The localization and expression of epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in bovine ovary during oestrous cycle

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important regulatory factors of EGF family. EGF has been indicated to effectively inhibit the apoptosis of follicular cells, to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells and the maturation of oocytes, and to induce ovulation process via binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the distribution and expression of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary especially during oestrous cycle. In this study, the localization and expression rule of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovaries of follicular phase and luteal phase at different time points in oestrous cycle were investigated by using IHC and real-time qPCR. The results showed that EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary were mainly expressed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, zona pellucida, follicular fluid and theca folliculi externa of follicles. The protein and mRNA expression of EGF/EGFR in follicles changed regularly with the follicular growth wave both in follicular and in luteal phase ovaries. In follicular phase ovaries, the protein expression of EGF and EGFR was higher in antral follicles than that of those in other follicles during follicular growth stage, and the mRNA expression of EGFR was also increased in stage of dominant follicle selection. However, in luteal phase ovaries, the growth of follicles was impeded during corpus luteum development under the action of progesterone secreted by granular lutein cell. The mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGFR in ovarian follicles during oestrous cycle indicate that they play a role in promoting follicular development in follicular growth waves and mediating the selection process of dominant follicles.     

Effects of late planting on fiber quality and within-boll yield components as mediated by sucrose metabolism in cotton bolls

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of late planting on sucrose metabolism in cotton bolls and the relationship to fiber properties and within-boll yield components. Two cotton lines A201 and A705 were employed in a sowing date experiment where two temperature regimes during boll maturation period were created at mean daily temperature of 26.8°C, 28.3°C for early planting and 25.2°C, 23.1°C for late planting in 2016 and 2017, respectively. Boll size, seed mass per boll, seed index and fiber length were increased, and lint percentage was decreased by late planting. Greater cell wall invertase activity and the resultant hexose concentration in fibers were observed in late planting, and thus led to decreased osmotic potential accounting for the enhanced fiber length. Similarly, late planting increased the maximum of vacuolar invertase activity in ovules occurring at 5 days post anthesis (DPA) and hexose concentrations in embryos from 10 DPA afterwards which may favor embryo cell division, and thus increase final seed size. Our data indicate that acid invertase and hexose are implicated in the formation of within-boll yield components and fiber properties as affected by the lower temperature regime due to late planting.     

海水中规模化培养西藏拟溞的技术优化研究

为了给北方海水鱼虾蟹类育苗增添一种新的生物活饵料,利用循环水培养装置研究了西藏拟溞Daphniopsis tibetana Sars在稀释海水(盐度为18~20)中规模化培养的技术工艺参数,即起始放养密度、充纯氧和日采收率。结果表明:起始放养密度对西藏拟溞种群增长和日产量影响显著(P0.05),不同起始放养密度(200、550、900、1250 ind./L)培养试验中,放养密度为1250ind./L时,培养第33天时种群密度达最高,为(9500±550.73)ind./L,平均日产量为(125.00±8.35)g/(m3·d);充纯氧与充空气相比较,充纯氧能显著提高种群密度和日产量(P0.05),当放养密度为1250 ind./L、充纯氧时,西藏拟溞种群密度最高达(11 600±560.45)ind./L,平均日产量为(156.82±8.49)g/(m3·d);日采收率对西藏拟溞的种群增长和日产量也有显著影响(P0.05),日采收率为20%时最佳,放养密度为1250ind./L、日采收率为20%时,西藏拟溞种群密度最高为(12 900±995.04)ind./L,平均日产量为(176.52±15.08)g/(m3·d)。     

福州地区冬菠菜品种比较试验

冬季对7个菠菜品种进行植物学性状、产量、冬性以及抗病性进行比较试验,结果表明,BC2、越超2个品种具备长势强、叶色绿、抗病、冬性强、产量高等特点,可作为福州地区冬季主栽品种。     

