十二烷基硫酸钠对大豆基木材胶黏剂的改性作用

采用10.0g·kg^-1的十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）改性质量分数为250.0g·kg^-1的大豆粉浆液,制成SDS改性大豆基木材胶黏剂（SF）,运用单因素和正交试验法考察了pH值、反应温度和反应时间对改性SF胶耐水胶合强度的影响。试验结果表明,SDS改性大豆基木材胶黏剂的最佳工艺：pH8,反应温度35℃,反应时间4h。改性后的SF胶Ⅱ类耐水胶合强度为0.70MPa。由红外光谱分析可知,SDS改性使大豆蛋白质分子大量的非极性基团外露,增加了蛋白质分子的疏水性,提高了改性SF胶的耐水胶合强度。图4表3参10     

蛋壳粉少量替代石粉对蛋鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质及钙代谢的影响

【目的】研究蛋壳粉少量替代石粉对蛋鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质和钙代谢的影响。【方法】试验选择80只180日龄的健康山麻鸭蛋鸭,随机分为两组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只蛋鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮基础上,用2 g蛋壳粉取代饲料中等量的钙添加量。试验为期56 d,试验期间检测蛋鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质、钙沉积量、血液中钙磷含量和钙代谢相关激素水平等指标。【结果】试验组平均蛋重、蛋壳强度和蛋白高度均显著高于对照组,表明添加蛋壳粉能明显提高蛋品质量。试验组蛋壳钙沉积量、血磷含量和血浆甲状旁腺素水平显著高于对照组,试验组血钙含量为4.74(±1.17)μmol/mL,极显著高于对照组的2.79(±1.00)μmol/mL,表明蛋壳粉更有利于钙沉积,能明显提高血液中钙磷含量和甲状旁腺素水平。【结论】蛋壳粉少量替代石粉可促进蛋鸭钙吸收代谢和蛋壳钙沉积,提高平均蛋重,改善蛋品质。     

2种离子固化剂改善黄土抗剪强度和抗渗性的研究

为了探讨CONAID和LUKANG 2种离子固化剂的固土性能及其影响因素,对不同固化剂掺量、养护龄期、压实度和含水率的固化黄土进行了直剪试验和渗透试验.研究结果表明:随着固化荆掺量、养护龄期和压实度增大,2种固化土的内摩擦角和黏聚力呈上升趋势,渗透系数呈下降趋势,且规律比较接近.其中LUKANG固化剂对黄土抗剪强度和抗渗性的改善效果优于CONAID固化荆.建议在施工过程中选用LUKANG固化剂,掺量宜取0.01%.为了达到更好的抗剪和抗渗效果,应尽量延长固化土的养护龄期,增加压实度.     

Differences in swimbladder volume between Baltic and Norwegian spring-spawning herring: Consequences for mean target strength

Fish swimbladders, where present, contribute most to the scattering of sound by fish, as measured by the target strength (TS). The volumes of the swimbladders of two different European stocks of Atlantic herring were compared to consider the effect on estimates of TS. Swimbladder volumes of Baltic and Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) were measured, together with individual herring fat content. Swimbladder volumes were found to differ significantly between the two herring stocks. Baltic herring have a larger swimbladder volume, which is suggested to be associated with the fish's low fat content, which in turn may be linked to its specific energy budget and the low salinity of the Baltic Sea. A buoyancy model that considered the different salinity conditions and fat proportions was used to evaluate the observed differences in swimbladder volume. The swimbladder volume data were subsequently used to model the mean target strength as a function of depth and growth pattern. Backscattering of the swimbladder was modelled using the modal-series-based deformed-cylinder model (MSB-DCM), describing the swimbladder as a gas-filled, elongated prolate spheroid. The fish body component was modelled as a fluid-filled ellipsoid using the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). Modelling results support a different TS-to-size relationship for Baltic herring, with a stronger echo, due to the larger swimbladder. Depth- and length-dependent TS relationships based on the model results are suggested.     

真空堆载联合预压法在某工程中的应用分析

本文通过对某工程孔隙水压力及水平位移资料的观测，分析了通过真空一堆载联合预压法加固软上地基，土颗粒所受侧压力、渗流力、抗剪力的变化，揭示了真空一堆载联合预压法在地基水平位移方面的相互作用．以及地下水位的变化对其加固效果的影响。     

鸡蛋蛋壳品质的营养调控研究进展

蛋壳质量是商品蛋及种蛋生产与销售的重要影响因素。文章从蛋壳的形成及其品质衡量指标入手,从矿物质、维生素、蛋白质和糖类及其相关物质、生物活性物质等方面对鸡蛋蛋壳品质的调控进行综述,以期为生产中进行蛋壳品质调控提供参考。     

毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的变异及与气干密度的关系

将毛竹轴向分段(4段)、径向分层(6层)取样,研究其顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的变异规律,顺纹抗拉性质与气干密度之间的关系.结果表明:毛竹的顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的径向变异很大,不同位置竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量为8.49～32.49 GPa,最外层竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量约是最内层的3～4倍;不同位置顺竹材顺纹抗强度在115.94～328.15 MPa之间,最外层竹材的顺纹抗强度是最内层的2～3倍.用直线方程预测毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的效果略优于曲线方程的效果.     

煤矸石在矿区公路路面基层的应用

在矿区道路建设中，煤矸石可以做路面基层材料使用。本文通过对黑龙江省七台河市主要矿区煤矸石基本物理力学性能的研究，并结合了实际工程探讨了煤矸石在公路基层应用中的问题。实践表明，道路建设中利用煤矸石在技术上是可行的，并具有明显的经济和社会效益。     

胶合板胶合效果评价方法探讨

现行胶合板标准采用传统的胶合强度指标(含木破率)评判胶合板的胶合性能具有一定的局限性。本文通过对胶合板胶合强度的分析和胶合界面的观察，包括显微观察，提出以胶合有效性、木材破坏率和胶合层剪切弹性模量或其综合评分为衡量指标，是评判胶合板胶合效果较为客观的方法。