鸡蛋、鸭蛋、鹌鹑蛋中胆固醇含量的比较

目的:比较鸡蛋、鸭蛋和鹌鹑蛋3种禽蛋中的胆固醇含量;方法:实验分为鸡蛋组、鸭蛋组和鹌鹑蛋组,用酶法对3种禽蛋中蛋清、蛋黄和去壳全蛋的胆固醇进行定量测定;结果:3种禽蛋中蛋清、蛋黄、去壳总蛋的胆固醇含量依次为:鸡蛋中:(0.29±0.01)、(11.86±0.80)、(7.55±0.83)mg/g,鸭蛋中:(0.30±0.02)、(13.15±2.21)、(6.08±1.06)mg/g,鹌鹑蛋中:(0.28±0.01)、(11.79±1.46)、(6.18±0.52)mg/g。3种禽蛋蛋黄中胆固醇含量均高于蛋清(P<0.000 1),3种禽蛋中去壳总蛋组间比较,鸡蛋组中胆固醇含量高于其它两组(P<0.01)。结论:3种禽蛋中蛋黄胆固醇含量均大于蛋清,鸡蛋中胆固醇含量高于鸭蛋和鹌鹑蛋。     

Response Surface Methodology for Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis

Astaxanthin is a novel carotenoid nutraceutical occurring in many crustaceans and red yeasts. It has exhibited various biological activities including prevention or amelioration of cardiovascular disease, gastric ulcer, hypertension, and diabetic nephropathy. In this study, ultrasound-assisted extraction was developed for the effective extraction of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis. Some parameters such as extraction solvent, liquid-to-solid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time were optimized by single-factor experiment and response surface methodology. The optimal extraction conditions were 48.0% ethanol in ethyl acetate, the liquid-to-solid ratio was 20:1 (mL/g), and extraction for 16.0 min at 41.1 °C under ultrasound irradiation of 200 W. Under optimal conditions, the yield of astaxanthin was 27.58 ± 0.40 mg/g. The results obtained are beneficial for the full utilization of Haematococcus pluvialis, which also indicated that ultrasound-assisted extraction is a very useful method for extracting astaxanthin from marine life.     

政策性农业保险试点绩效评估与实证研究——以湖南省为例

基于农业保险试点绩效的政策目标,运用关键绩效指标法,建立了包含财政补贴到位率、保险资金充足率、自主参保率、受保障度4项指标的评估体系和评分方法。选取湖南为范例,对其试点5年来的绩效进行评分,在肯定其绩效的同时指出在农民参保自主性、业务经营持续性、政府财政支持性等方面存在必须重视的问题,并提出相应的政策建议。评估结果可以作为实践考核与未来政策选择的依据。     

重新认识农民工——兼论农民工认识上的4大误区

当前农民工问题再次受到政府与社会的关注,这是一种进步的倾向。但也有一些值得注意的基本问题。其中之一,就是关于农民工的重新认识问题。初步的研究发现,对农民工的认识存在名称、内涵与外延、特征4大误区。     

Influence of hydrogen sulfide on ileal epithelial cell apoptosis in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

AIM: To investigate the influence of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial morphology and function and the expression of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome C (Cyt C), Bcl-2 and Bax in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: Wistar rats (n=24) were randomly divided into 3 groups (8 in each group): sham group, I/R group and I/R+sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) group. The animal model of intestinal I/R injury was established. The rats in I/R+NaHS group received NaHS (100 μmol/kg bolus +1 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 infusion) 10 min prior to the onset of reperfusion, whereas the rats in I/R group and sham group received equal volume of normal sodium. Ileum epithelial mitochondrial morphology and function were measured. Plasma H₂S was detected by sensitive sulfide electrode. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA was studied by RT-PCR. The protein levels of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, cytochrome C (Cyt C), Bcl-2 and Bax were tested by Western blot.RESULTS: The area, volume density, maximum diameter, minimum diameter and equivalent diameter of mitochondria, and the expression of cleaved caspase-3, Cyt C and Bax in I/R group were significantly higher than those in I/R+NaHS and sham groups (P<0.01). The mitochondrial count, circumference, specific surface area, area density and population density, plasma H₂S, respiratory control rate (RCR), the ratio of P/O, R₃ , R₄, and the expression of Bcl-2 in I/R group were sharply lower than those in I/R+NaHS and sham groups (P<0.01). H₂S was negatively correlated with caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, Cyt C and Bax (P<0.01), and was positively correlated with Bcl-2 (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: H₂S has a protective effect on mitochondrial morphology and function in rats with intestinal I/R injury by down-regulating cleaved caspase-3, Cyt C and Bax and up-regulating Bcl-2.     

