油气田管道HDPE内衬技术的应用

随着国内外油气田的深度开发,介质工况愈发复杂苛刻,高密度聚乙烯(High Density Polyethylene,HDPE)内衬技术是控制油气田地面集输系统及注水系统腐蚀泄漏、延长管道服役寿命的重要措施之一。基于等径压缩HDPE管的内衬原理,结合国内外标准规范,从设计、施工、经济性3方面进行对比分析,提出了HDPE内衬管的材料性能要求、HDPE内衬技术的适用工况、内衬管与基管的结合形式、放空口设计原则,以及基于安装和存储最小壁厚、内衬层稳定性和抗塌陷强度三个方面确定的HDPE内衬管壁厚。对比了不同HDPE内衬管技术的接头形式,提出优先考虑法兰连接方式。介绍了HDPE内衬技术的施工安装工序和热煨弯头内衬的形式,并对施工质量控制关键点和要求进行总结。对比不同油气田管道选材方案的经济性,以期推动HDPE内衬管在油气田管道的应用,从而更好地解决管道腐蚀泄漏问题。     

用模糊灰色理论评价管道腐蚀与防护态势

针对油气管道腐蚀与防护态势的构成因素,提出了一种模糊综合评价埋地管道腐蚀与防护态势的新方法.以土壤腐蚀性、原始管地电位、防腐层技术状态及阴极保护的有效性四项指标来判断其腐蚀与防护的综合势态,同时确定了各因素的计算方法,阐明了该方法的基本原理及实施程序,并用算例说明了该方法的具体应用.     

长输管道钢管防腐驻厂监造

介绍了我国工程建设管理体制的变化和监造的定义、作用、地位、职能和工作模式 ,分析了我国长输管道钢管防腐驻厂监造的发展现状。结合实际监造工作经验 ,阐明了驻厂监造的必要性和重要意义 ,根据工作现状提出了一些建议     

熔结环氧覆盖层在津京输油管道上的应用

针对民航津京输油管道工程所经地带水网发达、腐蚀环境恶劣的特点，决定选择熔结环氧覆盖层作为防腐覆盖层。介绍了该管道从钢管的工厂预制防腐技术到施工现场的补口技术。在施工完成几年后，选择该工程中腐蚀环境比较恶劣的管道段管道阴极保护测试，测试结果表明，熔结环氧覆盖层具有优越的防腐性能，使得镁阳极和锌阳极的使用寿命得到了相应的延长。     

金属腐蚀速度的计算机辅助测定(Ⅰ)数值实验研究

研究了在极化曲线测定的基础上，采用最优化方法测定腐蚀参数的方法，选用了３种非线性拟合的方法（高斯牛顿法、麦夸特法及离散型拉氏变换法），用能产生指定标准偏差的极化曲线模拟数值实验，对３种方法的实用性，从标准偏差、测量点的位置和数目、体系转移系数值等对方法的收敛性和计算结果的影响进行了考察．     

E52-9环保型导静电防腐涂料的研制

针对大型石油储罐内防腐施工中存在易燃气体浓度超标、露点影响区覆盖层的附着力下降、油罐焊缝部位的腐蚀等问题，研制出了一种新型的E52—9环保型导静电防腐涂料，从成膜基料、无毒溶剂、抗静电剂及导电填料、E52多功能环氧树脂固化剂等方面详细介绍了该涂料的组成及特性，该涂料的应用可有效克服油罐内防腐施工中存在的问题。     

利用模糊数学综合评价天然气管道的内腐蚀

通过对管道内腐蚀程度进行定量评价,了解管道的内腐蚀情况,是管道剩余强度评价、剩余寿命预测以及可靠性分析的基础.提出了利用模糊数学综合评价方法对天然气管道内腐蚀程度进行综合评价的具体方法,并通过应用实例验证了该评价方法的可行性.     

Effect of Reinforced-Concrete Deterioration on Structures

s:It is proposed that the research of the structural durability is necessary considering the structural damages under the effect of deterioration of reinforced concrete. The most common reasons, which cause the deterioration of structures in China, are reinforcement corrosion and freeze thaw cycles of concrete. Based on the summarizing of research works of the effect of reinforced concrete deterioration on structures, it is indicated that the structural durability research should be carried out either in view of material science or that of structural science, and should be also considered the interaction of several factors with uncertain nature instead of the determined individual factor analysis. The structural durability of serviceable should be paid much more attention while researching the durability of structural capacity. The effect of reinforced concrete deterioration on structural capacity, rigidity and durability should be researched henceforth.     

Laboratory study of SO2 dry deposition on limestone and marble: Effects of humidity and surface variables

The dry deposition of gaseous air pollutants on stone and other materials is influenced by atmospheric processes and the chemical characteristics of the deposited gas species and of the specific receptor material. Previous studies have shown that relative humidity, surface moisture, and acid buffering capability of the receptor surface are very important factors. To better quantify this behavior, a special recirculating wind tunnel/environmental chamber was constructed, in which wind speed, turbulence, air temperature, relative humidity, and concentrations of several pollutants (SO₂, O₃, nitrogen oxides) can be held constant. An airfoil sample holder holds up to eight stone samples (3.8 cm in diameter and 1 cm thick) in nearly identical exposure conditions. SO₂ deposition on limestone was found to increase exponentially with increasing relative humidity (RH). Marble behaves similarly, but with a much lower deposition rate. Trends indicate there is little deposition below 20% RH on clean limestone and below 60% RH on clean marble. This large difference is due to the limestone's greater porosity, surface roughness, and effective surface area. These results indicate surface variables generally limit SO₂ deposition below about 70% RH on limestone and below at least 95% RH on marble. Aerodynamic variables generally limit deposition at higher relative humidity or when the surface is wet.     

用丝束电极研究亚硝酸钠对低碳钢缝隙腐蚀的影响

在5％NaCl溶液和5％NaCl＋5％NaNO2溶液中，采用丝束电极技术测量了低砖、钢缝隙内、外的自腐蚀电位和电化学阻抗谱，研究了亚硝酸钠对低碳钢缝隙腐蚀的影响．结果表明，在5％NaCl溶液中，缝隙内的碳钢为阳极、缝隙外为阴极；随浸泡时间增加，腐蚀不均匀性增加．加入5％NaNO2后，缝隙内外的腐蚀电位都正移，电位差减小，碳钢的腐蚀速度显著降低．亚硝酸钠使碳钢表面形成致密氧化膜，有效抑制了碳钢的缝隙腐蚀．