表面半位错环能量修正系数的计算

从弹性位错理论出发,介绍了表面半位错环的弹性自能,通过位错环产生的应力场,给出了表面半位错环的能量修正系数及计算结果.认为所给出的其弹性自能的精确表达式是分析位错从材料表面生成的理论基础.     

Magnetic field effect on the fluorescence properties of two metal(II) complexes based on 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltrithio-tri-acetate

Two metal (Ⅱ) complexes based on 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltrithio-tri-acetate exhibit similar (6,3)-connected 2D layer with kgd topology. Negative and positive magnetic field effects (MFEs) on the fluorescence properties of the Mn(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) complexes are observed, respectively.     

泡生法制备蓝宝石缺陷产生机理及改进方法分析

指出了在采用泡生法制备蓝宝石晶体的过程中,常见的晶体缺陷主要有位错、杂质原子及色心、气泡与空腔、晶体裂纹等。缺陷的产生极大影响了晶体的光学性能和使用性能,因此对于晶体缺陷产生机理的研究很有必要。分析表明:通过改善晶体生长的物质条件和工艺条件可有效降低晶体中各种缺陷的产生,对于生长大尺寸、高质量蓝宝石晶体具有重要意义。     

Morphological Changes and Function of Calcium Oxalate Crystals in Eddo Roots in Hydroponic Solution Containing Calcium at Various Concentrations

Abstract

Morphological changes and function of calcium oxalate crystals in eddo roots in hydroponic solution containing calcium at various concentrations were investigated. Bundles of needle-shaped crystals in crystal idioblasts were tubularly arranged in the peripheral part of cortex in the apical zone of primary roots. Under scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, crystals in the idioblasts of roots cultured in 1 mM calcium nitrate solution were larger than those in 0 mM calcium solution but smaller than those in the solutions containing either 15 mM calcium nitrate or 15 mM calcium chloride. The number and area of crystal bundles in the sections of the apical zone in 1 mM calcium nitrate solution were significantly larger than those in 0 mM calcium solution and smaller than those in the solutions containing 15 mM calcium. The calcium mapping image obtained by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry showed that the amount of calcium in crystal idioblasts was increased with increasing calcium concentration in the solutions. However, the weight percentage of calcium per cortex parenchyma cell in root apical zone did not vary significantly with the concentration of calcium in the solutions. In the root zone apart from the root apex having no crystals, the weight percentage of calcium per cortex parenchyma cell in the solutions containing 15 mM calcium was significantly higher than that in either 0 mM calcium or 1 mM calcium nitrate solution. These results suggested that the crystals in the tubular arrangement participated in the regulation of calcium levels in the apical zone of primary roots.     

苏云金芽胞杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白Cry7Ba1溶解性分子改良

苏云金芽胞杆菌（Bacillus thuringiensis）杀虫晶体蛋白Cry7Ba1需要在强碱性缓冲液中（pH12.5）才能溶解,而且只有溶解后才能对小菜蛾（Plutella xvlostella）表现出毒力,其LC50为1.33μg/mL。分别用Cry1Ac和Cry1C晶体蛋白的C-半段替换Cry7Ba1的C-半段,结果发现当Cry7Ba1的C-半段被替换后,重组晶体蛋白与Cry1Ac和Cry1C等其它晶体蛋白一样在弱碱性条件下（pH9.5）能有效溶解,而且重组晶体蛋白对小菜蛾的杀虫活性没有发生明显变化,其LC50分别为1.32和1.39μg/mL。结果还显示重组晶体蛋白不需要经过体外溶解就能对小菜蛾表现出杀虫活性。研究结果揭示Cry7Ba1晶体蛋白难溶的特性是由其C-半段结构决定的,通过改变其C-半段结构改善溶解性,为该晶体蛋白在害虫生物防治中的应用提供了可能。     

马齿苋中草酸钙晶体形态及积累特征

马齿苋(Portulaca oleracea L.)是营养价值较高的常用野生蔬菜,含有丰富的矿质元素,但目前人们对其钙养分的存在状态还缺乏认识,因此本研究对马齿苋茎和叶进行了显微观察,以了解马齿苋是否含有固定钙的草酸钙晶体以及晶体的积累特征。结果表明,马齿苋积累的草酸钙晶体,属于簇晶类型,直径为25~50μm;分布于茎的髓部和叶的叶肉组织中,叶中晶体多,每1 mm²叶片约含有287个晶体,而茎中含晶体少,每1 mm²茎横切面上只含有26多个晶体。叶中的草酸总含量、可溶性草酸和不溶性草酸含量均高于茎中,草酸分布模式与草酸钙晶体分布模式一致。显然,由于草酸钙晶体的积累,马齿苋中的钙相当一部分以难溶状态存在。     

The Research about Single-crystal Casts Made by the Technology of Directional Solidification

Single-crystal casts are obtained with the technology of directional solidification, The reasonable technique is discussed and the growing process of single crystal is analyzed.     

Bt杀虫晶体蛋白的研究概述

苏云金芽孢杆菌 (Bt)杀虫晶体蛋白对许多农业害虫有很高的活性。许多试验表明Bt晶体蛋白之间具有协同增效作用 ,蛋白的混配比单一的蛋白具有更高的活性。本文对Bt杀虫晶体蛋白分类方法、蛋白活性以及蛋白之间的协同作用进行综述。     

断裂错动与水作用下的地层位移及应力变化

[目的]在断裂活动和地下水位变化条件下,对地裂缝上下盘地层的沉降位移与应力变化进行分析,为深入研究地裂缝的形成机理提供参考。[方法]以北京市高丽营地区地裂缝为研究背景原型,基于其活动特征,分析了该地裂缝的发育与断裂构造及地下水水位变化之间的关系,并运用数值模拟方法分别研究了两种诱因作用下模型地层的沉降位移及土体内部应力的变化规律。[结果]断裂错动作用下,地裂缝上盘土层的沉降变形响应程度大于下盘,地表竖向位移变化曲线近似呈反"S"形态,且上盘应力降低区的范围大于下盘应力增强区的范围;地层沉降量随地下水位的下降而不断增加,其土体应力变化曲线呈"中心对称"。[结论]断裂两侧附近的土体沉降位移和应力变化的差异较明显,且差异沉降与水位降深呈正相关,地下水位下降易诱发地裂缝的影响范围是上盘45m和下盘35m,研究成果可为地裂缝灾害地区的防灾减灾提供科学的理论依据。