浅谈大兴区社区蔬菜技术服务

为提升社区居民的生活满意度,进一步探索阳台蔬菜管理技术、种植品种和管理模式,大兴区蔬菜技术推广站开展了基层调研、专业方案设计、观摩培训等社区蔬菜技术服务工作,并取得了较好的效果:服务范围不断扩大、栽培设备及配套技术逐渐完善、社区氛围良好等;并对发展前景进行了展望:未来将会向省空间、智能化、低碳化的多功能蔬菜种植模式发展。     

The priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap of summer maize in the north of Huang-Huai-Hai region,China

Understanding yield potential, yield gap and the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap in current intensive maize production is essential for meeting future food demand with the limited resources. In this study, we conducted field experiments using different planting modes, which were basic productivity(CK), farmer practice(FP), high yield and high efficiency(HH), and super high yield(SH), to estimate the yield gap. Different factorial experiments(fertilizer, planting density, hybrids, and irrigation) were also conducted to evaluate the priority of individual management factors for reducing the yield gap between the different planting modes. We found significant differences between the maize yields of different planting modes. The treatments of CK, FP, HH, and SH achieved 54.26, 58.76, 65.77, and 71.99% of the yield potential, respectively. The yield gaps between three pairs: CK and FP, FP and HH, and HH and SH, were 0.76, 1.23 and 0.85 t ha~(–1), respectively. By further analyzing the priority of management factors for reducing the yield gap between FP and HH, as well as HH and SH, we found that the priorities of the management factors(contribution rates) were plant density(13.29%)fertilizer(11.95%)hybrids(8.19%)irrigation(4%) for FP to HH, and hybrids(8.94%)plant density(4.84%)fertilizer(1.91%) for HH to SH. Therefore, increasing the planting density of FP was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between FP and HH, while choosing hybrids with density and lodging tolerance was the key factor for decreasing the yield gap between HH and SH.     

农机装备综合实验平台管理系统应用

根据实验室业务及质量管理流程，开发了农机装备综合实验平台管理系统，该系统可以将人员、仪器、方法和文件等数据因素有机结合，通过共享平台对大型仪器进行有效整合和共享，并且提供共享服务，实现共享仪器的网上预约、审核等功能。      

平原河网地表水空间分布特征——以嘉兴市为例

以布设在嘉兴市主要水系32个水质自动监测站2019年水质监测数据为基础,综合运用主成分分析和聚类分析等多元统计分析方法,对嘉兴市平原河网地表水的空间分布特征进行分析.结果表明,主成分分析表明嘉兴市平原河网地表水主要受总磷、氨氮、总氮等指标的影响,pH、溶解氧、电导率、高锰酸盐指数等指标的影响较小.聚类分析表明嘉兴市平原河网水系主要分为3类,第1类以澜溪塘为代表的河道,水质较好;第2类为南部排入钱塘江、东部排入黄浦江、中部环嘉兴市区河道,水质次之;第3类为西部和北部入境河道,水质最差;聚类分析结果与主成分综合评判结果基本一致.     

互联网+环境下饲料品牌的策划和实践

随着市场环境的不断发展变化,消费者越来越重视产品的品牌效益,品牌建设已成为当前饲料企业市场竞争中取胜的重要法宝,饲料企业可通过品牌策划与实践提升产品的知名度,加强企业自身的商业信誉,从而提升饲料产品的销售份额,有效扩大消费群体,为企业的长远发展提供广阔的潜力。因此,饲料企业要重视互联网+环境下品牌的策划与实践,通过优化策划方案、创新推广路径等方式加强企业品牌建设。     

猫传染性腹膜炎研究进展

猫传染性腹膜炎是一种全身性、致死性的病毒性疾病,为幼猫和青年猫死亡的主要原因之一。近年来,该病在世界各地广泛流行,并呈一定的上升趋势。越来越多的学者对其进行了研究与探索,但其致病与免疫机制仍未完全清楚。本文从病原学、发病机制、流行病学、临床症状、诊断与治疗以及免疫与预防等方面对猫传染性腹膜炎进行全面的阐述,为该病的科学诊治与防控提供参考和指导。     

Whistle signal variations among three Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin populations in the South China Sea: a combined effect of the Qiongzhou Strait's geographical barrier function and local ambient noise?

