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991.
Kameshwari Pothukuchi Rayman Mohamed David A. Gebben 《Agriculture and Human Values》2008,25(3):319-332
This paper provides a conceptual framework to explain why disparities may exist in food safety code compliance by food stores
in different neighborhoods. Explanations include market dynamics, community characteristics, retailer attributes, inspector
characteristics, and enforcement approaches, and interactions among the factors. A preliminary and limited empirical test
of some of these relationships in Detroit, Michigan shows a higher rate of food safety violations by stores in poorer neighborhoods
and in neighborhoods with higher concentrations of African-American residents. Stores inspected by female inspectors also
scored higher numbers of critical violations, suggesting a need for greater examination of the social relations associated
with enforcement interactions in food safety studies.
Kameshwari Pothukuchi PhD, is Associate Professor of Urban Planning at Wayne State University. She conducts research on issues related to urban food security, including grocery stores, community gardens, and community and regional food planning. A policy guide on community and regional food planning, co-authored by her, was recently adopted by the American Planning Association (). Rayman Mohamed PhD, is Assistant Professor of Urban Planning at Wayne State University. He conducts research on land use and environmental planning. His recent articles examine decision making by developers, the economics of conservation subdivisions, and the relationship between sprawl and the costs of infrastructure. David A. Gebben is a graduate student of agricultural economics and a research assistant in the Global Urban Studies Program at Michigan State University. 相似文献
Kameshwari PothukuchiEmail: |
Kameshwari Pothukuchi PhD, is Associate Professor of Urban Planning at Wayne State University. She conducts research on issues related to urban food security, including grocery stores, community gardens, and community and regional food planning. A policy guide on community and regional food planning, co-authored by her, was recently adopted by the American Planning Association (). Rayman Mohamed PhD, is Assistant Professor of Urban Planning at Wayne State University. He conducts research on land use and environmental planning. His recent articles examine decision making by developers, the economics of conservation subdivisions, and the relationship between sprawl and the costs of infrastructure. David A. Gebben is a graduate student of agricultural economics and a research assistant in the Global Urban Studies Program at Michigan State University. 相似文献
992.
In face of rising flood losses globally, the approach of “living with floods,” rather than relying on structural measures
for flood control and prevention, is acquiring greater resonance in diverse socioeconomic contexts. In the Lerma Valley in
the state of Mexico, rapid industrialization, population growth, and the declining value of agricultural products are driving
livelihood and land use change, exposing increasing numbers of people to flooding. However, data collected in two case studies
of farm communities affected by flooding in 2003 illustrate that the concept of flood as agricultural “hazard” has been relatively
recently constructed through public intervention in river management and disaster compensation. While farming still represents
subsistence value to rural households, increasingly rural communities are relying on non-farm income and alternative livelihood
strategies. In this context, defining flooding in rural areas as a private hazard for which individuals are entitled to public
protection may be counterproductive. A different approach, in which farmers’ long acceptance of periodic flooding is combined
with valuing agricultural land for ecoservices, may enable a more sustainable future for the region’s population.
Hallie Eakin received her doctorate in Geography and Regional Development from the University of Arizona in 2002. She is currently an assistant professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. As a postdoctoral researcher at the Center of Atmospheric Sciences of the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City, she continued to work on issues related to economic globalization, agricultural change, and rural vulnerability to climate in the context of several comparative international projects involving case studies in Mexico, Argentina, Guatemala, and Honduras. Her articles on this research have been published in World Development, the Journal of Environment and Development, Climatic Change, Global Environmental Change and Physical Geography. Her book Weathering Risk in Rural Mexico, based on her research on agricultural adaptation to neoliberal reforms and climatic variability in central Mexico, was released by the University of Arizona Press in 2006. Kirsten Appendini has a doctorate in Agricultural Economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). She currently is a researcher and professor on the faculty of the Center for Economic Studies (Centro de Estudios Económicos) at the Colegio de México in Mexico City. She has published widely on issues of agrarian change, rural poverty, food security, and food policy in Mexico. Her book on Mexican maize policy, De la milpa a los tortibonos: La restructración de la política alimentaria en México (Colmex 2001) is now on its second edition. She has also served as a consultant to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and several bilateral development agencies. 相似文献
Hallie EakinEmail: |
Hallie Eakin received her doctorate in Geography and Regional Development from the University of Arizona in 2002. She is currently an assistant professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. As a postdoctoral researcher at the Center of Atmospheric Sciences of the National Autonomous University of Mexico in Mexico City, she continued to work on issues related to economic globalization, agricultural change, and rural vulnerability to climate in the context of several comparative international projects involving case studies in Mexico, Argentina, Guatemala, and Honduras. Her articles on this research have been published in World Development, the Journal of Environment and Development, Climatic Change, Global Environmental Change and Physical Geography. Her book Weathering Risk in Rural Mexico, based on her research on agricultural adaptation to neoliberal reforms and climatic variability in central Mexico, was released by the University of Arizona Press in 2006. Kirsten Appendini has a doctorate in Agricultural Economics from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). She currently is a researcher and professor on the faculty of the Center for Economic Studies (Centro de Estudios Económicos) at the Colegio de México in Mexico City. She has published widely on issues of agrarian change, rural poverty, food security, and food policy in Mexico. Her book on Mexican maize policy, De la milpa a los tortibonos: La restructración de la política alimentaria en México (Colmex 2001) is now on its second edition. She has also served as a consultant to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and several bilateral development agencies. 相似文献
993.
