不同菜心品种耐热性鉴定指标的筛选

研究了6个不同熟性的菜心品种在高温塑料棚中苗期和采收期对农艺性状(株高(PH)、开展度(Width)、基叶数(BLN)、薹叶数(SSLN)、叶片长度(LL)、叶柄长(PL)、叶宽(LW)、叶柄宽(PW)、叶厚(LT)、薹高(SSH)、薹粗(SSD)、薹重(SSW)、总重(TW)和播种成活率(SR))和生理生化(丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、电导率(EC)、叶绿素(Ch))等指标变化的影响,并以菜心热害指数为性状筛选标准,采用隶属函数法对相关数据进行了分析。结果表明:4项指标与热害指数显著负相关并可以用来鉴定菜心的耐热性,即高温塑料棚采收期的菜心株高(HT-PH)、薹叶数(HT-SSLN)、采收期的单株生物总重(HT-TW)和播种成活率(HT-SR)。6个菜心材料的耐热性可以分为3类:"四九-19号菜心"和"四九黄菜心"为耐热型;"油绿50d菜心"和"油绿501菜心"为一般耐热型;"油绿菜心701"和"特青迟心4号"为热敏型。     

大白菜TuMV抗性的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析

以大白菜抗TuMV品种BP8407的高代自交系和感TuMV品种极早春的高代自交系,抗TuMV品种二青的高代自交系和感TuMV品种春大将的高代自交系配制两个F2群体。以F2群体人工摩擦接种TuMV-C4后的ELISA鉴定的P/N值为抗性鉴定指标,应用P1、P2、F1、F2 4个世代的数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传分析方法,分析了大白菜TuMV抗性的遗传规律。结果表明：大白菜TuMV的抗性由2对主效基因控制,遗传模型分别为E-1、E-0,主基因遗传率分别为86.51%、77.64%。因此,大白菜对TuMV-C4抗性符合2对主基因+多基因的遗传模式,抗性遗传以主基因为主。     

白菜与甜菜间作的生长与资源利用效果

通过设置不同的白菜与甜菜间作密度,监测了复合群体的叶面积指数、漏光率以及各作物产量,研究复合群体的生长动态,光资源分布以及产量产值效应。结果表明:在间作群体中,白菜依其速生优势而表现偏利效应,间作甜菜前期受白菜遮蔽胁迫,其生育期叶面积指数始终低于单作;白菜收获后甜菜通过叶层自动空间散布提高光能截获率,促进了后期光合补偿性生产;白菜2行∶甜菜1行间作(BT1)处理,白菜的实际产量比"预期"产量极显著增高26.7个百分点,甜菜比"预期"产量增高34.0个百分点;白菜2行∶甜菜2行间作(BT2)处理,白菜、甜菜的实际产量比"预期"产量分别极显著增高59.3、53.0个百分点;BT1、BT2间作群体较白菜单作经济效益分别提高10.2、23.7个百分点,较甜菜单作经济效益分别提高91.5、115.1个百分点。分析表明,间作种植显著提高了地气资源的利用效率,BT1间作LER为1.29;BT2间作LER高达1.56。     

“中国野生动物之乡”命名活动

野生动物是自然生态系统的重要组成部分,在促进人与自然和谐发展、维护生态平衡等方面发挥着重要作用。为了加强野生动物资源的保护,调动野生动物栖息地地区公众保护鸟类的积极性,提高公众野生动物保护的意识,促进人口、资源、环境和经济的协调发展,中国野生动物保护协会自2004年起在全国组织开展了“中国野生动物之乡”命名活动,受到了社会各界的广泛欢迎。截止2011年8月,中国野生动物保护协会共在全国23个省（区、市）命名了50个“中国野生动物之乡”。作为野生动物保护宣传的新模式,“中国野生动物之乡”对于加大提高公众的保护意识,树立地方的生态品牌,调动社会各界的保护积极性起到了促进作用。     

中药复方制剂“促免增重颗粒”对云岭黑山羊血液生理生化指标的影响

本研究旨在探讨中药复方制剂促免增重颗粒对云岭黑山羊血液生理生化指标的影响。选择6-12月龄云岭黑山羊40只,按照体重相近的原则随机分为4个组,每组10只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,促免增重颗粒组、四君子散组、强壮散组分别在精料中添加促免增重颗粒、四君子散和强壮散,预饲期为7 d,正试期为60 d。在正试期第0、30和60天采样,检测血液学和血液生化指标。结果显示,促免增重颗粒对云岭黑山羊血液生理生化指标有一定影响,表明促免增重颗粒有提高免疫功能的作用。     

