果寡糖对猪粪便细菌群作用下L-色氨酸代谢的影响

本试验研究了果寡糖对猪粪便细菌群作用下L -色氨酸代谢的影响。将 10 % (W/V)粪水厌氧分装于无菌瓶中 ,分成 4组 :1组 (对照 )添加 2 5 0 μmol/LL -色氨酸 ;2～ 4组 :分别在对照组的基础上添加 0 .5 % ,1.0 %和 1.5 %果寡糖。 38℃、厌氧培养。在培养期的不同时间点 (0 ,2 ,4 ,6 ,8,12 ,18,2 4h)分别从各瓶中取 1mL培养液 ,分析各培养液中吲哚类物质含量。培养 2 4h后 ,分析各培养液中细菌学指标和pH。结果表明 :含L -色氨酸的体外培养液中添加 0 .5 % ,1.0 %和 1.5 %果寡糖 ,培养 2 4h后 ,使粪臭素浓度、吲哚 - 3-乙酸峰值和pH值均显著降低。添加1.0 %和 1.5 %果寡糖显著降低色氨酸降解率和粪臭素相对产率 ,显著提高吲哚相对产率 ,显著降低梭菌和大肠杆菌数 ,显著增加双歧杆菌和总厌氧菌数。     

马杜霉素发酵法生产工艺的研究

马杜霉素是一种应用广泛的兽用抗球虫抗生素.以马杜霉拉放线菌(Actinomadura Yumanense sp.)ZU-M3为生产菌株,通过摇瓶实验获得较适宜的发酵条件:发酵培养基含葡萄糖7%,豆饼粉1.2%,玉米浆1.2%,NaCl 0.3%,CaCO3 0.1%,K2HPO3 0.03%,Fe2(SO4)3 0.01%,初始pH为6.6,发酵温度为34 ℃.用3L发酵罐做放大试验,通气速率为0.12 m3/h,搅拌速率600 r/min,发酵8 d 菌液发酵单位达到8 336 μg/mL.该研究结果对于大规模的工业化生产具有指导意义.     

大熊猫犬冠状病毒的分离与鉴定

以犬肾传代细胞(MDCK)从1只病死大熊猫肝脏中分离到1株病毒,命名为DXMV。电镜观察磷钨酸负染的病毒细胞培养物，发现冠状病毒样粒子，超薄切片上可见细胞浆内病毒包涵体。理化学和生物学鉴定结果表明，DXMV核酸类型为RNA，对氯仿、乙醚敏感，可耐受1％胰蛋白酶的作用，具有一定的耐酸性和耐热性，可在MDCK、FCWF、F81细胞中增殖，无血凝性和血吸附特性。血清中和试验结果表明，DXMV可被犬冠状病毒阳性血清中和。采用犬冠状病毒间接荧光抗体法染色DXMV细胞飞片，可在细胞浆内见到特异性荧光。以冠状病毒通用引物和犬冠状病毒特异性引物，可从大熊猫肝脏和不同代次的病毒细胞培养物中扩增出与预期值251bp和515bp大小相同的核苷酸片段。由此说明，该病毒为犬冠状病毒，大熊猫可被犬冠状病毒感染。     

洞庭湖湿地虉草替代大白菜对肉兔生产性能的影响

试验采用48只青年期(40～45日龄、体重约800 g)发育良好、健康无病的新西兰肉兔,随机分为4组:1组饲喂基础日粮,2～4组分别用占日粮5%,15%和25%的虉草Phalaris arundinacea代替日粮中等量的大白菜,试验期35 d.试验结果表明:各组间兔的日增重、屠宰率、料肉比等指标差异均不显著(P＞0.05),可见虉草代替大白菜不影响兔的生长,以15%的替代量的3组增重效果最佳,经济效益最好.     

