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61.
62.
Fibrin–alginate hydrogel supports steroidogenesis,in vitro maturation of oocytes and parthenotes production from caprine preantral follicles cultured in group
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IR Brito GM Silva AD Sales CH Lobo GQ Rodrigues RF Sousa AAA Moura CEM Calderón M Bertolini CC Campello J Smitz JR Figueiredo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(6):997-1009
This study aimed to establish a culture system that improves the in vitro development of caprine preantral follicles. In a first experiment, follicles were encapsulated as a single unit per bead and cultured singly or in groups or with five follicles in the same alginate (ALG) bead for 18 days. In a subsequent experiment, the “five follicles per bead” design was chosen to culture in ALG, fibrin–alginate (FA) or hyaluronate (HA) for 18 days. In a third experiment, we chose the five follicles per bead in FA to culture for 30 days. The culture set‐up of five follicles per ALG bead increased antrum formation and follicle diameter compared to the other culture designs (p < .05). Moreover, under this condition, 44.44% of the oocytes from in vitro cultured preantral follicles reached meiotic resumption. A significant increase of follicle diameter occurred in attachment system and FA (p < .05), but the ALG condition reached the highest among all groups on day 18 (p < .05). Follicles encapsulated in matrix produced more estradiol and progesterone than attachment system (p < .05). The expression of MMP‐9 mRNA was higher in FA than in other groups (p < .05) and similar to antral follicles from in vivo control (p > .05). Only FA group resulted in oocytes matured. After 30 days, oocytes from preantral follicles in vitro grown in FA developed to eight‐cell parthenotes. In conclusion, a culture system using FA supported the development of caprine preantral follicles cultured in group and included in the same bead of hydrogel, improving the oocyte maturation and producing parthenotes. 相似文献
63.
RE Green BFS Santos CC Sicherle FC Landim-Alvarenga SD Bicudo 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(3):406-410
The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability in the effect of open pulled straw (OPS) vitrification procedure of sheep embryos after direct transference. Embryos were produced in vivo and cryopreserved in slow freezing or OPS vitrification. The survival rates of cryopreserved embryos were compared to non-frozen standard pattern. In a first set of experiments, embryos at morula and blastocyst stages were dived in ethylene glycol (1.5 M) and frozen in an automatic freezer. After being thawed, they were directly or indirectly transferred to ewes recipient. A second group of embryos were drawn into OPS and plunged into liquid nitrogen after being exposed at room temperature for 1 min and 45 s in 10% EG plus 10% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), then again for 30 s in 20% EG + 20% DMSO + 0.5 M sucrose. After being warmed, embryos were also directly transferred using a French mini straw as the catheter for the transplantation process or after in vitro dilution of cryoprotectants (two-step-process). No significant difference was observed among fresh, frozen or vitrified embryos on pregnancy rate (50.0%, 38.6% and 55.8%). However, when we evaluated only the direct transference, the pregnancy rate of OPS vitrified embryos was higher than that of frozen embryos (57.1% vs 34.8%) (p = 0.07). In addition, vitrified morulae had a higher pregnancy rate than the one with frozen embryos (64.0% vs 38.9%) (p = 0.07). Finally, our results indicate that OPS vitrification technique in association with direct transference improves the viability of sheep embryos with potential applications to field conditions. 相似文献
64.
The effects of allopurinol on the ultrastructure of ischaemic and reperfused large intestine of sheep 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M AHMADINEJAD MAE REX RH SUTTON CC POLLITT B CRIBB 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(2):135-139
Objective To test the possible inhibitory effect of allopurinol on reperfusion injury, caused by oxygen-derived free radicals, of sheep large intestine.
Design An ultrastructural study on caecal tissues from control and treated groups.
Fifty sheep in four ischaemic and reperfused (treatment) groups and one control group. Three of the treatment groups were subdivided for half to be injected with allopurinol and the other half with its solvent, potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Procedure Ischaemia of the caecum was induced in the four treatment groups for 60 minutes by clamping the apex. Allopurinol and its KOH solvent were injected intravenously in three treatment groups prior to ischaemia. Samples were collected before and 1 hour after induction of ischaemia and 1 min, 1 h and 8 h after reperfusion. Tissues were processed and examined with an electron microscope.
