Rapid mapping of candidate genes for cold tolerance in Oryza rufipogon Griff. by QTL-seq of seedlings

Cold stress is a major problem in rice production. To rapidly identify genes for cold tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice(DWR, Oryza rufipogon Griff.), sequencing-based bulked segregant analysis of QTL-seq method was used to resequence the extremely resistant(R) and susceptible(S) bulks of a backcross inbred lines(BILs) population(derived from Oryza sativa×O. rufipogon) and their parents. Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)-index graphs and corresponding Δ(SNPindex) graphs(at 99 and 95% confidence levels) for R-and S-bulks detected a total of 2 609 candidate SNPs, including 58 candidate cold-tolerance genes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that 5 out of the 58 candidate genes had significant differences in expression between O. sativa and O. rufipogon. Structural variation and functional annotations of the 5 candidate genes were also analyzed, and allowed us to identify 2 insertion-deletion(InDel) markers(12-7 and 12-16) that were linked with candidate genes on chromosome 12 in DWR. These results are helpful for cloning and using cold tolerance genes from common wild rice in cultivated rice.     

Pharmacokinetics and effects on clinical and physiological parameters following a single bolus dose of propofol in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

The objectives of this study were (a) to establish a population pharmacokinetic model and (b) to investigate the clinical and physiological effects of a single bolus dose of propofol in common marmosets. In Study 1, pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in six marmosets under sevoflurane anaesthesia. 8 mg/kg of propofol was administrated at a rate of 4 mg kg^?1 min^?1. Blood samples were collected 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 or 180 min after starting propofol administration. Plasma concentration was measured, and population pharmacokinetic modelling was performed. A two‐compartment model was selected as the final model. The population pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: V₁ = 1.14 L, V₂ = 77.6 L, CL₁ = 0.00182 L/min, CL₂ = 0.0461 L/min. In Study 2, clinical and physiological parameters were assessed and recorded every 2 min after 12 mg/kg of propofol was administrated at a rate of 4 mg kg^?1 min^?1. Immobilization was sustained for 5 min following propofol administration without apparent bradycardia. While combination of propofol and sevoflurane caused apnoea in Study 1, apnoea was not observed following single administration of propofol in Study 2. These data provide bases for further investigation on intravenous anaesthesia using propofol in common marmosets.     

小麦及其部分近缘种属Puroindolines蛋白的分离与检测*

通过对104份普通小麦（Tritium aestivum）及其近缘种属材料puroindolines蛋白（包括PinA和PinB）的初步研究，提出一种改进的Urea-SDS-PAGE凝胶系统用于此蛋白的分离和检测。结果表明，和普通的SDS-PAGE相比，可以清晰地分开PinA和PinB，分辨率较高，检测效果较好。改进的凝胶系统也可用于其它蛋白，特别是小分子量且等电点和分子量相近蛋白组分的分离和检测。在所分析的材料中，普通小麦的PinA和PinB蛋白变异较丰富，斯卑尔脱小麦（T.aestivum ssp．spelta）、密穗小麦（T.aestivum ssp．compactum）、西藏半野生小麦（T.aestivum ssp．tibeticum）和山羊草（Aegilops tauschii）中未发现变异；野生二粒小麦（T.turgidum var．dicoccides）、长穗偃麦草（Thinopyrum elongamm）未检测出puroindolines蛋白。     

Increased abundance of patatins,lipoxygenase and miraculins in a thaxtomin A-habituated potato Russet Burbank somaclone with enhanced resistance to common scab

Potato common scab caused by the actinobacterium Streptomyces scabiei is characterized by the formation of corky lesions on tubers that reduce their marketability. Management of common scab is very complex and often ineffective under various environmental conditions. Using potato varieties that are more resistant to common scab remains one of the most efficient strategies to control this disease. However, very little is known about the factors associated with resistance to common scab. Somaclone RB9 regenerated from thaxtomin A-habituated potato Russet Burbank calli produced tubers more resistant to common scab than the original variety. Comparison of the RB9 tuber proteome with that of Russet Burbank using label-free quantitative proteomic analysis revealed changes in the accumulation of defence-related proteins from the patatin and lipoxygenase (LOX) families, which are involved in the metabolism of lipids, and of two miraculins of the Kunitz-type protease inhibitors family. The implication of LOX during common scab infection was studied using synchronized minitubers developed from leaf-bud cuttings. S. scabiei infection stimulated the accumulation of LOX in both Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers, but this accumulation was intensified in RB9 minitubers. Infection also increased LOX activity in Russet Burbank and RB9 minitubers. However, LOX activity measured in noninfected RB9 minitubers was similar to that of infected Russet Burbank minitubers, indicating endogenous activation of LOX activity in RB9 minitubers. We discuss how increased LOX abundance and activity in the somaclone RB9 may contribute to improving tuber defence against common scab.     

郭予元院士在宁夏植保防控事业中的学术贡献——纪念郭予元院士诞辰90周年

五六十年代的宁夏, 农业发展落后, 农业科学发展刚刚起步, 引黄灌区的水稻和南部西海固地区的冬小麦分别是当地的主要粮食作物, 其产量直接关乎当地群众温饱。但是由于特殊的地理位置和气候特点, 这些地区病虫害发生严重, 制约了当地的粮食生产。本文回顾了郭予元院士在宁夏进行病虫害科学研究, 为水稻稻瘟病、小麦麦种蝇和小麦腥黑穗病的监测预警, 防治示范做出的突出贡献。郭予元院士建立的预测预报体系及防治技术示范一直指导当地的农业生产, 并给全国的病虫害防治做了示范。     

Building Enviornmental Monitoring System With COM

This article presents an implement of component using COM technology for collecting environmental monitoring data in environment monitoring system. The component makes the separation of data collection and data analysis available.Simultaneously by using the interface of connectable object in COM,itmakes the cooperation of the environment monitoring software with other parts of fault management software available,and also the seamless connection.It improves the system's performance by adding extensibility and potential cooperatibility.     

A Thermodynamic Criteria for Evaluation of Heat Exchanger Performance

The concept of loss rate of available energy was introduced for evaluating heat exchanger performance. At the same time, the general expression of loss rate of available energy was obtained for heat exchangers of several typical. And NL criteria was recommended for evaluation of the loss rate of available energy of heat exchanger. Then. the influences of inlet temperatures ratio, heat capacity ratio of fluids, the number of heat transfer units and flow patterns of heat exchanger on ,VL criteria were also discussed.     

柴油机电控高压共轨喷油系统的应用

燃油喷射系统作为柴油机的“心脏”,其性能好坏直接影响柴油机的性能和工作可靠性。随着人们对柴油机智能化、强度化、经济性和排放性的要求越来越高,燃油喷射系统的研究也越来越受到重视。未来柴油机必须满足更严格的排放法规,而高压共轨系统具有高度的控制灵活性,其已成为降低柴油机排放的主要核心技术之一。为此,介绍了这种喷油系统的构成、工作原理、特点和现状。