利用人工增雨为农田需水服务的信息系统框架

针对我国北方地区水资源严重短缺、农田水分供需矛盾日益尖锐的现状 ,提出了首选人工增雨为农田补水的思路 ,并初步设计了一个利用人工增雨为农田需水服务的农田需水信息系统框架。     

Kaolin treatment to reduce pomegranate sunburn

The aim of this study was to reduce pomegranate losses due to sunburn in south-western Spain. Summer temperatures may rise above 45 °C, resulting in sunburn damage to the fruits, which may inflict losses of up to 40% of the total yield. Data were obtained in two consecutive years. Surround^® WP, a product comprising processed, refined kaolin, was sprayed over the whole canopy and fruits four times at 2–3-week intervals from mid-June to early August, the first application at 5% and the other three at 2.5%. The resulting white coating significantly reduced fruit and leaf surface temperatures relative to the control by averages of 4.9 and 2.5 °C, respectively. Sunburn damage of fruits was reduced from 21.9% in untreated control to 9.4% in the Surround WP-treated fruits.     

金昌水资源特点及供需平衡研究

本文通过建立金昌市人口与牲畜增长规律 ,第二、三产业的GDP增长率规律数学模型 ,计算出在长时间序列中的用水量持续增长状况及根据金昌市农业节水技术和城市生态规划 ,得到农业、生态用水量规划数据。根据水量平衡原理 ,分析了金昌市未来水量供需平衡问题 ,对指导金昌水资源利用 ,具有一定的现实意义。     

额济纳旗浅层地下水环境研究

通过 2 0 0 3年 4- 5月在黑河下游额济纳分两条路线 (a -a’和b -b’)采集水样 ,分析了额济纳现状水资源特征。远离河道区域水化学类型有HCO3·SO4-Na、Cl·SO4-Na·Ca、HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca和SO4·Cl-Na ;在河道附近或河道地区水化学类型主要是SO4·HCO3-Na ,类型单一 ;研究区矿化度和各离子含量随距离补给源的远近增减而升降 ,表明它们主要依赖于上游补给水量 ;同时 ,额济纳地处干旱区 ,降雨稀少 ,该区植被的生长发育主要依靠浅层地下水 ,地下水环境的改变直接导致了区域生态的变化。     

检疫害虫稻水象甲的控制技术研究进展

稻水象甲(Lissorhoptrus。oryzophilus Kuschel)是一种毁灭性的水稻害虫，也是一种重要的检疫害虫。近年来在很多省市发生为害，且发生程度不断加重并呈扩大蔓延趋势。本文概述了近年来稻水象甲大发生危害的情况及原因，深入分析了其发生规律，提出了加强植物检疫、农业防治、化学防治、生物防治、物理防治等综合治理的措施。     

Myofibrillar proteolysis in chick muscle cell cultures during heat stress

The effect of heat stress on protein oxidation and myofibrillar proteolysis in chick myotubes was investigated. Myotubes were incubated at 37 or 41°C for 6 and 24 h. Protein carbonyl content, as an index of protein oxidation, increased more at 41°C than at 37°C for 6 and 24 h incubations. N^τ‐methylhistidine release as an index of myofibrillar proteolysis also increased more at 41°C than at 37°C for 6 and 24 h incubations. Proteasome activity also increased more under those same conditions. Calpain and cathepsin D but not B + L activities showed a greater increase at 41°C than at 37°C for 24 but not the 6 h incubation. These results indicate that heat stress increases protein oxidation and proteasome activity, resulting in an increase in myofibrillar proteolysis for short‐term incubation and, for long‐term incubation, it increases calpain, proteasome and cathepsin D activities, finally accelerating myofibrillar proteolysis in chick myotubes.     

西北内陆河流域水资源利用的生态经济研究

水资源是西北内陆河流域生态环境建设和经济社会发展的控制因素,是进行各类基础设施建设的前提条件.利用生态经济学中的生态经济协调发展理论和可持续发展的思想,从生态、社会和经济3个方面对水资源开发利用的可持续性进行综合评价,找到水资源生态系统和社会经济系统的平衡点,达到生态和经济平衡,实现水资源的可持续利用.     

NaCl胁迫下高羊茅生长及K+、Na+吸收与运输的动态变化

通过室内水培试验研究探讨了NaCl胁迫对高羊茅苗期生长及K 、Na 吸收与运输的影响及其随时间的变化.结果表明,高羊茅苗期的干物质重和分蘖数随盐分水平的升高而降低,且与NaCl浓度存在极显著的负相关关系(r=-0.990 2**);NaCl胁迫对高羊茅苗期茎叶生长的抑制作用大于对根系的影响;NaCl盐浓度的增加使高羊茅地上部干物质重、K 的相对含量、K / Na 、S K / Na 吸收降低,Na 的相对含量增高;胁迫时间对K 、Na 含量的影响显著.高羊茅根系对K 的吸收具有较高的选择性,吸收选择性系数S K / Na 吸收主要受环境盐分浓度的影响,但运输选择性系数S K / Na 运输却主要受胁迫时间的影响,且盐分阈值随胁迫和生长时间的增加而呈下降趋势.     

应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术检测野猪的氟烷基因

猪应激综合征(Procine Stress Syndrome,PSS)是指猪在应激因子的作用下发生恶性高热综合症(Malignant Hyperthermia Syndrome，MHS)。试验随机选取18头纯种野猪提取基因组DNA进行聚合酶链式反应，扩增得到RYR。基因特异片段，经过HhaⅠ酶切阳性鉴定可断定这18头猪的RYR1基因都没有发生突变，因此不存在猪应激综合征问题。     

Seasonal Changes in Forage Nutrients and Mineral Contents in Water Resources,Forage and Yak Blood

This paper reports results of a study conducted to investigate the concentrations of seven mineral elements in yak blood, forage and water resources around the Qinghai Lake in Qinghai Province in different seasons. Meanwhile, the nutritional compositions of the forage were also surveyed. The results suggest that the mineral elements and the forage nutrients change in a seasonal pattern. In yak blood,the sodium(Na)concentration varies from 0.291 to 0.034 mg/mL,and this is lower than the normal value. In the forage,the ratio calcium(Ca)to phosphorus(P)is 4.06～7.47:1 and potassium(K)to Na 30～27:1. These results indicate that the nutrition of the yak in the area is deficient in Na but high in K. For the withered forage sampled in February,the protein content is only 31.14% of the total protein in the forage growing at puerile stage in June. The severe loss of protein by 68. 9% and decrease of effective nutrients in the wintered forage are considered to be the reasons resulting in the poor condition of yak in winter and spring seasons.