Results Untreated and solvent injected sheep showed minor ultrastructural changes following ischaemia. With reperfusion, there was severe mitochondrial, goblet cell and basement membrane damage. Tissues from allopurinoltreated sheep were preserved and appeared similar to tissues from the control group.
Pre-treatment with allopurinol prevented damage to tissues whereas untreated or allopurinol solventtreated showed severe damage following reperfusion. It is believed that allopurinol, an analogue of hypoxanthine and xanthine, prevents reperfusion injury by competitively binding with xanthine oxidase. This reduces or inhibits the xanthine oxidase mediated conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine thereby preventing the formation of oxygen-derived free radicals. 相似文献
Design An ultrastructural study on caecal tissues from control and treated groups.
Animals
Fifty sheep in four ischaemic and reperfused (treatment) groups and one control group. Three of the treatment groups were subdivided for half to be injected with allopurinol and the other half with its solvent, potassium hydroxide (KOH).
Procedure Ischaemia of the caecum was induced in the four treatment groups for 60 minutes by clamping the apex. Allopurinol and its KOH solvent were injected intravenously in three treatment groups prior to ischaemia. Samples were collected before and 1 hour after induction of ischaemia and 1 min, 1 h and 8 h after reperfusion. Tissues were processed and examined with an electron microscope.
Results Untreated and solvent injected sheep showed minor ultrastructural changes following ischaemia. With reperfusion, there was severe mitochondrial, goblet cell and basement membrane damage. Tissues from allopurinoltreated sheep were preserved and appeared similar to tissues from the control group.
Conclusion:
Pre-treatment with allopurinol prevented damage to tissues whereas untreated or allopurinol solventtreated showed severe damage following reperfusion. It is believed that allopurinol, an analogue of hypoxanthine and xanthine, prevents reperfusion injury by competitively binding with xanthine oxidase. This reduces or inhibits the xanthine oxidase mediated conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine thereby preventing the formation of oxygen-derived free radicals. 相似文献
65.
F. A. Mann DVM MS Colette C. Wagner-Mann DVM PhD Keith R. Branson DVM MS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1997,7(2):99-109
Feasibility of noninvasive oxygenation and ventilation monitoring using continuous transcutaneous oxygen (PO2-TC) and carbon dioxide (PCO2-TC) measurements was investigated in six healthy adult male cats anesthetized with isoflurane. Concurrent arterial blood gases, inspired oxygen concentration (FIO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2), PO2-TC were recorded during hyperoxia/normocapnia, normoxia/normocapnia, hypoxia/normocapnia, hypocapnia/hyperoxia, and hypercapnia/hyperoxia. Dorsolateral thorax and dorsal pelvis probe sites were evaluated. Probe site did not significantly affect the parameters. During normoxia and hypoxia, mean PO2-TC was insignificantly greater than mean PaO2 (p > 0.154), but during hyperoxia PO2-TC was less than Pao2 (p < 0.002). At each assessment (except hypercapnia for the dorsal pelvis probe site) PCO2- TC was greater than PaCO2. Correlations between PO2-TC and FIO2 (p < 0.05), and PaO2 (p <0.001), and between PCO2-TCand ETCO2 (p < 0.001), and PaCO2 (p < 0.05) were good; however, the measured values of PO2-TC and PCO2-TC were not directly comparable to the measured values of PaO2 and PaCO2, respectively. Clinical utility of transcutaneous monitoring in cats will require development of the appropriate conversion equation for carbon dioxide and modifications for practical application. 相似文献
66.
