壳聚糖配以6-BA及PP333包衣种子对春性小麦冬前生长发育的影响

通过田间试验检测了壳聚糖（CHT）溶液及配入外源植物激素包衣种子对春性小麦冬前生长发育的影响。结果表明：用2％的CHT溶液包衣，能显著促进种子萌发及麦苗生长，配入50或100mg/L的6－BA，能明显增加单株分蘖及生物量。试验结果还表明：在2％的CHT溶液中，当PP333浓度为800mg/L时，配入50或100mg/L的6-BA对茎蘖生长发育没有增效作用，但最终均能使春性小麦形成苗壮、蘖多、抗寒性好的冬前群体；然而当PP333浓度为1200mg／L时，配入50或100mg／L的6－BA有明显的增效作用，并最终也形成苗壮、蘖多、抗寒性好的冬前群体。     

The relationship of propagule pressure to invasion potential in plants

Summary The invasive potential of a species can be assessed by propagule pressure, which measures the chances for propagules of a species to find a suitable habitat for establishment and reproduction. Seeds, fruits, and vegetative structures that contribute to the propagule pressure are morphologically, physiologically and genetically different from one another, thus each kind should have a specific way of contributing to a successful invasion. In this paper we review plant traits that contribute to the propagule pressure. Seed production provides an estimate of the potential multiplication rate of the weed. However, it is gap-sensing mechanisms of seeds based on dormancy termination and germination requirements, which significantly contribute to the naturalization and invasion processes assuring a successful seedling establishment in environments of high competition. Dispersal of propagules reduces competition, mating with a sibling, and subsequent inbreeding depression, and increases colonization opportunities and range of expansion. Some of those benefits can be achieved in a population by existence of dormancy mechanisms and thus, the existence of a seed bank. Finally, vegetative propagation may ensure expansion of local populations when seedling establishment is low. Broadening the scope of traits that are considered in the breeding programs aimed at commercial production of plant propagules, to include those related to propagule pressure, is essential for adequate evaluation of invasive potential.     

高温胁迫对番茄种子萌发的影响

当温度高于 2 5℃时 ,随温度上升 ,番茄种子活力下降 ;33℃时 ,种子的萌发在前 6d受到抑制 ,7d后萌发率上升 ;在35℃时 ,种子萌发几乎完全被抑制。在 30℃萌发的种子中 SOD和 POD活性较高 ,33℃萌发种子中的蛋白质含量较 2 5℃和30℃处理的高     

几种化学物质浸种对辣椒种子发芽力的影响

用不同浓度的硼砂、钼酸铵、氯化钙及赤霉素溶液浸种，结果表明：Ｂ．Ｍｏ可不同程度地提高辣椒种子的发芽力，均以０．３ｇ／Ｌ的浸种效果较好，且Ｍｏ的效果优于Ｂ；Ｃａ也可提高辣椒种子的发芽力，在４．０￣１６．０ｇ／Ｌ的范围内，发芽高峰值及发芽值随浓度的增大而增加；赤霉素则抑制辣椒种子的萌发。     

大豆重组自交系群体荚粒性状的QTL分析

利用大豆重组自交系soy01群体中的255个家系进行2年田间试验，采用两种作图方法，寻找一粒荚、四粒荚、每荚粒数等5个荚粒性状稳定的QTL。结果表明，利用区间作图法，2年共找到24个荚粒性状QTL，解释的遗传变异为5%~80%；利用复合区间作图法，2年共找到27个荚粒性状QTL，解释的遗传变异为4%~73%。利用复合区间作图法，2年找到2个重复出现、稳定的四粒荚QTL和2个每荚粒数QTL，为大豆荚粒性状QTL的精细定位和分子标记辅助育种提供了基础和依据。     

黑龙江实生桑种子次生休眠原因的初步研究

从种皮透性、胚的发育、是否存在萌发抑制物等方面，对产于黑龙江省的实生桑种子休眠原因进行了研究，初步认为，胚的生理性休眠是实生桑种子休眠的主要原因。     

药剂处理对瓜尔豆种子低温萌发和活力的影响

用不同的药剂分别在20℃、15℃条件下浸泡瓜尔豆种子24h，放入15℃的发芽箱中发芽。结果表明：400ml／kg乙烯利、10mg／kgAMP、20mg／kg6-BAl5℃浸种显著或极显著的提高种子活力，促使种子低温萌发；而20℃浸种时对种子萌发没有显著影响。0．1％水杨酸钠在15℃条件下能显著提高种子的发芽率，较长时间的维持种子活力。0．1％甲醛处理完全杀死种子。20mg／kgIAA20℃浸种、30mg／kg2，4-D15℃浸种抑制种子的萌发。200ml／kgCCC、500mg／kgGA3、0．1mol／LKNO3、25ml／kg肌醇15℃或20℃浸种效果均不明显。     

种子自然老化时蛋白质类型的变化

许多作物种子,在收获后的贮藏过程中,往往使活力下降或丧失种子活力,既影响了农业生产又降低了人们食用的价值。由于种子活力的重要性,吸引不少研究者从不同的角度进行研究,目前获得了许多与种子活力有关的生理生化指标。但是影响种子活力的一个重要方面     

叶底珠种子形态与组分研究

对叶底珠种子形态特征和内含物组分含量进行了研究测定。结果表明：①叶底珠种子呈蒜瓣状，种皮棕色，角质，稍具光泽，属双子叶有胚乳种子。种子长宽厚大小为2．21mm×1．67mm×1．52mm，单粒重3．14mg。②叶底珠种子发芽率为99％，是子叶出土幼苗，种子萌发所需时间较短，从浸种到萌发，水培、24℃恒温箱中大约需3d；土培、室温约需7d。③叶底珠种子粗脂肪含量为37．12％，明显高于可溶性糖（0．0603％）、淀粉（3．5703％）、游离氨基酸（0．0933％）、蛋白质（12．16％）等其它内含物的含量，还含有Fe、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn等多种矿质元素，且Ca、Mg含量明显高于其它矿质元素。     

Origin,classification, variation and distribution of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) in the light of Cuban material

Summary Recent collecting activities have shown that Cuba is rich in plant genetic resources of lima beans. Seed characters of 173 Cuban accessions were measured. Principal component analysis and discriminant factor analysis were used to compare the accessions, which could be classified into seven groups: wild, weed, Potato, Potato-Sieva, Sieva, Sieva-Big Lima, Big Lima. The Sieva type is the principal group of Cuba. It has arrived to Cuba in pre-Columbian times via the Antilles arc. After the Conquest the Potato type was introduced from Central America. Introgressive hybridization with the Sieva group led to the intermediate Potato-Sieva type, whereas the Sieva-Big Lima type resulted from selection toward larger seeds within the Sieva group. The Big Lima type was introduced relatively late. Cuba occupies a key position in the distribution of Lima beans within the Americas and also to the Old World.