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31.
Mitsuyoshi Yatagai Madoka Nishimoto Keko Hori Tatsuro Ohira Akira Shibata 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(4):338-342
The termiticidal activity of wood vinegar, its components, and their homologues have been studied. Three kinds of wood vinegar made from the mixed chips ofCryptomeria japonlca andPseudotsga menziesii (wood vinegar A),Quercus serrata (wood vinegar B), andPinus densiflora (wood vinegar C) exhibited high termiticidal activities againstReticulitermes speratus. Acetic acid, which is the largest content of wood vinegar, exhibited high termiticidal acitivity. The contents of organic fraction of wood vinegars and acetic acid might be responsible for the differences in termiticidal activities among these wood vinegars. The structure and termiticidal activity relations of phenols were studied. Phenol with some substituents revealed higher termiticidal activity than benzene derivatives, which have no hydroxyl group; an ortho substituent of phenol plays an important role in termiticidal activity. It has become apparent that high termiticidal activity cannot be obtained by a phenolic hydroxyl group alone; it can be obtained, however, by some substituents, especially an ortho substituent in addition to a phenolic hydroxyl group. The bulkiness of the substituent at the ortho position participates in termiticidal activity; activity decreases as the size of an ortho substituent increases. It is thought that the interaction at the receptor site of termites is affected by the increased size of the ortho substituent. 相似文献
32.
Fumiaki Nakatsubo Kenichi Enokita Koji Murakami Keizo Yonemori Akira Sugiura Naoki Utsunomiya Suranant Subhadrabandhu 《Journal of Wood Science》2002,48(5):414-418
The structural variety of the condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) in the fruits of 16Diospyros species are reported. Eleven species contained condensed tannins mostly consisting of a mixture of catechin (CA) and gallocatechin (GCA) repeating units; the other five species did not. The GCA content in the CA-GCA total varied from 0.3% to 84.6%. The number of esterified gallic acid per one flavan repeating unit (degree of galloylation, DG) ranged from 0.01 to 0.89. The GCA content was found to be proportional to the DG values. Thus, 16Diospyros species tested may be classified into five groups by the analytical data of their condensed tannins. It may be interesting to compare their structural characteristics with those of the condensed tannins in other fruits, leaves, woods, and barks from the viewpoint of their biosynthesis and function in the plants.Part of this paper was presented at the 46th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 1995 相似文献
33.
We investigated how shoot gross morphology and leaf properties are determined in Fagus japonica Maxim., a deciduous species with flush-type shoot phenology, in which all leaves are produced in a single flush at the start of each season. We examined relationships between current-year shoot properties and local light environment in a 14-m tall beech tree growing in a deciduous forest. Leaf number (LN), total leaf area (TLA), and total leaf length (SL) of the current-year shoot increased with increasing photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Leaf thickness, dry mass per leaf area and nitrogen content on a leaf area basis increased, whereas the chlorophyll/N ratio decreased with increasing PPFD. To separate the effects of current-year PPFD from those of previous year(s), we artificially shaded a part of the uppermost leaf tier. Reciprocal transfers of beech seedlings between controlled PPFD regimes were also made. Characteristics of shoot gross morphology such as LN, TLA and SL were largely determined by the PPFD of the previous year. The exception was the length of the longest "long shoots" with many leaves, in which elongation appeared to be influenced by both previous-year and current-year PPFD. In contrast, leaf properties were determined by current-year PPFD. The ecological implications of our findings are discussed. 相似文献
34.
35.
Kazuya KUSHIDA Urs GIGER Toshihiko TSUTSUI Megumi INABA Yoshio KONNO Kureha HAYASHI Kana NOGUCHI Akira YABUKI Keijiro MIZUKAMI Moeko KOHYAMA Yasuyuki ENDO Osamu YAMATO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):743-746
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is an inherited glycolytic erythroenzymopathy
caused by mutations of the PKLR gene. A causative mutation of the feline
PKLR gene was originally identified in Abyssinian and Somali cats in
the U.S.A. In the present study, a TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR genotyping assay was
developed and evaluated for rapid genotyping and large-scale screening for this mutation.
Furthermore, a genotyping survey was carried out in a population of four popular purebred
cats in Japan to determine the current mutant allele frequency. The assay clearly
displayed all genotypes of feline PK deficiency, indicating its suitability for
large-scale survey as well as diagnosis. The survey demonstrated that the mutant allele
frequency in Abyssinian and Somali cats was high enough to warrant measures to control and
prevent the disease. The mutant allele frequency was relatively low in Bengal and American
Shorthair cats; however, the testing should still be carried out to prevent the spread of
the disease. In addition, PK deficiency should always be considered in the differential
diagnosis of anemia in purebred cats in Japan as well as worldwide. 相似文献
36.
Shotaro KUBO Morihiro TATENO Yasuaki ICHIKAWA Yasuyuki ENDO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1275-1279
Tick-borne diseases are often encountered in canine clinical practice. In the present
study, a molecular epidemiological survey of dogs in Japan was conducted to understand the
prevalence and geographical distribution of Babesia spp.,
Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia spp. and
Anaplasma spp. Pathogen-derived DNA in blood samples obtained from 722
dogs with a history of exposure to ticks and/or fleas was examined by PCR. The prevalence
of Babesia gibsoni, Babesia odocoilei-like species,
Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia
spp./Anaplasma spp. was 2.4% (16/722), 0.1% (1/722), 2.5% (18/722) and
1.5% (11/722), respectively. While B. gibsoni and
Ehrlichia spp./Anaplasma spp. were detected in the
western part of Japan, H. canis was detected in Tohoku area in addition
to western and central parts of Japan. 相似文献
37.