Geographic variations in the dolphin whistles could be useful in assessing association and isolation among populations. Whistle of free-ranging Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) among the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), Leizhou Bei (LZB) and Sanniang Bay (SNB) populations were investigated. A total of 2850 whistles with legible fundamental contour were extracted and 15 acoustic parameters were measured. Contrary to SNB, PRE and LZB had the same relative proportion of tonal type compositions with flat and sine representing the most frequent types. The generalized linear model analysis showed significant acoustic difference among populations and tonal types. All frequency parameters in SNB were significantly higher than those in PRE and LZB, where no significant variation was observed in most of the parameters either at the population level or within each tonal type. Canonical discriminant functions analysis showed a smaller difference between PRE and LZB than between PRE and SNB and between LZB and SNB. Compared with previous recordings, recent recordings demonstrated a consistent pattern of becoming higher in whistle frequency parameters in both LZB and SNB populations, suggesting that noise pollution in LZB and SNB increasing with time according to the acoustic niche hypothesis. Dolphin whistle's geographic variations could be shaped by the combined function of the geographical barrier function of the Qiongzhou strait and local ambient noise. Considering the isolated condition and the relatively smaller population size of the humpback dolphin in the SNB, more effective and proactive conservation actions should be taken to prevent the extinction of small populations.     

不同播期对黄秋葵长势、抗病性和产量的影响

为在河北省推广种植黄秋葵,在安国、保定、邯郸、衡水和石家庄5个试验点进行黄秋葵分期播种试验,研究了不同播期对石秋葵1号、红玉和五福3个品种生长势、抗病性和产量的影响。结果表明:播期对石秋葵1号、红玉和五福生长势、抗病性和产量具有较大的影响,随着播期的推迟,3个品种的茎粗大致呈逐渐增高的趋势,株高呈先降后升的趋势(除2018年的红玉外),单株结果数则先增加后减少,单果质量(除五福外)逐渐增大;以4月20日、25日和30日为播期,得到的黄秋葵单株产量和折合667 m~2产量较高。综合得出,河北省黄秋葵种植以4月20日、25日、30日为播期最为适宜。     

粳稻柱头外露率QTL定位

【目的】柱头外露是影响杂交水稻制种的一个重要性状。本研究旨在初步鉴定控制柱头外露率的QTL。【方法】以高柱头外露率粳稻两系不育系大S×低柱头外露率热带粳稻品系D50的F_2群体及海南陵水、浙江杭州两地重复种植的F_(2:3)群体为材料,考查F_2群体及陵水、杭州两地两次重复F_(2:3)群体单边柱头外露率(PSES)、双边柱头外露率(PDES)和柱头总外露率(PES)。【结果】相关分析表明,单边柱头外露率、双边柱头外露率和柱头总外露率之间存在极显著的正相关。根据构建的大S×D50 F_2群体遗传连锁图谱,QTL分析检测到水稻柱头外露率QTL 21个,分布于第1、2、3、4、6、7和12染色体上,贡献率变幅为0.1%~57.6%,除个别贡献率极低的位点外,绝大部分QTL加性效应来自于高值亲本大S。其中位于第4染色体和第12染色体的两个位点q PDES4,q PES12在F_2和两次重复F_(2:3)群体中均检测到,贡献率分别达17.86%和16.98%。位于第3染色体的q PES3位点在陵水、杭州两次F_(2:3)群体中重复检测到,贡献率高达25.6%。【结论】检测到的QTL,有些与其他学者报道的处于同一位置,有些则是新的柱头外露率QTL。这些水稻柱头外露率QTL为今后柱头外露率基因精细定位、克隆、以及利用分子标记辅助选择(MAS)选育高柱头外露率粳型不育系提供理论依据。     

哈尔滨地区大豆蚜及其天敌昆虫的多年种群动态和相关性分析

为明确大豆蚜种群数量与其天敌昆虫龟纹瓢虫[Propylea japonica(Thunberg)]、异色瓢虫[Harmonia axyridia(Pallas)]及花蝽(Orius sp.)的田间发生情况及二者的相关性,采用对角线五点取样、借助直接观察法,对哈尔滨地区大豆蚜及上述天敌昆虫的种群动态(2008-2014年)进行了系统调查。记录各年份大豆蚜种群数量峰值及峰值日后第6天各天敌昆虫的种群数量,并对大豆蚜与天敌昆虫的发生关系进行了相关分析。结果表明:6月为大豆蚜的田间始发期,7-8月为其田间猖獗期,9月为其消亡期。在大豆蚜的始发期和猖獗期,田间均有龟纹瓢虫(成虫和幼虫)、异色瓢虫(成虫和幼虫)及花蝽(成虫和若虫)的发生。龟纹瓢虫幼虫和异色瓢虫成虫的田间种群数量与大豆蚜的种群数量间均呈现显著相关性。