复方中草药添加剂对大骨鸡生长性能的影响

研究复方中草药添加剂对大骨鸡生长性能的影响,选用1日龄大骨鸡200只,随机分为4组,每组50只,Ⅰ组为空白对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1%、2%复方中草药添加剂,试验期42 d。在不同试验阶段称量体重和耗料,计算平均日增重、耗料量及料重比。结果表明,在日粮中添加不同比例的复方中草药添加剂对其生长性能有提高趋势,添加量以1%为最佳。     

From classical taxonomy to genome and metabolome: towards comprehensive quality standards for medicinal herb raw materials and extracts

Fundamental to herbal medicine quality is the use of 'authentic' medicinal herb species. Species, however, 'represent more or less arbitrary and subjective man-made units'. Against this background, we discuss, with illustrative examples, the importance of defining species boundaries by accommodating both the fixed (shared) diagnostic and varying (within-species) traits in medicinal herb populations. We emphasize the role of taxonomy, floristic information and genomic profiling in authenticating medicinal herb species, in addition to the need to include within species phytochemical profile variations while developing herbal extract identification protocols. We outline the application of species-specific genomic and phytochemical markers, chemoprofiling and chemometrics as additional tools to develop qualifying herbal extract references. We list the diagnostic traits available subsequent to each step during the medicinal herb extract manufacturing process and delineate limits to qualification of extract references.     

Effect of several supplemental Chinese herbs additives on rumen fermentation, antioxidant function and nutrient digestibility in sheep

Two experiments were carried out in this study. Experiment 1 was conducted to examine the effects of several supplemental Chinese herbs on antioxidant function and slaughtered body weight in sheep. Results indicated that Fructus Ligustri Lucidi supplementation improved the blood antioxidant function [higher concentration of glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase and lower concentration of malondialdehyde] and slaughtered body weight in sheep (p < 0.05). Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effect of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract (FLLE) on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility in sheep. Four levels of FLLE treatments, i.e. 0, 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg dry matter (DM), were used in this part. Addition of FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM increased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration and propionate proportion, decreased ammonia-N concentration in the ruminal fluid, reduced blood urea nitrogen concentration at 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after morning feeding (p < 0.05). Addition of FLLE at all dosages had no effect on ruminal pH value and acetate concentration at all sampling time points in sheep (p > 0.05). Dynamic degradation coefficient c of maize DM was significantly increased by supplementing FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM (p < 0.05). Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition had no effect on degradation coefficients a, b, c of DM and nitrogen of soybean meal; a, b of maize DM; a, b, c of maize nitrogen; and a, b, c of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) of Chinese wildrye (p > 0.05). Addition of FLLE at 300 or 500 mg/kg DM increased DM and organic matter digestibility of diet (p < 0.05). Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition had no effect on digestibility of diet's NDF, ADF and crude protein (p > 0.05). From the aforementioned results, it is indicated that FLLE improved antioxidant status and slaughtered body weight. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extract addition has capability to modulate rumen fermentation, increase the maize degradation rate, total volatile fatty acid concentration and propionate proportion in sheep.     

慈溪杨梅硒含量检测结果

检测了慈溪杨梅126批次,平均含硒量0.018mg/kg,其它县市杨梅159批,平均含硒量0.018mg/kg。慈溪杨梅中,硒含量≥0.01mg/kg有118批,占93.7%,其它县市杨梅中只占44.0%;硒含量≥0.015mg/kg的样品占66.6%,而其它县市只占16.4%。结果表明,慈溪杨梅硒含量显著高于其它县市杨梅硒含量,达到富硒食品标准,有利于进行富硒杨梅产业化开发。     

文冠果种子浸提液对白菜种子萌发的影响

文冠果种子营养丰富、含油率高。花色品种多样且好看,花期长达20多天。但由于文冠果种子较难萌发,实验主要研究文冠果种子各部位是否含有抑制物,各部位抑制物含量比较,及用赤霉素处理后是否能降低抑制,使其能大面积种植。实验取饱满的文冠果种子的种胚、胚乳、种皮和完整种子各2g,研磨后,分别用蒸馏水和80%甲醇溶液在0℃下静止提取定容,制成浓度为0.5、0.1、0.15g/mL的溶液,倒入培养皿中每皿放100粒白菜种子进行发芽试验,每种处理3次重复。用200g/mL的赤霉素浸泡饱满的文冠果种子2天,再重复上述实验过程。结果表明:文冠果种子的蒸馏水提取液对白菜种子萌发抑制较弱,而甲醇提取液对其抑制较强,被赤霉素处理后抑制作用都有所减弱,但不能完全消除。文冠果种子各部分都含有含有抑制物,其中种皮含量较多。