山羊皮肤组织细胞分离与培养的研究

本实验研究了山羊皮肤组织细胞的分离,培养,纯化方法和生长特征,获得了传统代培养的山羊皮肤上皮细胞与成纤维细胞,组织块贴附培养和分散单细胞接种培养均能获得原代山羊皮肤细胞。用１５０ＩＵ／ｍＬ胶原酶ＩＴＣＭ１９９液３７℃下培养消化１０ｈ,可较好地分解组织块,产生接种浓度的分散单细胞。     

钢质直齿圆柱齿轮冷精锻技术研究

系统研究了钢质齿齿圆柱齿轮精锻成形工艺及相关技术,提出了齿形凹模修正设计方法,采用闭式镦挤－约束孔分流两步成形法冷精锻出具有较高精度的钢质直齿圆柱齿轮。     

Size‐related oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) reared in a recirculating system

Oxygen consumption (OC) and ammonia excretion rates (AE) of perch were measured under commercial‐like conditions (temperature 23.3 °C) in both fed (F) and feed‐deprived groups (D). Measurements were taken in triplicate in six sized batches of perch ranging from 44.8 to 336.2 g. The mean daily OC was 288.3–180.6 mg O₂ kg^?1 h^?1 for group F fish ranging in size from 44.8 to 279.4 g body weight. The mean daily AE expressed as total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) was 13.8–5.2 mg TAN kg^?1 h^?1 in the same groups. Daily peaks of OC in group F perch were observed 6 h after the onset of feeding for each size group with relatively stable values up to the end of feeding. Peaks of daily AE in group F perch were observed 10 h after the onset of feeding in each size group, with a rapid decrease up to 16 h after onset. In group D, OC was 181.1–110.5 mg O₂ kg^?1 h^?1 in the weight range 57.9–336.2 g. The daily mean AE was 1.7–0.5 TAN kg^?1 h^?1 in this group. No dramatic peaks of OC and AE were observed in group D perch.     

苹果两向异性力学特性和跌落试验研究

压缩和冲击力学特性是与农业物料的损伤密切相关的物理特性。为了确定苹果的力学特性,利用万能试验机对苹果果肉和果皮进行了力学试验,并分析了苹果果肉的压缩特性和果皮的拉伸特性。针对苹果的冲击力学特性,选择冲击材料、冲击材料的水平速度和苹果跌落方向3个因素设计跌落试验。压缩试验表明:苹果果肉径向和轴向的弹性模量分别为(2.81±0.37)、(3.96±0.69)MPa,两向的弹性模量和屈服强度都具有显著性差异,而果皮的横向和纵向在弹性模量上有显著性差异(p<0.05)。跌落试验表明:果实的轴向抗损伤能力强于径向,果实损伤量随着冲击材料的水平速度增大而减小,且冲击材料的表面粗糙度会影响果实损伤量。本研究可为深入理解果实压缩特性和冲击损伤机理提供帮助,并为建立更准确的果实模型提供基础依据。     

大风对高速列车安全性的影响研究

为研究不同阵风对高速列车运行安全的影响,对高速列车侧向施加Chinese hat自然风、阶跃阵风和13.8m/s的横风,SIMPACK仿真用于评估不同阵风条件下列车安全运行指标的变化。结果表明,大风影响列车的安全运行。列车在无风屏障的线路上行驶时,和阶跃阵风相比,在自然风环境中列车的脱轨系数增大26%,轮轴横向力增大64%,轮重减载率增大24%,轮轨垂向力增大14%;比横风环境下分别增大83%,39%,78%,31%。风屏障对横风有阻挡作用,能提高列车运行安全性。     

2017—2018年云南省边境地区阿卡斑病毒抗体检测

为了解云南边境地区近年来阿卡斑病毒(Akabanne disease virus,AKAV)流行情况,2017—2018年连续2年在云南省与缅甸、老挝、越南接壤的12个边境县采集牛血清,应用cE LISA方法进行AKAV抗体检测。结果显示:2017—2018年共检测牛血清样品1 860份,检出阳性样品108份,阳性率为5.8%,显示这些地区存在一定的AKAV感染;各县AKAV抗体阳性率在0～24.4%之间,差异较大,其中抗体阳性率最高的为富宁县,2017年和2018年的阳性率分别为24.4%和20.0%,而瑞丽连续2年未检出抗体阳性;黄牛AKAV抗体阳性率(6.6%)高于水牛(4.7%),差异显著(P<0.05);入境牛抗体阳性率(6.5%)高于境内牛(3.0%),差异显著(P<0.05);养殖场(9.0%)、交易市场(8.4%)、屠宰场(7.6%)的牛AKAV抗体阳性率高于村寨散养户(2.5%),差异极显著(P<0.01)。结果表明,AKAV在云南边境地区存在一定的流行,其流行趋势受入境动物影响。结果提示,应继续加强云南省边境地区AKAV等虫媒病毒病的监控,及早发现和控制该病流行。     