AJ Landaeta-Hernández R Palomares-Naveda G Soto-Castillo A Atencio CC Chase Jr PJ Chenoweth 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(5):315-320
Social organization and breed effects following PGF2αwere studied in mature Angus, Brahman and Senepol cows allocated into two groups (each A = 5, B = 5 and S = 5). Variables including interval to oestrus onset (IEO), oestrous duration (DE), total mounts received (TMR), and oestrous intensity (IE) were derived via HeatWatch®. Breed‐type influenced IEO (B = 42.6 ± 6.7 h; S = 54.6 ± 6.0 h; and A = 27.8 ± 5.8 h; p < 0.003). Within breeds, dominant B (69.4 ± 13.3 h) and S (65.5 ± 7.4 h) cows were slower (p < 0.05) to be detected in oestrus than subordinate (38.1 ± 4.4 h) and intermediate (40.6 ± 6.0 h). However, within A, dominant cows (16.4 ± 12.5 h) were detected in oestrus earlier (p < 0.05) than intermediate (44.3 ± 9.2 h) and subordinates (32.7 ± 5.1 h). Angus (21.5 ± 2.4 h) and B (22.1 ± 3.0 h) cows had longer (p < 0.01) DE than S (9.1 ± 2.8 h). Dominants (20.4 ± 3.0) and intermediates (20.2 ± 2.3 h) cows had longer DE (p < 0.04) than subordinates (12.1 ± 2.1 h) although the interaction breed × social order showed that dominant S had shorter DE than dominant A and B (10.1 ± 3.3; 34.8 ± 6.0 h; and 20.0 ± 6.4 h, respectively; p < 0.001). Angus cows had less TMR than B (p < 0.02) and tended to be less than S cows (p < 0.06). Overall, greatest (p < 0.008) IE occurred in the first 9 h after onset of oestrus with no breed effect (p > 0.05). Dominant cows tended (p < 0.10) to have less TMR (3.2 ± 0.7 mounts) than subordinate (4.1 ± 0.4 mounts) and intermediate (4.7 ± 0.6 mounts) throughout, especially 3–6 h after oestrus onset (p < 0.07). Breed and social order both influence PGF2α‐induced oestrus behaviour. 相似文献
67.
G Vichera J Alfonso CC Duque MA Silvestre F Pereyra‐Bonnet R Fernández‐Martín D Salamone 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e306-e312
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of dehydroleucodine (DhL), a new drug isolated from a medicinal herb used in Argentina, for activation of bovine oocyte. Several DhL concentrations and exposure times after ionomycin (Io) treatment were tested. The optimal DhL treatment, found for parthenogenetic development, was employed to produce bovine embryos by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The best parthenogenic embryo developments were observed with 5 μm Io for 4 min followed by 5 μm DhL concentration and after 3‐h exposure time (52.3% cleavage; 17.4% morulae; 7.3% blastocyst; n = 109). This treatment generated no significant differences with standard Io plus 6‐dimethylaminopurine (DMAP) treatment in preimplantation embryo development. In our conditions, the embryo development reached after ICSI and SCNT assisted by the DhL treatment did not differ in terms of cleavage and blastocyst development from activation with standard Io plus DMAP treatment (p > 0.05). In conclusion, DhL utilization to activate oocytes and induce development of parthenogenotes, ICSI‐embryos or SCNT‐embryos is reported here for first time. 相似文献
68.
Objective— To compare Chinese finger trap (CFT) and 4 friction suture (FFS) techniques to secure gastrostomy (GT), jejunostomy (JT), and thoracostomy (TT) tubes of different materials.
Study Design— Prospective experimental study.
Animals— Canine cadavers (n=20).
Methods— Randomly, GT (n=20), JT (20), and TT (20) were inserted using 2 different suture techniques (10 for each tube type) and either silicone or another material (10 for each type). Axial distraction was applied to each tube until failure. Force and displacement to failure and failure mode were recorded and compared between techniques and materials for GT, JT, and TT.
Results— CFT failed most commonly by suture breakage whereas FFS failed mainly by tube slippage ( P =.003). For GT, failure occurred more commonly by tube slippage (n=15; P <.001) whereas tube breakage was more common for JT (n=10; P <.001) and suture breakage for TT (n=14; P =.022). Silicone had higher force to failure than latex with GT, lower force to failure than red rubber with JT, and lower displacement to failure than polyvinylchloride with TT.
Conclusions— Different failure modes occurred for CFT (suture breakage) and FFS (tube slippage) and among different tube types (tube slippage with GT, tube breakage with JT, and suture breakage with TT). Based on study results, CFT is preferred to FFS for anchoring silicone GT and TT. Silicone GT, red rubber JT, and polyvinylchloride TT were more secure than latex GT, silicone JT, and silicone TT, respectively.
Clinical Relevance— CFT should be preferred over FFS based on force and displacement to failure, but tube type and tissue reaction could influence anchoring strength. 相似文献
Study Design— Prospective experimental study.
