社会转型期广东省大学生生活方式调查研究*

目的：探讨广东省大学生生活方式现状,分析其特点及社会学原因。方法：采用自制的大学生生活方式问卷,调查了广东省12所高校2136名大学生。结果：广东省大学生生活方式总均分为3.55±0.42。生活方式7个维度中,得分居前的是生命欣赏和饮食营养两个维度,居后的是运动锻炼和性健康两个维度。结论：（1）广东省大学生活方式总体处于中等水平;（2）性别、是否独生子女对大学生生活方式总得分均无显著影响,但在具体维度上存在影响;（3）从大一到大三,大学生生活方式呈下降趋势,但大四时有所回升;（4）家庭收入、居住地、父母文化程度对子女生活方式存在有限影响。     

基于RFID管理模式的高校图书馆馆员角色转换探析

无线射频识别技术(RFID)的实施,使图书馆实现了智能化和自动化管理,在此新的管理模式下,图书馆的馆员角色需要重新定位。本文介绍了RFID自助借还系统的优势,分析、探讨了新技术环境下图书馆馆员角色的转换。     

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺链构象转变以及溶剂化效应的分子动力学模拟

应用分子动力学方法模拟了聚合度为100的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺分子链在真空和稀水溶液中的构象转变。可以观察到分子链在500K下逐渐发生蜷缩,末端距下降,与实验现象定性一致。此外,研究结果还表明,随着温度的升高,高分子链重复结构单元NiPA上(C)O和(N)H基团均发生明显的去溶剂化作用,且高分子链段间发生聚集。     

Coexistence of anadromous and lacustrine life histories of the shirauo, Salangichthys microdon

The environmental history of the shirauo, Salangichthys microdon, was examined in terms of strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) uptake in the otolith, by means of wavelength dispersive X‐ray spectrometry on an electron microprobe. Anadromous and lacustrine type of the shirauo were found to occur sympatric. Otolith Sr concentration or Sr : Ca ratios of anadromous shirauo fluctuated strongly along the life‐history transect in accordance with the migration (habitat) pattern from sea to freshwater. In contrast, the Sr concentration or the Sr : Ca ratios of lacustrine shirauo remained at consistently low levels throughout the otolith. The higher ratios in anadromous shirauo, in the otolith region from the core to 90–230 μm, corresponded to the initial sea‐going period, probably reflecting the ambient salinity or the seawater–freshwater gradient in Sr concentration. The findings clearly indicated that otolith Sr : Ca ratios reflected individual life histories, enabling these anadromous shirauo to be distinguished from lacustrine shirauo.     

Diving behavior of immature, feeding Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus orientalis) in relation to season and area: the East China Sea and the Kuroshio–Oyashio transition region

Twenty‐four archival tags were recovered from Pacific bluefin tuna previously released off Tsushima Island in the East China Sea. By analysis of the time‐series data of the pressure and the ambient and internal temperature from the 24 tags, we examined the relationship between the tuna's pattern of diving and the thermocline depth. In the East China Sea, diving and feeding events occurred throughout almost the entire day in both winter and summer, suggesting that the purpose of diving is for feeding. In summer, the feeding frequency was greater than that in winter, which corresponds to the fact that growth is more rapid in summer than in winter. During summer in the Kuroshio–Oyashio transition region, on the other hand, feeding events were much more frequent than those in the East China Sea, in spite of a lower diving frequency. The mean horizontal distance traveled was also significantly higher and it seems that in this area they may move horizontally to feed on prey accumulated at the surface. We conclude that, in addition to the ambient temperature structure, the vertical and horizontal distribution of prey species plays an important role in the feeding behavior of Pacific bluefin tuna. One bluefin tuna migrated to the Oyashio frontal area, where both the horizontal and the vertical thermal gradients are much steeper. The fish spent most of the time on the warmer side of the front and often traveled horizontally to the colder side during the day, perhaps to feed. This implies that there is a thermal barrier effect, in this case from the Oyashio front, on their behavior. The frequency of feeding events was low, although all the monitored fish dived every dawn and dusk, irrespective of the seasons or location. It is possible that these twice‐daily diving patterns occurred in response to the change in ambient light at sunrise and sunset.     

梯度铁电薄膜性质研究

以二级相变铁电材料为例,利用推广的Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire（GLD）理论,研究不均匀结构对梯度铁电薄膜性质的影响.结果表明：退极化场对于两层薄膜中间的极化影响较小,而在薄膜的两端处影响最大;梯度铁电薄膜的平均极化随膜厚按线性规律变化;在接近相变温度时,自发极化消失,梯度铁电薄膜的这一现象与铁电材料的性质相同.在外场不等于零的情况下,得到的梯度铁电薄膜的电滞回线中心对称.     

海洋渔业转型系统的构建及运行机制分析

海洋渔业转型系统的构建是一个复杂的工程，主要由原因子系统、动力子系统、支持子系统和目标子系统四部分构成，各子系统之间相互作用，相互制约，维护着系统的稳定性。当然，要保证整个系统的顺利运行还需要一系列的保障条件，主要包括物质资本、人力资本、风险、技术、环境、社会服务及政府政策等各方面的保障因素，各个方面都影响着转型的每一个环节和每一个过程。     

非瞬时或突变的马尔可夫链的一种应用方法

介绍对于一种非瞬时或突变的状态转移过程.采用Bayes方法修订马尔可夫过程的状态转移概率矩阵;将先验概率分布修订为后验概率分布;对整个过程的信息加以吸收,得出能够反映整个过程的状态转移概率矩阵,从而达到预测目的.由此还得出一个重要结论:吸收信息的无序性.     

过渡地区休眠暖地型草坪草交播技术与展望

本文对我国过渡地区暖地型草坪草冬季交播技术,如交播概念、原理、草坪类型、草种选择、草种播种量及交播草坪建植与管理进行了详细介绍,以期为过渡地区建植四季长绿草坪提供技术上的支持。