豫东地区大豆品种(系)生育期归属

对适合豫东地区种植的大豆品种(系)的生育期归属进行分类和划分。以13个分属MGⅡ~MGⅤ的北美大豆生育期组标准品种的生育期表现为参考,对来自适宜黄淮海地区种植的57份大豆品种(系)在2011—2013年进行了67次的生育期组划分。永城紫花豆对应MGⅡ,紫花糙等26个品种(系)对应MGⅢ,商豆1099等20个品种(系)对应MGⅣ,商豆14号等10个品种(系)对应MGⅤ。参试品种(系)生育日数处于106.33~132.27 d。该研究可为调整豫东地区大豆生产布局和品种类型划分方案、实现黄淮海地区大豆品种布局的科学化与标准化提供依据。     

小断面盾构隧道塌方清理方案

针对小断面盾构隧道直径小、无法采用大型机械设备挖掘清理的实际情况,借鉴盾构机泥水加压平衡模式原理,以某小断面盾构隧道塌方清理为工程背景,探讨了小断面盾构隧道塌方清理技术,制定了用水搅拌淤砂后由泵抽吸至地面泥水分离设备,析出淤砂后的水再返回隧道循环使用的清理方案,包括竖井抽水、隧道排水、隧道上下行段排砂以及设置隧道口安全门等措施.该技术适用于固体颗粒分布不均匀,固相含量较高的清理物,以及环境湿度95％、温度-20～50℃的工况,人工与补水需求量低,对于类似空间受限环境下的清理作业,具有较强的适用性和借鉴性.     

Impact of Elevated Ozone on Nutrient Uptake and Utilization of Chinese Hybrid Indica Rice (Oryza Sativa) Cultivars under Free-Air Ozone Enrichment

To assess the effects of ozone (O₃) on uptake and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in rice for planning rational fertilization under projected O₃ elevation. Two hybrid indica cultivars were exposed to ambient and elevated O₃ (E-O₃) under a free-air O₃ enrichment system. E-O₃ differently affected the accumulation and distribution of biomass, and the absorption and distribution of nutrients between cultivars. These effects were related to rice cultivar and nutrient type. E-O₃ led to significantly decreased partial factor productivity and grain production efficiency (GPE) of nitrogen in both cultivars; however, the effects of E-O₃ on GPEs of phosphorus and potassium varied with cultivar. Responses of nutrients harvest indices between cultivars to E-O₃ were adverse. Differences between cultivars and elements should be considered when examining E-O₃ potentially affecting the nutrient dynamics for the purpose of reducing the amount of fertilizer applied in paddy systems to decrease potential environmental pollution.     

Putative Phosphatase UvPsr1 Is Required for Mycelial Growth,Conidiation, Stress Response and Pathogenicity in Ustilaginonidea virens

Ustilaginoidea virens is the causal agent of rice false smut, which can be a highly destructive disease of rice. The plasma membrane phosphatase Psr1 proteins, which act as a regulator of the salinity stress response in yeast, are widely distributed across fungi, but their functional characterization is sketchy. In this study, we characterized the functions of Psr1 protein, UvPsr1, in U. virens. Analyses of the ΔUvpsr1 and its complementation strain showed that UvPsr1 is required for normal mycelial growth, conidiation and tolerance to oxidative, osmotic and cell wall stresses. When rice panicles were inoculated with the ΔUvpsr1 strains, no symptoms of false smut disease developed, showing that UvPSR1 also contributes to the pathogenicity of the fungus. The deletion mutant of UvPSR1 also appeared to produce a smaller titer of toxic compounds able to inhibit elongation of the germinated seeds. In conclusion, our results indicated that UvPsr1 is a new pathogenic factor of U. virens.