海浪河冬季浮游动物数量特征与群落结构分析

2010年2月份对海浪河10个采样点的浮游动物群落结构进行分析,并利用多维尺度分析（MDS）对各采样点浮游动物群落组成的相似性进行了研究。结果表明：海浪河10个采样点共鉴定出浮游动物4门15属16种,其中原生动物种类最多,7属8种,占50%;轮虫6属6种,占37.5%;桡足类2属2种,占12.5%;没有发现枝角类;浮游动物冬季平均丰度和生物量分别为4.9×104ind./L和0.1293mg/L;经MDS分析后,将10个采样点分为两组,其组内相异性较小,组外相异性较大。     

翅碱蓬生态化学计量内稳性对模拟氮磷沉降的响应

生物有机体元素组成内稳性是生态化学计量学核心概念之一,研究植物N、P生态化学计量内稳性及N、P分配可以明确其生态策略和适应性、竞争性。采用室内盆栽方法,研究了翅碱蓬(Suaeda heteroptera)N、P内稳性与生长对模拟N、P沉降增加的响应。结果表明,N沉降增加情况下,翅碱蓬吸收积累N表现为"绝对"的生态化学计量内稳性;P沉降增加情况下,翅碱蓬吸收积累P呈现一定的生态化学内稳性,调节系数HP为0.754,HN∶P为0.792。N沉降增加促进了翅碱蓬积累P,翅碱蓬生长可能受N限制。N、P沉降增加情况下,翅碱蓬株重、P吸收积累量与株高间均表现为异速生长。N沉降增加,翅碱蓬株重生长比株高快,P积累相对减慢。P沉降增加,翅碱蓬株高生长比株重快,P积累也相对更快。     

机械化整秆覆盖膜侧沟播保护性耕作技术的试验研究

中国黄土高原地区由于干旱、无霜期短而严重影响春玉米产量,该文研究应用整秆覆盖免耕膜侧播种的耕作模式,在冬闲期采用机械将玉米秸秆整秆压倒覆盖免耕,在种植期带状起垄覆膜,膜侧播种,行间秸秆覆盖,集储水、保墒、增高地温于一体。结果表明,该技术与传统的露地深翻模式相比,具有明显的储水、保墒、增高地温和提高玉米产量的效果。     

基于圆弧的原木轮廓的识别与验证

针对原木端面存在相交圆、阴影等导致原木轮廓难以获得完整的圆轮廓问题,提出了基于圆弧的原木轮廓识别方法.首先分析了圆弧在数字化图像中的性质,从各种边缘线条中区分出圆弧边缘;其次,定义验证模型,以判断识别结果是否为合格圆.结果表明,该方法可以从大量干扰的边缘中找到轮廓,并利用部分轮廓边缘识别原木端面.     

Spatial scaling of soil salinity indices along a temporal coastal reclamation area transect in China using wavelet analysis

High spatial variability of soil salinity in coastal reclamation regions makes it difficult to obtain accurate scale-dependent information. The objectives of this study were to describe the spatial patterns of saline-sodic soil properties (using soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC_1:5) and sodium ion content (SIC) as indicators) and to gain knowledge of the scaling relationships between those variables. The soil pH, EC_1:5 and SIC data were measured at intervals of 285 m along a 13,965-m temporal transect in a coastal region of China. The spatial variability of soil pH was weak but it was strong for soil EC_1:5 and SIC at the measurement scale. There was a significant positive correlation between soil EC_1:5 and SIC, while correlations between soil pH and either EC_1:5 or SIC were weak and negative. For each saline-sodic soil parameter, the variability changed with the decomposition scales. The high-variance area at the larger scales (≥570 m) occupied less than 10% of the total area in the local wavelet spectrum, which meant that the spatial variations of the salinity indicators were insignificant at these scales. For local wavelet coherency, at a scale of 1500–2800 m and a sampling distance of 0–4500 m, the covariance was statistically significant between any two of the saline-sodic soil parameters.     

绿洲灌区小麦水分生产率在不同尺度上的变化

水分生产率是衡量农业生产水平和农业用水科学性与合理性的综合指标。文章根据民乐县洪水河灌区1995-2006年的气象、灌溉用水量、灌溉面积、作物产量资料,从田间、斗渠、干渠、灌区4个不同尺度分析了小麦灌溉水分生产率年份间的变化情况。结果表明：不同尺度上平均灌溉水分生产率不同,田间尺度为1.414 kg/m3,斗渠尺度为1.013 kg/m3,干渠尺度为1.089 kg/m3,灌区尺度为0.894 kg/m3,并且不同尺度上的灌溉水分生产率在年份间的差异也比较大。2001年洪水河灌区实施了节水灌溉工程,不同尺度上的平均灌溉水分生产率在2001-2006年较1995-2000年有所提高,田间、斗渠、干渠、灌区分别提高了7.9%、19.4%、16.5%、7.4%,说明目前斗渠、干渠尺度上节水力度大,节水效益明显,而灌区尺度还有较大的节水潜力,应成为未来农业节水研究的重点。     

Bioassay and field-simulator studies of the efficacy of pymetrozine against peach-potato aphids,Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae), possessing different mechanisms of insecticide resistance

Twenty-one clones of the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), carrying various combinations of known mechanisms of insecticide resistance were assessed for their response to the new pyridine azomethine compound, pymetrozine, in leaf-dip bioassays. Pymetrozine was also applied as a foliar spray to populations of four different UK M persicae clones on potato plants in field-simulator chambers. Neither study showed any evidence of cross-resistance to this compound. Pymetrozine, used in conjunction with other effective aphicides, such as pirimicarb and imidacloprid, can therefore play an important role in insecticide resistance-management strategies for M persicae.     

Analysis of the distorted scaling factor in wind tunnel modeling of power transmission line system

Because of the limitation of the model making and the existing wind tunnel’s size, it is difficult to keep the line and tower in the same scaling factor in developing the aeroelastic model of the power transmission lines system, and a distorted scaling factor is needed in span length of the lines. With the instance of a 1 000 kV two circuit power transmission lines, the finite element analysis under the along wind load in time history is conducted with keeping the tower in the same and the line scaling factor being 1, 0.5 and 0.25 respectively. The results show that the response of the power transmission lines systems keep in the same, and then the wind induced vibration of the distorted model in the wind tunnel test can actually reflect the response of the power transmission lines system under the wind load.     

2001-2006年《河北农业大学学报》主要文献评价指标分析

运用文献计量学的方法,对2001—2006年《河北农业大学学报》的引文量、总被引频次、基金论文比、影响因子、被引半衰期、Web即年下载率等主要文献评价指标进行统计分析。结果表明：《河北农业大学学报》被使用、重视程度不断提高,学术影响力越来越大。     

Psychophysics and the Sensory Assessment of Fish

Procedures for sensory evaluation of fish often give the appearance of being empirical, that is, having been developed from practice without any contribution of underlying theory. The fundamental principles of sensory evaluation lie in psychophysics, a branch of psychology. Some textbooks of sensory evaluation have sections on psychophysics, but they are based on what might be called classical psychophysics which is summarized by the Weber/Fechner laws. Contemporary psychophysics has theories and practices which have wider applications in sensory evaluation of foods than classical psychophysics and can be applied to the advantage in the sensory analysis of fish. Three examples from the author's own experience will be presented in this discussion paper: use of the Theory of Signal Detection in evaluating taints; use of similarity ranking methods and multidimensional scaling for grouping fish by sensory properties; and application of current ideas of scaling to the measurement of freshness.