994.
Leland L. Glenna Raymond A. JussaumeJr. Julie C. Dawson 《Agriculture and Human Values》2011,28(2):213-224
Science and technology studies (STS) research challenges the concept of technological determinism by investigating how the
end users of a technology influence that technology’s trajectory. STS critiques of determinism are needed in studies of agricultural
technology. However, we contend that focusing on the agency of end users may mask the role of political-economic factors which
influence technology developments and applications. This paper seeks to mesh STS insights with political-economic perspectives
by accounting for relationships between availability of diverse technologies, variations in political-economic structures,
and farmer interests and characteristics. We present the results of an analysis on the recent development of three wheat varieties:
(a) a wheat variety that was modified genetically to tolerate the herbicide glyphosate, (b) wheat varieties with characteristics
selected to serve specific markets, (c) and emerging research and development of perennial wheat varieties. Using data obtained
through a survey of wheat growers in Washington State, we analyzed whether farmer interest in these three clusters of wheat
varieties was associated with distinct individual characteristics and attitudes and whether those characteristics and attitudes
are consistent with political economic structures. Although our analysis did not allow us to assess the degree of direct influence
that farmers have on the technological development trajectory for these types of wheat, we were able to document variation
in technological alternatives and farmer characteristics related to different political-economic trends. 相似文献
995.
996.
AG Loeser Z Shen DS Dessau DS Marshall CH Park P Fournier A Kapitulnik 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1996,273(5273):325-329
Angle-resolved photoemission experiments reveal evidence of an energy gap in the normal state excitation spectrum of the cuprate superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. This gap exists only in underdoped samples and closes around the doping level at which the superconducting transition temperature Tc is a maximum. The momentum dependence and magnitude of the gap closely resemble those of the dx2-y2 gap observed in the superconducting state. This observation is consistent with results from several other experimental techniques, which also indicate the presence of a gap in the normal state. Some possible theoretical explanations for this effect are reviewed. 相似文献
997.
森林生态效益评价的研究进展 总被引:50,自引:0,他引:50
作者在对大量国内外文献资料研究的基础上 ,针对森林生态效益的内涵、国内外研究的现状、目前主要采用的方法及理论基础作了综述 ,并指出了在森林生态效益评价研究中存在的诸多问题 ,如替代的合理性问题、结果的可加性问题、计算的重复性问题、评价的全面性问题和主观因素的影响等 .并且在此基础上提出了对今后森林生态效益评价研究的八点建议 :(1 )进行森林多种生态效益的综合评价是今后发展的必然趋势 ;(2 )从国情出发建立我国森林生态效益评价理论框架 ;(3)在创新核算方法的基础上开展分区案例研究 ;(4 )建立区域性森林生态效益定位监测系统 ,为研究提供真实可靠的数据资料 ;(5 )更全面地研究生态效益计量评价指标 ,使之既具完备性又具独立性 ;(6 )建立森林生态效益评价标准 ,使评价结果能为林业补偿等法律政策制定提供科学的依据 ;(7)建立森林生态效益经济核算制度 ;(8)建立森林生态效益的经济补偿制度 相似文献
998.
999.
There is a fundamental divergence of opinion between the EU and the US over how food products derived from genetically modified organisms should be labeled. This has less to do with safety, as moves towards the international harmonization of safety standards continue apace, and rather more to do with the consumers' right to know about the origins of the food they are consuming. This paper uses a framework drawn from the global public goods (GPG) literature of economics and the work by international relations theorists on formal international organizations (FIO) to explain why there is presently no global consensus on the manner (voluntary or mandatory) in which GM food products should be labeled. 相似文献
1000.
Chien M Morozova I Shi S Sheng H Chen J Gomez SM Asamani G Hill K Nuara J Feder M Rineer J Greenberg JJ Steshenko V Park SH Zhao B Teplitskaya E Edwards JR Pampou S Georghiou A Chou IC Iannuccilli W Ulz ME Kim DH Geringer-Sameth A Goldsberry C Morozov P Fischer SG Segal G Qu X Rzhetsky A Zhang P Cayanis E De Jong PJ Ju J Kalachikov S Shuman HA Russo JJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,305(5692):1966-1968
We present the genomic sequence of Legionella pneumophila, the bacterial agent of Legionnaires' disease, a potentially fatal pneumonia acquired from aerosolized contaminated fresh water. The genome includes a 45-kilobase pair element that can exist in chromosomal and episomal forms, selective expansions of important gene families, genes for unexpected metabolic pathways, and previously unknown candidate virulence determinants. We highlight the genes that may account for Legionella's ability to survive in protozoa, mammalian macrophages, and inhospitable environmental niches and that may define new therapeutic targets. 相似文献