稻麦打捆秸秆直燃热风炉的研发

对稻麦打捆秸秆直燃热风炉的研发背景、技术上的难点、解决方法和热风炉的组成、功用、特点作了介绍;对所产生的社会效益、经济效益、生态效益以及市场前景和推广价值进行了分析.     

汉中农村夯土民居墙体材料绿色改性研究

为了探索汉中山区生土建筑合适的墙体改性材料,对目前常见的生土改性材料进行归纳分析,笔者认为天然可再生材料淀粉有应用潜能,对素土,不同掺量的生石灰、熟石灰和淀粉改性生土进行了直接剪切试验,试验表明淀粉可用于山区生土建筑的改性,为汉中山区生土材料的改性研究提供科学参考。     

Evaluation of WARM for different establishment techniques in Jiangsu (China)

WARM is a model for rice simulation accounting for key biotic and a-biotic factors affecting quantitative and qualitative (e.g., amylose content, chalkiness) aspects of production. Although the model is used in different international contexts for yield forecasts (e.g., the EC monitoring and forecasting system) and climate change studies, it was never explicitly evaluated for transplanting, the most widespread rice establishment method especially in tropical and sub-tropical Asia. In this study, WARM was tested for its ability to reproduce nursery growth and transplanting shock, using data on direct sown and transplanted (both manual and mechanical) rice collected in 24 dedicated field experiments performed at eight sites in Jiangsu in 2011, 2012 and 2013. The agreement between measured and simulated aboveground biomass data was satisfactory for both direct sowing and transplanting: average R² of the linear regression between observed and simulated values was 0.97 for mechanical transplanting and direct sowing, and 0.99 for manual transplanting. RRMSE values ranged from 5.26% to 30.89%, with Nash and Sutcliffe modelling efficiency always higher than 0.78; no notable differences in the performance achieved for calibration and validation datasets were observed. The new transplanting algorithm – derived by extending the Oryza2000 one – allowed WARM to reproduce rice growth and development for direct sown and transplanted datasets (i) with comparable accuracy and (ii) using the same values for the parameters describing morphological and physiological plant traits. This demonstrates the reliability of the proposed transplanting simulation approach and the suitability of the WARM model for simulating rice biomass production even for production contexts where rice is mainly transplanted.     

Analysis of residuals for stability assessment of rice genotypes

The analysis of residuals computes general adaptabilities (GAs) and specific adaptabilities (SAs) of genotypes similar to combining ability analysis. The residual analysis is simple and robust being based on the first-degree statistics, and is assumption-free. A unique statistic of ratio of variances (VR) of residuals for individual genotypes allows comparing their stability. The residuals analysis of genotype × environment (GE) interactions was performed for grain yield (t ha^?1) of 25 rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes, including two developed by marker-assisted selection for root traits quantitative trait loci (QTL), tested across 16 sites. Results were compared with the linear regression analysis for (i) full set of 16 sites showing adequacy of linear model and (ii) subset of nine-poor sites showing inadequacy of linear model. There was agreement between the two analyses for situation (i) but not for situation (ii) when the regression analysis fails because of nonlinearity but the residual analysis retains its validity.     

Rapid screening of genetically modified ingredients in soybean and cotton processing by-product and waste using direct qPCR

To develop a simple and fast method for screening genetically modified ingredients from processing by-product and waste, direct quantitative PCR (qPCR) kit-Taqman which omitting multi genomic DNA preparing steps was developed in this study. A total of 18 oil crop processing by-products and wastes including 10 soybean and 8 cotton materials were collected from food processing factories. Compared with 2 commercial direct qPCR kits, conditions of DNA releasing procedure and PCR amplification were optimized. Element screening was performed at the initial step of genetically modified (GM) ingredient testing procedure via direct qPCR. GM event identification was carried out in positive samples by initial screening. Totally 5 screening elements (P–35S, T-NOS, Cp4-epsps, bar and pat) for soybean materials and 6 screening elements (P–35S, T-NOS, NPTII, Cry1Ac, bar and pat) for cotton samples were detected. In GM event identification, MON531 and MON1445 were found in cotton materials. Results were further confirmed by real-time PCR with DNA extraction and purification. The direct qPCR system proposed by this research was convenient for rapid screening and identification of GM ingredients in oil crop primary by-product and waste.     

参麦与黄芪注射液联用治疗卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎

为研究参麦与黄芪注射液联用对大鼠卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)的治疗效果,以地塞米松连续肌肉注射Wistar大鼠6周,建立PCP大鼠模型,用参麦与黄芪注射液皮下注射治疗患病大鼠,同时设复方磺胺甲恶唑(SMZ-TMP)治疗对照组和PCP模型阳性对照组。通过各组大鼠基本情况变化、肺组织印片检查包囊、肺组织病理切片染色观察组织变化,探讨其治疗效果。结果发现,参麦与黄芪注射液联用治疗后,大鼠饮食、饮水增加,活跃程度恢复,体重不同程度增加,肺印片Pc包囊数量比治疗前明显减少,肺组织炎症反应减轻,高剂量组治疗效果接近复方磺胺甲恶唑组。研究结果表明,参麦与黄芪注射液对肺孢子虫有明显的治疗作用。     

Establishment of Detection Methods for Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate in Injections by UPLC-PDA

A detection method of dexamethasone sodium phosphate in houttuynia injection,bupleurum injection,vitamin C injection,lincomycin hydrochloride injection,and asragulus polysacharin injection was established by UPLC-PDA.The Waters ACQUITY UPLC^® BEH C18 column(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7 μm) was used,the mobile phase consisted of 0.75% triethylamine phosphatic liquor/solution (pH 3.0)-methyl alcohol-acetonitrile(50:45:5),the flow rate was 0.3 mL/min,the column temperature had remained 25℃,photodiode array detector wavelength range was 190 to 400 nm,the recorded wavelength was 242 nm,the injection volume was 10 μL.The linear range of dexamethasone sodium phosphatel was 10.0 to 200.0 mg/L (R²=0.9999),the mean recovery and RSD for dexamethasone sodium phosphate in houttuynia injection,bupleurum injection,vitamin C injection,lincomycin hydrochloride injection and asragulus polysacharin injection were 97.54% and 1.14%,101.59% and 0.19%,100.92% and 0.92%,99.82% and 0.73%,100.08% and 0.62%,respectively.This method was accurate,easy and fast,it was suitable for detection of dexamethasone sodium phosphatein houttuynia injection and other four kinds of injections.     

单缸柴油机曲轴装配方式的改进设计

曲轴部件是整台柴油机的关键部件,装配质量的好坏直接影响柴油机的性能.目前单缸柴油机曲轴装配主要是手工装配,转配过程费事费力.通过重新设计工艺工装设备,使用液压静压方式,可以减少工人劳动强度、提高劳动生产率.     

某8V150型柴油机平衡轴优化设计

文章以某8V150柴油机为例,对其平衡轴进行了优化设计,使得双轴平衡机构不但能够100％的平衡二级往复惯性力,而且所设计的平衡轴尺寸小,质量轻,能够有效地消减机体的倾覆力矩,改善了发动机的振动特性,满足了设计要求.