CALLS联机合作中文编目实例探讨

从个人的工作实践总结了套录CALLS中文书目数据中各字段出现的常见问题，并对这些问题进行了分析，提出了解决方法，并对如何提高书目数据质量提出了自己的看法。     

新媒体在大学生思想政治工作中的创新应用

现代新媒体技术为思想政治教育创新提供了新的方法、手段和内容,同时也带来了一些不利影响。针对新情况和新问题,文章在阐述新媒体对大学生思想政治教育的优势和负面影响的基础上,提出了新媒体环境下加强大学生思想政治教育的创新。     

Short-term cardioprotective effects of trimetazidine on acute myocardial infarction in rats

AIM: To observe the myocardial protective effects of trimetazidine on myocardial infarction (MI) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS: Ninety SD rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=30 each): myocardial infarction group (MI group), MI+trimetazidine group (MT group) and sham group (S group). By permanently ligating the left anterior descending artery, the MI model was set up in the rats in MI group and MT group. Before and after setting up the MI model, normal saline was given to the rats in MI and S group by gavage. On the other hand, trimetazidine (3 mg/kg,twice per day) was given to the rats in MT group by gavage. At 8 h, 24 h and 48 h after applying trimetazidine, the serum level of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) was measured. At the 1st week, 2nd week and 4th week after treated with trimetazidine, the size of myocardial infarction, the maximum rising rate of the left ventricular systolic pressure (+dp/dt_max) and the maximum descending rate of the left ventricular diastolic pressure (-dp/dt_max) were measured. Also at the 1st week after applying trimetazidine, the cardiomyocyte apoptotic index was detected. RESULTS: Compared with MI group 2 weeks after applying trimetazidine, +dp/dt_max significantly increased in MT group , and -dp/dt_max also significantly increased in MT group . Four weeks after applying trimetazidine, +dp/dt_max significantly increased in MT group , and -dp/dt_max also significantly increased in MT group . At 8 h and 48 h after applying trimetazidine, no statistically significant difference (P＞0.05) of serum cTnI between MI group and MT group was observed. However, at 24 h after applying trimetazidine, the serum level of cTnI decreased in MT group as compared with MI group . Aditionally, trimetazidine significantly decreased the infarction size of myocardium in MT group (0.248±0.052) as compared with MI group (0.362±0.082, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Trimetazidine has short-term cardioprotective effects on the rats with acute MI by improving myocardial systolic and diastolic functions, reducing infarct size and inhibiting apoptosis.     

Function of lamins in the mechanism of cell aging

Cell aging, the fundamental unit of biological decay, is responsible for senile disease. With the development of research, the mechanism of cell aging has been investigated in molecular level. Two hypotheses have emerged to explain the reason that lamins contribute to cell aging, one is the mechanical stress hypothesis, the other is the gene expression hypothesis. The latter proposes that mutations in A-type lamins lead to abnormal tissue-specific gene regulation. In recent years, the molecular mechanisms of lamins causing cell aging primarily include gene mutation, Zmpste24 mutation, CAAX mutation and other mutations. These mutations in the gene that encode nuclear lamins cause nuclear lamina damage directly and result in cell aging, which have been associated with several degenerative disorders.     

人成纤维细胞生长因子-21的拟南芥油体表达系统构建

【目的】利用拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)油体系统表达人成纤维细胞生长因子-21(Fibroblastgrowth factor-21,FGF21),为利用植物油体表达系统规模化生产FGF21奠定基础。【方法】以磷酸甘露糖异构酶(PMI)基因作为转基因植物的安全筛选标记,将带有组氨酸标签的人源FGF21基因与大豆油体蛋白基因融合,克隆至大豆油体蛋白启动子驱动的表达载体pCAMBIA1390MDo(p1390MDo)上,构建植物双元表达载体p1390MDoFGF21。采用冻融法将植物双元表达载体p1390MDoFGF21转入农杆菌GV3101,花粉管导入法转化拟南芥,采用PCR检测、Southern blot筛选转基因拟南芥阳性植株(T0),并对FGF21蛋白在转基因拟南芥种子(T1)中的表达进行Western blot分析。【结果】成功构建了带PMI安全筛选标记的植物双元表达载体p1390MDoFGF21。PCR扩增和Southern blot分析结果表明,重组FGF21融合基因以单拷贝和多拷贝2种方式已整合到转基因拟南芥基因组中。BandScand 5.0软件和Western blot分析结果显示,FGF21融合蛋白约占转基因拟南芥种子可溶性蛋白的3.76%,并具有良好的免疫原性。【结论】FGF21融合基因已经转入拟南芥中,并在以PMI为选择标记的转基因拟南芥种子中成功高效表达。