Effect of L-lysine Added in Diluent on the Fresh Semen Quality of Dorper Sheep

In order to explore the effect of different L-lysine levels added in semen dilution on the fresh Dorper sheep quality stored at liquid state,3 health Dorper ram were used to collect semen which were equal-packaged and added to solution containing different levels (0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5 g) L-lysine in 120 mL diluent and at 0,6,24,30,48,54,72 and 78 h,the sperm motility,membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were detected.The results showed that the sperm motility in groups added 0,0.1 and 0.2 g L-lysine were higher than other groups,and that in 0.4 and 0.5 g L-lysine groups decreased faster than other groups;The sperm motility in 0.5 g L-lysine group reduced to 0 at 30 h,and it reduced to 0 at 48 h in the group added 0.4 g L-lysine;The effective survival time and survival index in the group added 0.1 g L-lysine was higher than other groups (P< 0.05);The membrane integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest,that had no significant difference with control group from 0 to 54 h (P >0.05),while after 72 h the two groups had significant differences (P< 0.05).The membrane integrity in 0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,and that was significant different with other groups (P< 0.05);The acrosome integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest which had no significant difference with control group (P >0.05),0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,the difference between them was not significant (P >0.05),while was extremely significant difference with other groups except for 0 and 6 h (P< 0.01).The results suggested that dilution added a high concentration of L-lysine could inhibit sperm quality,when the count of L-lysine was more than 0.2 g,sperm quality was significantly decreased,adding 0.1 g L-lysine could improve Dorper sheep fresh sperm quality stored at liquid state.     

毕节特产珍稀药材圆珠半夏的HPLC指纹图谱分析

为毕节大方圆珠半夏质量标准的建立提供参考,采用HPLC法对10批不同产地及不同采收时间的圆珠半夏进行了指纹图谱研究。结果表明:测定的10批半夏样品有23个共有峰,共有峰面积为91.6%~95.8%,相对峰面积的RSD为0.12%~0.40%;共有峰的相对保留时间从0.182~1.810min,相对保留时间的RSD在0.02%~0.10%。结论,该方法具有良好的稳定性和重复性,可用于圆珠半夏化学成分分析。     

水稻半外卷叶突变体sol1的表型分析与基因定位

适度卷曲有利于提高水稻叶片的光合效率,增加植株光合产物的有效积累量。我们利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理籼型水稻保持系西农1B,获得一个稳定遗传的水稻半外卷叶突变体。该突变体从十叶期开始各叶片逐渐向外卷曲直至半卷状,并伴随茎秆半矮化和叶片披垂,暂被命名为semi-outcurved leaf 1(sol1)。与野生型(WT)相比,sol1的叶片卷曲指数均达到30%以上(P<0.01);倒一、倒二、倒三、倒四节节间长度和穗长极显著缩短,倒一、倒二、倒三叶的叶夹角显著或极显著增加;有效穗数、千粒重、每穗实粒数、结实率显著或极显著下降,一次枝梗数则增加11.3%(P<0.05)。sol1的蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度显著高于野生型。石蜡切片显示,sol1倒一叶的泡状细胞体积变小,数量显著增多,表皮细胞体积略微增大。遗传分析表明,sol1的半外卷叶性状受1对隐性核基因调控,定位于6号染色体标记JY6-3和JY6-10之间165 kb的物理范围内,共含15个注释基因。qRT-PCR结果表明,与泡状细胞相关的内卷基因和外卷叶基因RL14、Roc5、REL1在突变体sol1中呈不同程度的上调,NRL、BRD1、OsHox32、ADL1、LC2则呈不同程度的下调。研究结果为SOL1基因的克隆和功能研究奠定了基础。     

咖啡新品种德热132选育报告

"德热132"是由MEXICO-9的突变单株选择出的抗锈病优质品种,2012年进行了新品种登记,并命名为德热132。品比、区试和生产试验结果均表明,该品种具有稳产、品质优、抗锈病等特点,适宜在云南省的德宏、保山、临沧、普洱、文山等地区种植。     

保护地蔬菜灰霉病菌的菌系分布及致病力分化测定

以山东省寿光市保护地栽培蔬菜上分离的30个灰霉病菌菌株为试材,采用菌落培养性状观察和菌饼活体接种法,研究灰霉病菌的菌系划分及对黄瓜叶片的致病力差异。结果表明:供试菌株划分为菌核型、菌丝型和孢子型3个菌系,不同菌株对黄瓜叶片的致病力分化显著,致病力强弱与寄主植物无显著相关性;强致病力菌株以菌核型为主,菌丝型和孢子型菌株致病力相对较弱。