Effect of AIR on Inflammatory Reaction Infected by Brucella

In order to investigate the effect of AIR on inflammatory reaction infected by Brucellamelitensis (16M), the AIR domain of Tecpr1 gene of murine macrophages RAW264.7 were knocked down (I-A), overexpressed (O-A) and reversed (OA-IA). Using the chlorine fluorescein (DCFH-DA) as a probe, we detected the variation of ROS production and mitochondria distribution by confocal laser scanning microscopy. We observed the expression changes of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 by qRT-PCR and the expression changes of IL-18,IL-1β and Caspase-1 in host cells by ELISA. The results showed that 16M could stimulate RAW264.7 cells to produce ROS by time-dependent pathway, and I-A group and O-A group showed more abnormal accumulation of mitochondrial. The results of qRT-PCR and ELISA suggested that it had effect on the expression levels of NLRP3, ASC,Caspase-1 and IL-18, IL-1β and Caspase-1 in cells of different groups. Those results indicated that with AIR gene deletion, the release amount of ROS changed, mitochondrial clustered abnormally, and AIR was closely related to the activation of inflammasomes and induction of inflammatory reactions.     

Infant feeding practices in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China

AIMS: To document infant feeding methods in the first six months of life in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China, 2003-2004. Some problems with breast-feeding in the area are explained. METHODS: A longitudinal study of infant feeding practices was undertaken. A total of 1219 mothers who delivered babies during 2003 and 2004 were interviewed in five hospitals or institutes, and after discharge were contacted in person or by telephone at approximately monthly intervals to obtain details of infant feeding practices. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with breast-feeding initiation. RESULTS: 'Any breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 92.2, 91.3, 89.9, 88.8, 87.7, 86.0 and 73.0%, respectively. 'Exclusive breast-feeding' rates at discharge and at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 6 months were 66.2, 47.6, 30.1, 25.8, 22.1, 13.0 and 6.2%, respectively. The main problem of breast-feeding in Xinjiang was the early introduction of formula or water. The average duration of 'exclusive breast-feeding' was 1.8 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.0), of 'full breast-feeding' 2.8 months (95% CI 2.7-2.9) and of 'any breast-feeding' 5.3 months (95% CI 5.2-5.4). CONCLUSIONS: Infant feeding methods in Xinjiang were documented in this study and the main problems with infant feeding in Xinjiang are discussed. Further studies are needed to identify factors associated with 'exclusive breast-feeding' and duration.     

天山花楸正丁醇部位降糖效果研究

[目的]对天山花楸的有效成分进行提取分离,探索正丁醇部位的降糖效果。[方法]采用回流提取法对天山花楸进行提取,梯度洗脱,获得正丁醇部位,以链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱发小白鼠糖尿病模型,利用该部位进行降血糖试验。[结果]正丁醇部位给药组与模型组相比,有明显降糖效果。[结论]天山花楸具有一定的抗糖尿病作用。     

环渤海湾地区主要梨园树体矿质营养元素状况研究

 以叶片矿质营养元素含量作为树体营养诊断的依据,对环渤海湾地区有代表性的203个梨园树体矿质营养状况及相应土壤养分状况进行了研究,结果表明：（1）该地区81% ~ 97%的梨园叶片P、Ca、Mg、Fe含量处于适宜状态,26% ~ 40%的梨园叶片N、K、Zn含量偏低。（2）除Mg、Zn外,不同梨树品种间叶片中矿质营养含量差异明显。与其它品种相比,苹果梨N、P含量较高,而K含量偏低;莱阳茌梨N含量较低,而P、K含量较高;砀山酥梨N、P、K含量均偏低。（3）初步筛选出N/P、Mg/P、Zn/P、K/Mg、Ca/Mg、Zn/Mg作为该地区梨园营养诊断与施肥建议综合法的营养诊断参数,低产梨园各元素需肥顺序大致为Mg > P > Ca > K > Zn > N > Fe。（4）土壤pH与梨树叶片中Ca、Mg含量呈极显著正相关,与Zn呈极显著负相关;土壤有机质含量与梨树叶片中N、Mg含量呈极显著正相关;叶片N、K、Ca、Mg、Zn含量与其所对应的土壤有效态养分均呈极显著或显著正相关。     

H2O2溶液对 2种红葡萄离体叶中主要茋化物含量的影响

比较H2O2诱导后美国红提(‘红地球’)和紫香无核(‘新农4号’)离体葡萄叶片中的白藜芦醇(Res)、白藜芦醇苷(PD)、紫檀芪(PS)、ε-二聚体葡萄素(ε-VF)4种芪化物的含量,为利用葡萄生产废弃叶片的综合利用提供依据.采用H2O2溶液对红提和紫香无核离体葡萄叶片进行诱导,采用高效液相色谱法分析4种芪化物的含量变化.H2O2诱导后的两种离体叶片4种芪化物的积累呈现显著的量时依赖性;2.5％H2O2处理48 h后叶片4种芪化物含量可提高6倍以上,以红提的含量相对较高,总芪化物鲜重达到138.82μg/g.用H2O2诱导后的离体葡萄叶中4种芪化物含量比诱导前有了较为明显的增加.     

