剂型、灌水量和土壤疏松度对甲维盐在土壤中分布及防治根结线虫效果的影响

为明确剂型、灌水量等对杀线虫剂防治根结线虫效果的影响,采用土壤薄层层析和高效液相色谱法分析了乳油和微囊悬浮剂型及不同灌水量对甲维盐在不同疏松度土壤中的分布特点,并以番茄为材料进行了根结线虫田间防治试验。结果表明,微囊悬浮剂型甲维盐随水迁移能力较乳油剂型强。药量相同、单株灌水量为1 600 m L时,2种剂型在疏松土壤中分布较为均匀,其次是800m L;200 m L和400 m L时,乳油剂型的分布均匀度明显大于微囊悬浮剂型。单株灌水量800 m L时2种剂型在致密土壤中分布的均匀度显著低于疏松土壤,乳油剂型略高于微囊悬浮剂型。番茄定植后单株甲维盐有效成分为10 mg、灌水量为800 m L和1 600 m L时,乳油剂型防效分别为67.90%和79.62%,微囊悬浮剂型分别为65.00%和77.50%,差异不显著。表明田间使用甲维盐乳油或微囊悬浮剂型防治蔬菜根结线虫时应尽量在移栽后随水冲施,且单株灌水量不低于800 m L。     

新疆草原毒草白喉乌头高光谱特征提取与分析研究

以新疆伊犁州伊宁县托乎拉苏草原的典型毒草白喉乌头为研究对象,采用美国ASD公司的FieldSpec Pro FR型便携式地物光谱仪测得其高光谱数据,通过Savitzky-Golay平滑滤波处理、光谱微分、包络线去除处理,提取并分析其高光谱特征,对变换处理后的光谱运用马氏距离法提取出最佳识别波段,分析其冠层光谱特征。结果表明,白喉乌头与牧草在750~1 150 nm波段范围内具有明显差异,且白喉乌头在不同生长状况下,其反射率曲线差异也较大;通过光谱分析,白喉乌头有不明显的"双峰",而牧草只有1个峰,红边参数表现为白喉乌头牧草;去包络线处理后发现,不同植被类型在光谱吸收谷具有明显差异;通过最佳识别波段分析,得到了白喉乌头与牧草的最佳识别波段;植被指数分析发现,RVI差异最大,可以用于遥感影像植被指数分析及白喉乌头监测。     

阜康绿洲土地利用类型斑块标度-频度分形特征

在GIS/RS的支持下,运用分形理论和景观生态学原理,对阜康绿洲土地利用类型图斑的周长、斑块边缘密度和斑块形状指数的标度-频度关系进行了定量分析。结果表明:①阜康绿洲土地利用类型斑块周长、斑块边缘密度和斑块形状指数的标度-频度双对数关系显著,相关系数均超过0.9,呈高度负相关分布;②阜康绿洲土地利用类型斑块周长、斑块边缘密度和斑块形状指数存在标度-频度的分形关系,不受所选统计标度的影响,这为进一步分析土地利用类型周长-面积的分维数,研究斑块的复杂性与稳定性打下基础;③以上分析可以增加对分形理论的理解与应用,同时也为区域可持续开发利用土地及土地管理与设计提供参考依据。     

Deformation Analysis of Thermo Elastic Plastic on ReinforcedConcrete Structure Subjected to Fire

To investigate the mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete structure subjected to fire, the incremental thermo elastic plastic creep constitutive equations of steel and concrete in consideration of temperature and creep deformation were obtained based on different yield rules and the elastic plastic theories. The nonlinear analysis for reinforced concrete simply supported slab was carried out with consideration the variation of the mechanical properties of steel and concrete with temperature. The effectiveness and applicability of the constitutive equations were verified with the test results from relevant literature. The nonlinear analysis was employed for one bay one storey reinforced concrete frame under fire and the variation of displacement at partial nodes was analysed. It was found that the reinforced concrete structure at a high temperature would have a significant deformation. And the displacement change curves of beam column joints of reinforced concrete frame were not monotonous trend and there were inflexion points. The vertical displacement values of beam column joints were less than those at midspan of cross beam.     

Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of intravenous and extradural tramadol in dogs

Tramadol is a synthetic opioid agonist used extensively in human and, to a lesser extent, veterinary medicine throughout the world. The clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetic profile of intravenous (IV) and extradural (ED) tramadol (2 mg/kg) and its o-desmethyl metabolite were studied in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO). Intra-operative cardiorespiratory variables were monitored and post-operative pain was assessed using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale. A rapid (<5 min) and effective production of o-desmethyl tramadol was recorded. The pharmacokinetic profile was similar for tramadol and its metabolite irrespective of the route of administration. ED tramadol provided sufficient intra- and post-operative analgesia without significant clinical side-effects, but the post-operative analgesia was comparable to that following IV administration and the ED route could therefore not be considered a practical alternative to the IV route.     

番木瓜典型缺硼症的相关营养元素分析

针对玉溪市元江县番木瓜生产上发生的严重的番木瓜典型缺硼症,以根际土壤及植株各部位器官等为探索对象,采用对比分析法探讨了番木瓜典型缺硼症的相关营养元素含量状况。结果表明,番木瓜发生缺硼症后,不但外部表现典型症状,而且内部相关营养元素也发生了明显的变化。除根部含B量、果实和中上部茎的含K量、果实和下部无叶茎的Ca、Mg含量,缺硼株与正常株的差异不明显外;顶端心叶、中上部的叶和叶柄、中上部茎、下部无叶茎及果实等部位的含B量,番木瓜缺硼株均明显低于正常株;顶端心叶、中上部的叶和叶柄、下部无叶茎及根等部位的含K量,番木瓜缺硼株也明显低于正常株。而顶端心叶、中上部的叶和叶柄、中上部茎及根等部位的Ca、Mg含量,则番木瓜缺硼株明显高于正常株。从Ca、Mg与B的协调性来分析,番木瓜各个部位的Ca/B及Mg/B的比值,缺硼株均明显的高于正常株。说明番木瓜缺硼症的发生,除与土壤有效B缺乏有关外,Ca/B及Mg/B比值过高也是导致该症发生的一个重要原因。     

咖啡因和维生素E对小尾寒羊精液冷冻保存的影响

研究冷冻稀释液中分别添加不同浓度的咖啡因和维生素E后对小尾寒羊精液冷冻保存的影响。将不同浓度的咖啡因和维生素E分别添加于冷冻前的小尾寒羊精液稀释液中,用精子活率、顶体完整率和畸形率,作为判定精子冷冻品质的指标,初步确定2种稀释液添加成分对小尾寒羊精液品质的影响。当添加维生素E的浓度为0.4mg/mL时,冷冻后的精子活率较高,畸形率较低,且精子顶体完整率也较高;添加5mg/mL咖啡因能显著提高精子的解冻后活率,其活率为0.35,对精子畸形率和顶体完整率无显著影响。在冷冻精液稀释液中添加适当浓度维生素E可以减缓冷冻对精子的伤害,提高小尾寒羊冷冻精子活率,改善冷冻精液的品质;当添加5mg/mL的咖啡因于稀释液中冷冻时,解冻后精液活率显著提高,但不影响精子畸形率和顶体完整率。