旋刀式草坪割草机旋刀装置的减噪措施

本文对旋刀式草坪割草机的旋刀装置所产生的噪声进行了分析和测试,并研制了一个能改善空气流动性能而噪声又较低的旋刀装置.     

小麦寡分蘖材料H461分蘖性状的遗传分析

从杂交组合SW94-30921×异源2号的后代中经多代选育,获得一个大穗型寡分蘖小麦新品系H461。为了进一步了解H461的遗传特性,用穗数型多分蘖小麦品种川农16与H461杂交,对两亲本及F1、F2、BC1、BC2、F3群体进行农艺性状考察及分析。结果表明,H461的分蘖数极显著低于川农16,而其小穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗粒重、穗长及株高均极显著高于川农16;H461的寡分蘖遗传特性不受细胞质影响,可能受2对主效核基因和一些微效基因的共同控制,其中1对基因对另1对基因有抑制作用。     

白羊草种群生殖分蘖株数量特征分析

在天然白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum(L.)Keng)种群籽实成熟期间,采集生殖分蘖株,按10个高度级进行测定.结果表明:白羊草种群生殖分蘖株的株高与花序长度、籽粒千粒重、营养生物量、生殖生物量和总生物量之间呈显著正相关,与生殖生长比率、结实率、花序分配和种子分配呈显著负相关;生殖分蘖株数量特征的规律性变化,表现出特定生境条件下个体生长与生殖的适应性.     

粉垄与覆膜对宁南旱区土壤物理性状及马铃薯产量的影响

于2018—2019年在西吉县新营乡白城村进行了田间试验,设置耕作与覆膜二因素裂区试验,主区为耕作方式,设置传统旋耕20 cm(CT)和粉垄耕作30 cm(FL30)、45 cm(FL45)、60 cm(FL60)等4个耕作处理;副区为地膜覆盖,设置不覆膜(NM)和覆黑膜(BM).测试了土壤的物理性状与马铃薯产量,研究...     

旋耕碎茬工作机理研究和通用刀辊的设计

根据旋耕、碎茬作业不同的工作机理和农艺要求,探讨了各参数之间的关系,运用最优化组合和螺旋线排列原理,设计了旋耕 碎茬刀的多头螺旋线排列及在同一刀盘上的配置,在此基础上设计了旋耕碎茬通用机的变速机构和通用刀辊。其特点是在同一刀辊的刀盘上,可分别安装旋耕刀和碎茬刀,变速箱的变速机械可适合旋耕、碎茬的不同转速要求。     

斜置旋耕刀的研制

斜置旋耕是降低能耗、提高耕作质量的一种新型旋耕方式。斜置旋耕时,旋耕刀一边沿垂直于刀轴的方向滑切土壤,一边沿平行于刀轴方向撕裂土壤。土壤的破坏形式由正置旋耕时的单纯受压变为受压－撕裂,并有效地降低了旋耕功能。为了适应斜置旋耕的特点,笔者研制了刀面为弯曲面的斜置旋耕刀,并和具有同样回转半径和刃口曲线的国标旋耕刀进行了对比试验,结果表明：采用斜置旋耕刀进行斜置耕作,其功耗可降低８％左右。     

高压旋喷灌浆技术在构筑输水洞截流环墙中的应用

黄前水库输水洞渗处理采用高压旋喷灌浆技术的构筑连环水泥桩,形成输水洞外截流环墙,治理洞身与坝体之间的接触渗漏取得了成功,为此,详细介绍了高压旋喷灌浆原理,所使用的主要设备组成及工艺流程、施工方案设计及施工方法。     

1GNF-200施肥旋耕机的设计与研究

该施肥旋耕机是为４０．４～５８．８ｋＷ轮式拖拉机配套的新型施肥、整地联合作业机具,可在作物播种前的旋耕整地过程中,完成化肥的条状深施。经设计方案、总体配置、主体结构和机组配套性能等的分析研究,以及机具田间工作性能测试表明,此机具设计合理,性能可靠,作业质量满足农艺要求。     

Effect of Varied N-fertilization on Yield Formation of Winter Wheat under Particular Consideration of Mainstems and Tillers

Two-year field trials with winter wheat in nine N-fertilizer treatments were conducted in southern Bavaria to investigate the basis of yield stability and yield superiority of N-fertilization strategies with emphasis on N-application during stem elongation. In measurements of individual plants the contribution of mainstems and tillers to yield formation was examined. While grain yield showed only slight differences, significant differences between harvest indices were observed among the fertilizer treatments. High harvest indices were regularly recorded in low stand densities. Individual plant analysis proved that early N-application led to high stand densities which intensified reduction processes during ear development. N-fertilization with emphasis on stem elongation lessened reduction processes. Low yield of tillers was mainly attributed to a low grain number per ear. Differences in grain yield between mainstems and tillers could not be modified by means of N-fertilizer treatment. Highest yields on mainstems as well as on tillers were recorded in N-fertilizer treatment with emphasis on stem elongation. This study demonstrates that an excessive initiation of yield components causes an unproductive consumption of resources which is detrimental to yield formation. It is concluded that optimum N-fertilizer treatment should aim at plant stands with strong individual plants which can be achieved by emphasis of N-fertilization during stem elongation. The stimulation of the initiation of yield organs is of minor importance as compared to a decrease of reduction process.     

水稻不同库源类型品种灌浆特点及库源协调关系的研究

对不库库源类型的水稻品种汕优６３（源限制型）和泗稻８号（库限制型）不同蘖位,不同花位的籽粒灌浆特点和器官库源协调关系进行了研究。结果表明：（１）不同蘖位同灌浆时间顺序与分蘖发生效人序一致,不同花位灌浆时间顺序是开花次序一致;（２）开花越早,灌浆强度越大;（３）汕优６３和泗稻８号弱势花均有明显的阶段灌浆现象,第２阶段灌浆干物质积累量大于第１阶段灌浆干物质积累量;（４）泗稻８号和汕优６３籽粒干特重中。