Animals— Canine cadavers (n=20).
Methods— Randomly, GT (n=20), JT (20), and TT (20) were inserted using 2 different suture techniques (10 for each tube type) and either silicone or another material (10 for each type). Axial distraction was applied to each tube until failure. Force and displacement to failure and failure mode were recorded and compared between techniques and materials for GT, JT, and TT.
Results— CFT failed most commonly by suture breakage whereas FFS failed mainly by tube slippage ( P =.003). For GT, failure occurred more commonly by tube slippage (n=15; P <.001) whereas tube breakage was more common for JT (n=10; P <.001) and suture breakage for TT (n=14; P =.022). Silicone had higher force to failure than latex with GT, lower force to failure than red rubber with JT, and lower displacement to failure than polyvinylchloride with TT.
Conclusions— Different failure modes occurred for CFT (suture breakage) and FFS (tube slippage) and among different tube types (tube slippage with GT, tube breakage with JT, and suture breakage with TT). Based on study results, CFT is preferred to FFS for anchoring silicone GT and TT. Silicone GT, red rubber JT, and polyvinylchloride TT were more secure than latex GT, silicone JT, and silicone TT, respectively.
Clinical Relevance— CFT should be preferred over FFS based on force and displacement to failure, but tube type and tissue reaction could influence anchoring strength. 相似文献
69.
C Sabatini G Mari B Mislei CC Love D Panzani F Camillo A Rota 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(6):989-994
Pregnancy rates in donkeys after artificial insemination with cryopreserved semen are still low, compared to the horse species. Addition of autologous seminal plasma to frozen‐thawed semen appeared to improve pregnancy rates. The aims of this study were to evaluate (1) sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity after thawing (T0) and after one and 2 h (T1 and T2) of post‐thaw incubation in either 0% (SP0) or 70% (SP70) autologous seminal plasma and (2) sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and DNA quality (%COMP‐αt) after thawing (T0) and after 2 and 4 h (T2 and T4) of post‐thaw incubation in either 0% (SP0), 5% (SP5) or 20% (SP20) homologous seminal plasma. In experiment 1, seminal plasma decreased total and progressive sperm motility and plasma membrane intact spermatozoa immediately after dilution and at all following time points (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, total and progressive motility did not differ between treatments immediately after dilution and between SP0 and SP5 at T2, while they were lower in both SP5 and SP20 than in SP0 at T4. Plasma membrane intact sperm cells did not differ between SP0 and SP5 and were lower in SP20 at all time points. DNA quality was not affected by treatment immediately after dilution and was significantly worse for SP20 after 4 h of incubation (p < 0.05). The post‐thaw addition of seminal plasma at the tested concentrations did not improve donkey frozen semen characteristics in vitro over time. 相似文献
70.
Effects of supplemental dietary vitamin C on quality of semen from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) breeders
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NLAF Sarmento EFF Martins DC Costa WS Silva CC Mattioli MR Luz RK Luz 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(1):144-152
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin C on growth and quality of semen from Oreochromis niloticus breeders. One hundred and sixty males were fed with different levels of vitamin C (0, 261, 599 and 942 mg/kg diet). The higher weight values were recorded for 599 (166 g) and 942 (175 g) mg of vitamin C/kg diet. Sperm motility, vigour and concentration were higher with 599 and 942 mg of vitamin C/kg diet. The semen volume, gonadosomatic index and plasma protein data from the last week showed a direct relationship with increasing levels of vitamin C. No changes were observed in the hepatosomatic index and blood glucose. The haematocrit and erythrocyte showed higher values estimated by equations derived at 850 and 638 mg vitamin C/kg diet, respectively. The leucocytes were inversely proportional to the increasing levels of vitamin C. After 100 days of feeding, animals fed the diet containing 942 mg vitamin C/kg diet had higher sperm motility, linearity, curvilinear velocity, straight line velocity and average path velocity (p < .05). Higher values of beat cross‐frequency were observed in broodfish fed diets containing 942 and 599 mg vitamin C/kg. The different vitamin C levels did not cause differences in straightness, lateral head displacement and sperm morphology. For Nile tilapia males on intensive rearing and handling conditions, vitamin C levels between 599 and 942 mg/kg may be used for a better performance and quality of semen. 相似文献