Effect of feeding Aspergillus awamori and canola seed on the growth performance and muscle fatty acid profile in broiler chicken 下载免费PDF全文
The aim of this study was to examine effects of dietary supplementation with Aspergillus awamori and feeding canola seed on the growth and fatty acid profile in broilers. Twenty‐eight chicks (15 days old) were assigned to the following groups: (1) control, fed a basal diet; (2) awamori, fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05% A. awamori; (3) canola, fed a diet containing 5% canola seed; and (4) canola + awamori, fed the canola diet supplemented with A. awamori (seven birds/group). Body weight gain was increased by A. awamori but not influenced by canola seed. Breast muscle weight was increased in either awamori or canola groups. Although plasma triglyceride and cholesterol were decreased by feeding A. awamori or canola seed, fat content in the breast muscle were increased, accompanied by decrease in saturated fatty acids and increase in unsaturated fatty acids. Moreover, decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and increased α‐tocopherol content in the breast muscle was observed in all experimental groups. In conclusion, these results suggested that feeding canola seed and A. awamori might improve growth performance, and modified muscle fatty acid profile and α‐tocopherol content, suggesting that they may improve meat quality. 相似文献
38.
Establishment of a Model of Spontaneously-Running-Tokushima-Shikoku Rats with Left Atrial Thrombosis
Takamasa Ohnishi Fumiko Hisaoka Masaki Morishima Akira Takahashi Nagakatsu Harada Kazuaki Mawatari Hidekazu Arai Emiko Yoshioka Satomi Toda Izumi Keisuke Yutaka Nakaya 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2014,27(1):51-56
Studies that investigate the underlying mechanisms of disease and treatment options typically require the use of a suitable animal model. Few suitable animal models exist for left atrial thrombosis. Here, we demonstrated that the Spontaneously-Running-Tokushima-Shikoku (SPORTS) rat — a Wistar strain known for its running ability—is predisposed to the development of thrombi in the left atrium. We investigated the incidence of left atrial thrombosis in male (n = 16) and female (n = 17) SPORTS rats and observed organized atrial thrombosis in 57% and 38% of males and female rats, respectively. In the male rats, systolic blood pressures and heart rates were significantly higher in SPORTS rats than in control Wistar rats. We could not find any evidence of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, during electrocardiographic examination of SPORTS rats. We believe that the SPORTS rat could serve as a new research model for left atrial thrombosis; further, it may be suitable for research investigating the development of new antithrombotic approaches for the control of atrial thrombosis or familial thrombophilia in humans. 相似文献
39.
Noritaka ADACHI Daisuke YAMAGUCHI Akiyuki WATANABE Narumi MIURA Seiji SUNAGA Hitoshi OISHI Michiko HASHIMOTO Takatsugu OISHI Masaki IWAMOTO Hirofumi HANADA Masanori KUBO Akira ONISHI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(2):100-105
The objective of this study was to examine the health and meat production of cloned sows
and their progenies in order to demonstrate the application of somatic cell cloning to the
pig industry. This study compared the growth, reproductive performance, carcass
characteristics and meat quality of Landrace cloned sows, F1 progenies and F2 progenies.
We measured their body weight, growth rate and feed conversion and performed a
pathological analysis of their anatomy to detect abnormalities. Three of the five cloned
pigs were used for a growth test. Cloned pigs grew normally and had characteristics
similar to those of the control purebred Landrace pigs. Two cloned gilts were bred with a
Landrace boar and used for a progeny test. F1 progenies had characteristics similar to
those of the controls. Two of the F1 progeny gilts were bred with a Duroc or Large White
boar and used for the progeny test. F2 progenies grew normally. There were no biological
differences in growth, carcass characteristics and amino acid composition among cloned
sows, F1 progenies, F2 progenies and conventional pigs. The cloned sows and F1 progenies
showed normal reproductive performance. No specific abnormalities were observed by
pathological analysis, with the exception of periarteritis in the F1 progenies. All pigs
had a normal karyotype. These results demonstrate that cloned female pigs and their
progenies have similar growth, reproductive performance and carcass quality
characteristics and that somatic cell cloning could be a useful technique for conserving
superior pig breeds in conventional meat production. 相似文献
40.
Kazufumi?OsakoEmail author Mohammed?Anwar?Hossain Koichi?Kuwahara Akira?Okamoto Atsuko?Yamaguchi Yukinori?Nozaki 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1347-1355
ABSTRACT: To explore the potential utility of underutilized fish in the fish sauce industry, fish sauces were prepared from both raw and heat-induced meat of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonica and rabbit fish Siganus fuscescens using wheat malt, and their quality aspects and sensory properties were assessed. Proximate composition of the fish meat represents protein as the major component (16.0–17.8%), other than moisture. Analyses of free amino acids, peptides including oligopeptides, and organic acids contents in fish sauces revealed suitability of both raw and heat-induced meat of the selected species in commercial fish sauce production. The variations in taste of raw meat fish sauces were species-specific, but the taste of fish sauces from heat-induced meat were similar. 相似文献