AMMI模型和GGE双标图法在新疆冬小麦区域试验产量分析上的应用

[目的]客观、准确评价区域试验中冬小麦新品系的丰产性和稳定性,探明适合新疆冬小麦区域试验分析的统计模型.[方法]利用AMMI模型和GGE双标图分析2010、2011年北疆冬小麦区域试验中5个试点、12个新品系的产量结果.[结果]基因型、环境及基因型×环境互作的平方和分别占总平方和的6.96;、32.62;和26.82;,均达到极显著水平.通过模型分析,垦冬杂1号和垦冬00(2)号具有较好的稳产性和丰产性,适合在伊宁、塔城和奇台等地区种植;08/7148在安宁渠点和塔城地区种植可获得高产.同时,GGE双标图对新品系丰产性分析结果与田间试验结果趋于一致,相对于AMMI模型能够直观、简单提供新品系的稳定性和适种区域.[结论]GGE双标图法比较适合分析北疆冬小麦区域试验的结果.     

山羊痘病毒疫苗株TK基因的克隆与序列分析

用绵羊睾丸细胞培养山羊痘病毒疫苗株G14-STV44-55,提取其基因组为模板,设计TK基因的特异性引物并进行PCR扩增,获得了2405bp的DNA片段,并将PCR产物克隆至pGEM-TEasy载体。酶切鉴定、PCR鉴定和测序结果表明,成功获得了TK基因,获得的TK基因内存在唯一的ACC65I酶切位点和3′末端早期转录终止信号TTTTTN(T)T。核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分析表明,弱毒疫苗株G14-STV44-55TK基因与基因Bank中发表的13个参考毒株的同源性在96%和95%以上,说明羊痘病毒TK基因具有高度的保守性。     

Role of caveolin-1 in down-regulating extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor-mediated Ca2+ influx in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM：To study the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in down-regulating the extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaR)-mediated Ca2+ influx in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its mechanisms. METHODS：HUVECs were collected and cultured to the second or third passage. Filipin was used to induce acute caveolae disruption. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) or shRNA targeting Cav-1 combined with CaR agonist spermine and negative allosteric modulator Calhex 231 was also used in HUVECs. Intracellular concentration of Ca2+ (［Ca2+］i) was measured by Fura-2/AM loading. The protein expression of Cav-1 and CaR was examined by Western blotting. The interaction and co-localization of Cav-1 and CaR were determined by the method of co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Caveolae-enriched membrane (CEM) fractions were isolated and identified by detergent-free (Na2CO3) sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The protein levels of Cav-1, CaR, flotillin-1, β-coat protein (β-COP), β-actin and transferrin receptor (TfR) were detected by Western blotting. Noncaveolar fraction I (NCF I) and noncaveolar fraction II (NCF II) in the CEM fractions were separated. RESULTS：Using extracellular buffer with Ca2+, the increase in ［Ca2+］i induced by spermine in HUVECs was abolished after inhibition of CaR by its negative allosteric modulator calhex231. Conversely, the effect of spermine on the increased ［Ca2+］i in HUVECs was further augmented after acute caveolae disruption by MβCD. No significant difference of the protein levels of CaR and Cav-1 in HUVECs among treating with different concentrations of MβCD was observed. The results of Co-IP showed that the protein levels of CaR and Cav-1 in every group of HUVECs were not significantly different. Compared with control group, the protein expression of CaR and Cav-1 in CEM was decreased in spermine+Ca2+ group, filipin+spermine+Ca2+group and MβCD+spermine+Ca2+group, and that in NCF I was increased. However, the protein expression of Cav-1 increased, and the protein level of CaR was unaffected in NCF II. CONCLUSION：The CaR and Cav-1 co-localize in the same membrane caveolae lipid raft in HUVECs. The function of CaR-induced extracellular Ca2+ influx is down-regulated by binding with Cav-1. This effect might be associated with, at least in part, the inhibitory effect of Cav-1 on CaR localization at the plasma membrane by a translocation of CaR from the caveolar fractions to noncaveolar fractions, thus attenuating the CaR response to the agonist.     

葡萄叶片中提取总RNA的三种方法比较

采用试剂盒法、热酚法和LiCl沉淀法3种方法提取葡萄叶片总RNA,通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳和Agilent 2100计检测总RNA的完整性和提取纯度.对红地球葡萄叶片总RNA提取方法做比较,以得到完整的、高质量的葡萄RNA.结果表明:LiCl沉淀法提取的RNA收率高,完整性好,OD260/OD280均在1.80～2.00,纯度高,28S、18S条带清晰完整.可以满足后续分子生物学的研究.     

PEG胁迫下玉米基因表达谱分析

为了解PEG胁迫下玉米基因表达情况,采用数字化基因表达谱（DGE）技术,检测了20%PEG胁迫下玉米植株中基因表达谱,同时利用实时荧光定量PCR技术对部分基因表达特点进行了验证。结果表明玉米植株在20%PEG胁迫下48h时,共检测到31829个基因表达量发生了改变,其中表达量差异达到2倍以上的基因共1438个,其中801个表达量呈现上调,637个表达量呈现下调。这些差异表达基因功能主要涉及到结合、催化、转录、抗氧化剂活性,参与代谢过程、细胞过程、定位、生物调节、定位建立以及刺激反应等。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明7个随机选择的基因在胁迫前后的表达特点与表达谱测序结果一致。本研究表明玉米对PEG胁迫反应是一个多基因参与、多个生物过程协同调控的过程,基因表达量的变化可能是调控的主要方式,此外候选了与玉米耐PEG胁迫相关的应答关键基因,为揭示与玉米耐旱机理以及克隆与玉米耐旱性相关关键基因奠定了基础。