GVF Snake模型在木材表面缺陷分割的应用研究

针对木材表面存在纹理、凹凸结构、边缘颗粒和弱边缘等特点,对其直接运用Snake模型进行分割难以得到有效边缘提取,因此提出运用改进的GVF Snake模型和维纳滤波相结合对其进行分割。首先对木材图像进行维纳滤波使得纹理变得平缓,同时可以使得缺陷边缘得到有效保留,再对其进行GVF Snake模型分割。该算法对初始轮廓的选择敏感度降低,拓展性增强,可以使得轮廓曲线更加快速地收敛到缺陷边缘,避免陷入局部最优现象,提高对弱边缘和凹凸图像分割效果,分割结果更加清晰、连贯,具有良好的实时性。为木材表面缺陷的分割提供一种更为有效的方法,拓宽了snake模型的应用范围。     

Possibilities for energy wood procurement in north-west Russia: Assessment of energy wood resources in the Leningrad region

Abstract

Methodology to assess the potential for energy wood procurement in Russia is described in this article and applied to the Leningrad region. Wood from thinnings, logging residues, non-industrial roundwood and residues from sawmilling are considered as sources for energy production. Energy wood available in the region, based on the 2004 actual cut, is approximately 4 million m³. Nearly 86% of this is non-industrial roundwood and felling residues, and 14% is by-products from sawmilling. Almost two-thirds of the non-industrial roundwood and felling residues are in cutting areas and one-third is in central processing yards. Deciduous tree species (birch and aspen) dominate in energy wood, representing about 65% of the total amount of felling residues and non-industrial wood. It is possible to intensify utilization of forest resources and thereby also to increase the use of wood in energy production. The total amount could be 54% higher if the allowable cut was fully utilized and 124% higher if thinnings were also utilized completely. There are, however, significant intraregional differences, as the current rate of utilization of forest resources varies in the region.     

桉树木材旋切单板质量以及制造胶合板工艺的研究

对福建省主要桉树木材材性及其旋切单板厚度偏差、背面裂隙率进行检测分析,探讨木材旋切单板的适应性和制造胶合板的工艺并采用正交法优选最佳工艺参数。结果表明:尾叶桉单板背面裂隙率和单板厚度变动系数比尾巨桉小,尾叶桉用于旋切1.5 mm厚度单板质量较佳。尾叶桉木材制造胶合板较佳工艺参数:热压温度为130℃、单位压力为1.4 MPa、热压时间为1.35 min·mm-1、涂胶量为320 g·m-2。工艺条件对板材性能均有影响,桉树木材龄级对板材性能影响显著,随着桉树龄级的增大,板材性能有较大幅度提高,特别是静曲强度、弹性模量影响最为明显。     

数字图像处理技术在木材微观结构研究中的应用概况

对木材微观结构的研究始终是木质材料学发展的难点，数字图像处理技术的引入不仅带来了对此问题的高效解决方案，更展示出了广阔的研究前景，分析并总结了国内外该项技术在木材微观结构研究中的进展和应用。     

基于ANSYS的木质基复合材料的静力学分析

采用有限元软件ANSYS对木质基复合板进行静力分析,分析其在加载过程中的位移和应力等情况,得出材料的变形及受力规律,以便人们在板的制作过程中对其大应力及大位移区做特殊处理,保证在使用过程中不因结构的部分失效而影响整个结构的工作。本文中分别就不同铺层方向四层结构复合板以及相同铺层方向单、四层等厚度板分别建立模型,并在相同受力与约束情况下进行静力学分析,得出一些对生产实际具有指导意义的结论。     

电工层压木中如何提高单板出板率

电工层压木板是一种新型绝缘材料,并早已被大规模用于变压器、互感器等电气制造业;它具有与变压器油相容性好、介损低、变形小等优点。本文主要介绍了在电工层压木板生产中单板出板率是一个重要经济指标并较详细地分析了其提高单板出板率的原理及工艺流程。     

新中国成立后木结构建筑的发展概况

从科学发展观的角度回顾了新中国成立后木结构建筑的发展概况。     

速生杉木为基材的水曲柳薄木贴面初步研究

以速生杉木为基材，水曲柳薄木为贴面材料，用脲醛树脂粘剂（UF）和聚醋酸乙烯醋乳液胶（PVAc）按一定比例混合后作为胶粘剂，热压贴面胶合，对温度和时间与巾面效果的关系进行了研究。结果表明：①用UF与PVAC比例混合的胶粘剂，在生杉木上进行水曲柳薄木贴面是可行的；②热压温度和时间对贴面效果的影响都是极显著的，并得到了一种较理想的薄木贴面热压工艺。     

Fungicidal activity of beta-thujaplicin analogues

The fungicidal activity of analogues of beta-thujaplicin, a natural product responsible for the durability of heartwood of several cupressaceous trees, was investigated in vitro on the growth of different white and brown rot fungi involved in wood biodegradation, Coriolus versicolor, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Poria placenta and Gloephyllum trabeum. The study shows that 2-hydroxycyclohepta-2,4,6-trienone (tropolone), easily prepared according to a literature procedure, possesses interesting fungicidal activity when compared to beta-thujaplicin, azaconazole, tebuconazole and copper oxine, which suggests this compound should be examined further as a potential biocide for wood preservation.     

分子生物学技术在松材线虫研究中的应用

根据松材线虫(Bursaphlenchus xylophilus)分子生物学的研究基础,以及基于不同的研究目的,对松材线虫不同DNA区域,包括基因组DNA、线粒体DNA、核糖体DNA和卫星DNA研究做了综述,并分析、比较一些常用的分子生物学技术在松材线虫研究中的适用性,以及在生物防治研究中的进展。