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31.
Masahito SUGIMOTO Waka SAITO Motoki OOI Yukinobu SATO Toshiro SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(3):280-285
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate (0, 15, 30 or 45%; on a dry matter basis) and roughage sources (rice straw or wheat straw) on finishing performance and carcass quality of cull beef cows. Sixteen Japanese Black (Wagyu) mature cull cows (490 ± 31 kg of BW) were used in this experiment. Increasing the levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate and roughage sources did not significantly affect feed intake in cows. In addition, the final body weight, daily gain and feed : gain ratio were not influenced by the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate and the type of roughage. Increasing the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate would probably decrease the marbling score. The L* values of the longissimus muscle (LM) tended to respond quadratically ( P = 0.078) as the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate increased, and was lowest for cows fed the concentrate which included 30% potato pulp silage. The a* and b* values of the LM and fat color were not affected by the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate. No effects of roughage sources on finishing performance were observed. 相似文献
32.
In order to explore the methods of recovering native grasses into exotic vegetation, the response of riparian vegetation to the removal of the above‐ground shoots and/or litter of Solidago gigantea in a flood plain in Hokkaido, northern Japan, was investigated. The four treatments were: the removal of the above‐ground shoots of S. gigantea (A); the removal of the litter of S. gigantea (L); the removal of both the above‐ground shoots and litter of S. gigantea (AL); and a control (C). The vegetation cover and S. gigantea cover decreased in the A and AL treatments and increased in the L and C treatments. The understory plant cover increased in the A and AL treatments, but did not change in the L and C treatments. The increases in the understory cover in the A and AL treatments were associated with increases in Phalaris arundinacea. The seedling emergence of P. arundinacea was promoted by AL. In a greenhouse, the S. gigantea litter tended to decrease the seed germination of P. arundinacea. The AL treatment also increased the abundance of the other exotic plant, Solidago altissima. The continuous removal of the above‐ground shoots and litter of S. gigantea long term is effective for promoting the recovery and emergence of native riparian grassland vegetation. However, this method also promotes the recovery of other exotics. 相似文献
33.
Wenxi CHEN Xin ZHU Tetsu NEMOTO Toshio KOBAYASHI Toshiyuki SAITO 《Animal Science Journal》2004,75(5):471-478
The fetal heart rate is indispensable for monitoring the health of unborn cattle fetuses. To monitor the fetal heart rate, a method employing independent component analysis (ICA) to extract the fetal electrocardiogram (fECG) from potentials measured on the maternal body surface and composed of a mixture of the maternal ECG (mECG), fECG, baseline drift and noise is described. A mixing of the raw data was simplified using a linear time‐invariant model. To separate the fECG from the mECG, baseline drift, and noise, an ICA strategy was applied, using a hyperbolic tangent as the contrast function and treating mutual information with the minimization principle to find the optimum demixing matrix to derive the fECG from the measured signals. After the feasibility of this method was shown on simulated signals obtained by randomly mixing pure fECG, pure mECG, low frequency sinusoidal drift and noise, real signals from three cloned pregnant Holstein cows with 157, 177 and 224‐day gestation periods were used to verify the separation method. The results show that the fECG, mECG, low‐frequency sinusoidal drift and noise can be clearly segregated in simulations, and that the fECG, mECG, baseline drift and noise can be successfully derived from real signals. The ICA approach has great potential in effectively detecting the fECG from maternal body surface potentials. 相似文献
34.
Kato Sumie Koike Takayoshi Lei Thomas T. Hsieh Chang-Fu Ueda Kunihiko Mikami Tetsuo 《New Forests》2000,19(1):109-114
Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to examine cytoplasmic diversity within a relic-like population of Fagus hayatae, located in northern Taiwan. Fifteen trees were surveyed for three restriction endonucleases (BamHI, EcoRI and HindIII) and five mitochondrial gene probes (atpA, atp6, atp9, coxI and coxII). The analysis failed to reveal any polymorphisms, an observation that suggests cytoplasmic uniformity in the F. hayatae population examined. It is also interesting to note that the chondriome type of our F. hayatae samples is very close to that characteristic of F. crenata populations in the southernmost area of Japan. 相似文献
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36.