DTA-6对两种食用豆生理代谢及产量的影响

为探究2-N,N-二乙氨基乙基己酸酯（diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate,DTA-6）对食用豆叶片的生理代谢及产量的调控效应,选用芸豆（英国红）和小豆（龙垦2号）为试验材料,采用大田完全随机试验方法,于芸豆和小豆的初花期叶面喷施DTA-6,以喷施清水为对照（CK）,测定各生育时期叶片光合参数、碳代谢产物、干物质、产量及产量构成因素。结果表明：DTA-6提高了2种食用豆各生育期的SPAD值、盛花期和鼓粒期的净光合速率（P_n）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、气孔导度（G_s）和胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）,显著增加了叶片蔗糖和可溶性糖的含量,促进了叶片淀粉的积累;与CK相比,DTA-6提高了2种食用豆的地上部单株干物质积累量,并且显著提高了芸豆和小豆鼓粒期荚分配率;DTA-6可有效调控2种食用豆的单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重,从而提高产量,DTA-6处理的芸豆和小豆产量分别较CK增加13.30%和12.91%,增产显著。     

长期定位不同施肥方式对土壤肥力和微生物的影响

以北京市农林科学院(房山)新型肥料长期定位试验站为平台,采用田间冬小麦-夏玉米轮作的方法,探讨了长期不同施肥方式对土壤有机质、养分和微生物特性的影响。结果表明:经过12年的长期定位施肥后,NPK配施有机废弃物肥和NPK配施秸秆可以降低土壤pH值,NPKWN处理降低pH效果最为明显,pH值相较基础土样降低了0.18,而单施化肥的处理土壤pH值均有所增加,处理之间差异不显著;试验地的EC值在11.7～14.5 mS/m之间,各施肥处理与CK处理相比,施肥增加了土壤EC值,差异显著,并且配施有机废弃物肥和秸秆处理的土壤EC值又较NPK处理偏高;长期施用有机废弃物肥和秸秆的土壤肥力明显提高,施肥对土壤有机质、全氮的变化规律:NPK配施有机废弃物肥NPK配施秸秆化肥CK;土壤中的三大微生物数量,细菌放线菌真菌,单施化肥与CK相比,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量都有所提高,化肥与有机废物肥或者与秸秆配合施用的土壤细菌、放线菌数量比单施化肥的增幅效果明显;NPKJG处理土壤中真菌数量最高,达到4.53×10~4个/g,与CK处理相比,增加了67.7%;长期不同施肥处理的土壤微生物量氮变化介于24.7～44.6 mg/kg之间,各处理土壤微生物量氮变化规律为NPKWNNPKLJNPKJGNPKJFNPKMGNPKNPKHSFCK,与对照相比分别增加了80.7%、80.4%、77.2%、72.1%、61.2%、35.7%、23.7%;土壤微生物量氮、细菌数量与土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷呈显著或极显著正相关,土壤放线菌数量与土壤速效钾、有机质、全氮呈显著或极显著正相关,可以作为在长期施肥条件下土壤肥力变化的生物学指标。     

苦瓜转录因子McEIL2的克隆及其表达分析

本研究从已构建的苦瓜果实均一化文库筛选得到一个EIN3-like同源EST序列,结合RACE技术,克隆得到EIN3基因c DNA全长序列,命名为Mc EIL2(Gen Bank登录号:KF595122)。该基因全长2 122 bp,开放阅读框1 890 bp,编码629个氨基酸,预测该蛋白的分子量为71.58 k D,与黄瓜Cus EIN3、甜瓜Cm EIL1、苜蓿Mt EIL1、绿豆Vr EIL1和番茄Le EIL1的蛋白同源性分别为89.61%、78.37%、71.23%、69.09%和65.66%。Mc EIL2基因的编码蛋白亚细胞定位于细胞核,荧光定量分析表明Mc EIL2基因表达量在幼果期先强后弱,绿熟期最低,破色期表达量大幅增加至最高随后下降,推测该基因参与苦瓜果实成熟软化调控过程。本研究初步明确了Mc EIL2基因在苦瓜成熟过程表达模式,可为今后进一步揭示苦瓜果实成熟软化的分子机制奠定基础。     

基于TRIZ的方草捆收集车集捆装置设计

针对方草捆收集车集捆装置工作稳定性较差的问题，利用TRIZ系统分析方法及ProInnovator软件对集捆装置进行分析，提出了改进方案，对改进方案进行综合评价，得到了最优方案。