青海省西宁种植山茛菪中矿物质元素分布特征

采集2年生和3年生人工种植山莨菪在不同生长期的植物全植株，采用原子吸收光谱仪分析测试其钾、钠、钙、镁等矿物质元素含量。结果表明：2年生与3年生种植山莨菪的根、茎、叶等组织器官中各矿物质元素含量各异，3年生种植山莨菪各组织器官中矿物质元素含量略高于2年生同一生长期相应组织器官中矿物质元素的含量，即随种植山莨菪生物量的增加其对矿物质元素的需求量表现为略有增加的趋势。     

果洛唐古特大黄染色体观察

对蓼科(Polygonaceae)植物唐古特大黄(Rheum tanguticum Maxim.ex Balf.)染色体核型进行了研究.结果表明,唐古特大黄体细胞染色体数目为2n=22;核型公式为K(2n)=22=20 m+2 sm,核型为"1A"型,少数细胞中发现有随体存在.     

青海高原春小麦品种HMW-GS组成

用十二烷基硫酸钠－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析了青海高原６１个春小麦品种的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基。研究涉及等位基因Ｇｌｕ－Ａ１编码１、２＾＊、Ｎ三种亚基；Ｇｌｕ－ｂ１编码７＋８、７＋９、６＋８、２０、２２、１７＋１８六种亚基；Ｇｌｕ－Ｄ１编码２＋１２和５＋１０两种亚基。     

黄土丘陵区不同降雨强度对农地土壤侵蚀的影响

采用人工模拟降雨的方法，对仪器自身性能进行了测试，并分设5种不同的降雨强度分别研究半干旱区林地、草地、人工草地和耕地的产流产沙特征。模拟天然降雨最大雨强5．05mm／min，雨量118．2～300．3mm／h；雨滴落地速度、雨滴动能等降雨特征值与天然降雨特征值是一致的；不同立地条件下径流量、侵蚀模数随雨强的增加而增加，并与降雨强度呈指数函数或幂函数关系。     

Seasonal changes in weight and body composition of yak grazing on alpine-meadow grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau of China

Forty-five male yaks (born April 2001) were studied to determine how seasonal changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau affected BW and body composition. Thirty yaks were weighed monthly from birth to 26 mo of age to determine seasonal changes in BW. The remaining 15 yaks were allocated randomly to five groups (three yaks per group), designated for slaughter at 13, 15, 18, 22, and 25 mo to measure seasonal effects on body chemical composition. All yaks were grazed on the alpine-meadow grassland of the plateau without any supplementation. All BW and body composition data were calculated on an individual basis. Body weight and body composition data were both compared across seven growth periods spanning 2 yr and defined by season. From April (birth) to December 2001 of the first growing season, yak BW increased (P < 0.01); however, during the subsequent cold season (December 2001 to May 2002), BW decreased (P < 0.01). The second growing season ran from May 2002 (13 mo of age) to October 2002 (18 mo of age), and the second live weight-loss season ran from October 2002 until May 2003. The weight loss experienced by yaks during the first weight-loss season was 25.64% of the total weight gain in the first growing season. The weight loss experienced by yaks during the second weight-loss season was 29.73% of the total weight gain in the second growing season. Energy retention in the second growing season was 291.07 MJ, 50.8% of which was consumed during the subsequent cold season. Energy accumulation in the summer (from May to July) and fall (from July to October) of the second growing season did not differ (5.01 and 6.30 MJ/kg of EBW gain, respectively; P = 0.63). The energy mobilized during the second winter (from October 2002 to February 2003) was 16.49 MJ/kg of EBW, and in the second spring (from February to May 2003), it was 9.06 MJ/kg of EBW. These data suggest that the decrease in grazing yak BW during the first cold season is much less than during the second cold season, and that the energy content per unit of BW mobilized is greater (P = 0.02) in winter than in spring. Results from this study demonstrate highly efficient compensatory growth in grazing yaks following the first weight loss period during the first cold season. This benefit could be exploited by herders to improve yak production. Yaks may have developed a type of self-protection mechanism to overcome the long cold seasons in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.     

短穗兔耳草的克隆生长特征

以调查统计的方法研究了高寒草甸匍匐茎植物短穗兔耳草Lagotis brachystachya无性系的生长特征、形态特征以及能量分配规律,研究结果表明:匍匐茎只有1条的短穗兔耳草最多,占60．47％,匍匐茎有4条的短穗兔耳草只占6．98％。在牧草生长盛期,短穗兔耳草无性系的基株高度4．03 cm,根长为9．11 cm,叶数为7．98;分株高度0．85 cm,根长2．73 cm,叶数为3．08;匍匐茎的茎生叶数为12．54,长度为15.14 cm,匍匐茎比节间重为2．18 mg／cm,粗度为0．97 mm,不同构件的干质量呈现出基株>匍匐茎>分株>茎生叶的规律。随着匍匐茎数目的增多,短穗兔耳萆无性系的基株根长逐渐增加,用于克隆繁殖的能量投资也有增加的趋势,其他参数都没有明显的变化规律。     

祁连山高寒草甸生态系统昆虫群落特征

2009年7月中旬于祁连山地区的中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统研究站,在滩地草甸、金露梅（Potentilla fruticosa）灌丛、山坡草甸和沼泽化草甸4个不同的生境中对昆虫进行百网取样,共获得908头昆虫。分别隶属于10目42科 65种。发现该地区双翅目昆虫是最繁盛的类群：第2个优势目为膜翅目,其次优势目为鞘翅目。昆虫物种多样性和丰富度依次为滩地草甸>金露梅灌丛>山坡草甸>沼泽化草甸;均匀度差异不大;优势度指数沼泽化草甸最高,滩地草甸最低。滩地草甸和山坡草甸昆虫群落的相似性最大;其次是金露梅灌丛;差异最大的是沼泽化草甸。通过分析发现,生境的变迁和气候的变化引起了昆虫群落结构和多样性的差异变化。     

不同退化程度高寒草甸主要植物的热值研究

对青海省果洛藏族自治州玛沁县不同退化程度高寒草甸中隶属10科的27种植物地上部分干质量热值进行测定,分析了高寒草甸退化过程中植物热值的变化规律。结果表明,1）高寒草甸常见植物地上部分平均热值为13.99～19.45 kJ·g-1,所测物种热值平均值为17.99 kJ·g-1,高于全球尺度上陆生植物平均热值;2）随着高寒草甸退化程度的增加,由于植物自身的生物学属性特征,不同科属植物热值的响应规律不一,其中禾本科、菊科和龙胆科随着草地退化程度的增加,植物的平均热值均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势,在轻度退化水平下达到最高,莎草科植物平均热值则随草地退化程度增加逐渐增加,不同植物种热值对草地退化的响应变化规律不完全一致;3）在群落水平上,随着草地退化程度的增加,群落热值变化趋势为先升高后降低,在轻度退化水平下达到最高,为18.16 kJ·g-1,重度退化水平下最低,为16.29 kJ·g-1,不同退化草地中群落热值的差异是由物种组成的变化产生的。     

青海省不同地区人工栽培大黄氨基酸含量的比较

青海地道中药材“西宁大黄”野生资源濒临枯竭,人工种植规模不断扩大。采集青海不同地区3年生种植大黄及野生大黄,分析测定其中18种氨基酸的含量,为“西宁大黄”资源的可持续开发和利用提供依据。