Fisheries Science - As long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. 相似文献
37.
Tomohiko Komatsu Noriaki Shoji Kunihiko Saito Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(8):793-798
Monosaccharides such as glucose contribute to the development of meat flavor upon heating via the Maillard reaction; therefore, monosaccharide content is related to beef palatability. Here, we analyzed the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the content of glycogen, one of the precursors of monosaccharides, in the muscles of 958 fattened Japanese Black cattle from Yamagata Prefecture. Analysis of variance showed that muscle glycogen content was affected by the farm and postmortem periods, but not by sex, slaughter age, slaughter month or number of days detained at the slaughter yard. Additionally, consumption of digestible brown rice feed elevated muscle glycogen levels. Glycogen heritability was estimated to be 0.34, and genetic correlations between glycogen and carcass weight (CW) or beef marbling standard (BMS) were weak. The predicted breeding values varied among paternal lines. These results demonstrated that genetic factors might improve muscle glycogen content and therefore beef palatability, but do not influence CW or BMS. 相似文献
38.
39.
MAKOTO TERAZAKI HIROAKI SAITO HIROMI KASAI TOKIHIRO KONO YASUHIRO KAWASAKI SATORU TAGUCHI 《Fisheries Oceanography》1995,4(2):158-170
The spatial distribution and seasonal variability of epipelagic chaetognaths along the Kurile Islands and off south-east Hokkaido, in the western subarctic Pacific Ocean. were investigated during the period from May 1990 to October 1992. Sagitta elegans was the dominant species among the epipelagic chaetognaths in the study area. Juvenile S. elegans were distributed mainly along the path of the mixed water which was determined by the acceleration potential anomaly (APA) at the iso-pycnal density surface of 26.6 σθ. The location of the path of The mixed water meandered around cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies. Catches of S. elegans were made at temperatures ranging from 4.5 to 22.2C. The juvenile distribution, however, was mostly restricted to between 1 and 4C of the potential temperature determined at the isopycnal density surface of 26.6 σθ. Variability in the juvenile abundance within the path of the mixed water could be caused by predation rather than by food limitation because microzooplankton, which are known to he prey for juveniles, were abundant enough to meet the food requirements of juveniles in the study area. Adults occurred in spring (April-May) and young individuals (juvenile and stage 1) were abundant in summer (June-July), when a strong thermocline developed. The main spawning period appears to be during April-May, with a possible second spawning period in the autumn. 相似文献
40.
Variability in timing and magnitude of spring bloom in the Oyashio region, the western subarctic Pacific off Hokkaido, Japan 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
HIROMI KASAI HIROAKI SAITO AKIRA YOSHIMORI & SATORU TAGUCHI 《Fisheries Oceanography》1997,6(2):118-129
The spring bloom of phytoplankton is a well-established, regular, seasonal event in the western subarctic Pacific and is considered one of the most important conditions of massive production of pelagic fishes. A series of 12 cruises was conducted from 1990 to 1992 to examine the timing and magnitude of the spring phytoplankton bloom in the Oyashio region, the western subarctic Pacific off Hokkaido, Japan. An interannual variability in the bloom events was also analysed. On the basis of hydrographical characteristics, the study area was divided into three water masses: the Oyashio Water Mass, the Mixed Water Mass, and the Coastal Water Mass. Spring blooms were observed first in April in the Oyashio and the Coastal Water Masses, and continued to May in 1991 and 1992. However, no bloom was recorded in the Mixed Water Mass. High nutrient supply into the surface mixed layer during winter is likely to be one of the factors supporting an intense spring bloom in the Oyashio Water Mass. A significant positive relationship between log-transformed surface chlorophyll a concentration and maximum density gradient (MDG) within the euphotic layer was obtained in April, indicating the importance of vertical stability of the water column in the initiation of spring blooms in the Oyashio and the Coastal Water Masses. The spring blooms in 1991 were much more extensive and lasted longer than in 1990. It is suggested that meteorological conditions and abundance of grazers were responsible for this interannual difference. 相似文献