing dairy cows

Four Holstein cows were used to determine the effect of timing of the feeding of a corn silage (CS)‐based supplement on the feed intake, milk production and nitrogen utilization of grazing dairy cows. The cows were fed the supplement 2 h before grazing (pre‐grazing) or immediately after grazing (post‐grazing). Cows were grazed for 5 h per day under a rotational grazing system. There was no difference in the herbage and total feed intake between treatments. The milk protein yield for pre‐grazing tended to be higher than that for post‐grazing, whereas the milk yield did not differ between treatments. The total nitrogen intake for pre‐grazing tended to be higher than that for post‐grazing (P = 0.06). There was no difference in the urinary nitrogen output between treatments, whereas the proportion of urinary nitrogen output : total nitrogen intake for pre‐grazing tended to be lower than that for post‐grazing (P = 0.06). The milk nitrogen output and nitrogen retention for pre‐grazing tended to be higher than that for post‐grazing (milk nitrogen, P = 0.06; nitrogen retention, P = 0.05). Nitrogen utilization of grazing dairy cows was improved by feeding a CS‐based supplement before grazing.     

Thromboelastography: a tool for measuring hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and fibrinolysis

Objective: To describe the technique of thromboelastography (TEG) and review the applications of this coagulation test in humans and small animals. Data sources: Data sources included scientific reviews and original research publications. Human data synthesis: TEG in humans has been used for documentation of hypercoagulable and hypocoagulable states and has been shown to be beneficial in patient management. Veterinary data synthesis: Clinical evaluation of TEG in veterinary medicine is limited; however, recent reports have documented evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvovirus and protein‐losing nephropathy. Additionally, many of the research models may be relevant to veterinary patients. Conclusions: TEG provides information about coagulation that is not available through routine coagulation tests. The application of TEG monitoring to veterinary patients shows promise; however, prospective clinical studies are needed.     

不同收获期玉米青贮DM和CP奶牛瘤胃降解率研究

结果表明：蜡熟期玉米青贮DM的有效降解率（60.07%）分别比乳熟期（52.91%）和乳熟前期（45.13%）高7.16个百分点（P＜0.05）和14.94个百分点（P＜0.01）;乳熟期玉米青贮DM的有效降解率比乳熟前期高7.78个百分点（P＜0.05）.蜡熟期玉米青贮CP的有效降解率（81.93%）分别比乳熟期（76.43%）和乳熟前期（73.36%）高5.50个百分点（P＜0.05）和8.57个百分点（P＜0.05）;乳熟期玉米青贮CP的有效降解率比乳熟前期高3.07个百分点，但差异不显著.     

黄土地区影响土壤膨胀因素的研究

通过测定黄土高原地区几种土壤的膨胀率,探讨了不同质地、有机质、容重、Ca2 、干湿交替强度和次数对土壤膨胀率的影响,揭示了这些因素对土壤结构的影响程度。结果表明:土壤粘粒含量与土壤膨胀率呈显著正相关;有机质含量在质地差别不明显情况下,对土壤膨胀率也有极显著的作用与影响;容重对土壤膨胀率的影响是随着容重的增加土壤膨胀率也增加,增幅可达1.70%~30.22%;Ca2 对土壤膨胀起着重要的抑制作用。干湿交替强度显著地影响着土壤膨胀性,在40℃情况下快速干燥土壤的膨胀率较在30℃时干燥的土壤膨胀率显著增幅可达30.28%~81.20%;干湿交替次数对土壤膨胀率的作用表现为随着干湿交替次数的增加而增大,尤其以第一次干湿交替的破坏最为严重。     

包膜控释尿素对大棚番茄的增产与品质提高效应

对施用包膜控释尿素和普通尿素的大棚番茄进行了田间生产条件下产量与品质对比分析试验。结果表明:与普通尿素相比施用控释尿素有显著的增产效果。D 60控释处理(控释期60 d)产量最高,为68.85 t/hm2,比对照增产19.39 t/hm2,增产率为39.2%;比尿素增产10.10 t/hm2,增产率为17.2%;D 90(控释期90 d)比对照增产15.37 t/hm2,增产率为31.0%;比尿素增产6.08 t/hm2。增产率为10.3%;D 90与D 60两种控释尿素之间产量差异不显著。控释尿素具有增加单株果数、单果重的效果。D 90与D 60氮素当季利用率比普通尿素分别高65.5%和108.8%。硝酸盐含量,以D 90为最低,仅比对照高4.4%,比普通尿素低56%;D 60比对照高15%,比尿素处理低51.6%;尿素处理比对照高137.3%。V c和氨基酸含量,D 90为最高,分别比对照高1.00倍和2.46倍;比普通尿素处理高22%和100%;D 60与尿素两处理V c含量差异不显著,但氨基酸总量前者却比后者高48%。可溶性糖含量以D 60较高,普通尿素为最低。综合品质指标为:D 90>D 60>U。说明控释尿素具有显著地增产效应和提高蔬菜品质的突出效应,特别在提高蔬菜的安全品质方面贡献最大。综合各项,在番茄生产中以选用控释期为60 d的包膜控释尿素为最好。