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61.
Masaharu MURATA Kotaro FUKUSHIMA Tomoka TAKAO Hiroyuki SEKI Satoru TAKEDA Norio WAKE 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(1):7-13
Oxidative stress has been recognized as an important factor in the pathophysiology of
preeclampsia. It has been reported that the expression of xanthine oxidase (XO) in the
cytotrophoblast and plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level are
significantly higher in preeclamptics than in control women. The aim of this study was to
clarify the biological influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by XO on
extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells. TCL1 cells, a human immortalized EVT cell line, were
incubated with xanthine and XO (X/XO). We then measured the cell number, urate level of
the culture media and the apoptotic cell ratio. Similar experiments were performed with
additional administration of allopurinol, catalase, L-NAME or D-NAME, and with
administration of H2O2 in substitution for X/XO. We assessed the
effects of H2O2 on invasion ability, tube-like formation and protein
expression of HIF1A and ITGAV of TCL1. Finally, the apoptotic cell ratio using primary
cultured trophoblasts was measured following exposure to H2O2. X/XO
decreased the relative cell number and increased the urate level and apoptotic cell ratio
significantly. Elevation of the urate level and apoptotic cell ratio was attenuated by
allopurinol and catalase, respectively. L-NAME and D-NAME had no influence on these
effects. H2O2 also decreased the relative cell number. Pretreatment
with H2O2 significantly inhibited the invasion ability, tube-like
formation and HIF1A and ITGAV of TCL1. H2O2 also induced apoptosis
in primary cultured trophoblasts. In conclusion, ROS produced by XO induced apoptosis and
affected EVT function including invasion and differentiation. 相似文献
62.
In this study, wind tunnel experiment has carried out to investigate the self staring capability for straight bladed vertical axis wind turbine. The flow visualization has also been performed at the rest of the rotor. The effect of the azimuthal angle of blade position relative to wind direction on the self starting capability was discussed based on the results of flow visualization. The torque and the centripetal force of the rotor when the self starting behavior starts were roughly calculated by using the result of flow visualization of the rotor. It was suggested that there exist the condition of wind speed and configuration of the blade position of the rotor at the rest of rotor to the reach to situational rotation number. 相似文献
63.
Distribution patterns and population structure of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans 下载免费PDF全文
Rui Coelho Jaime Mejuto Andrés Domingo Kotaro Yokawa Kwang‐Ming Liu Enric Cortés Evgeny V. Romanov Charlene da Silva Fábio Hazin Freddy Arocha Aldrin Masawbi Mwilima Pascal Bach Victoria Ortiz de Zárate William Roche Pedro G. Lino Blanca García‐Cortés Ana M. Ramos‐Cartelle Rodrigo Forselledo Federico Mas Seiji Ohshimo Dean Courtney Philippe S. Sabarros Bernardo Perez Ciara Wogerbauer Wen‐Pei Tsai Felipe Carvalho Miguel N. Santos 《Fish and Fisheries》2018,19(1):90-106
The blue shark (Prionace glauca) is the most frequently captured shark in pelagic oceanic fisheries, especially pelagic longlines targeting swordfish and/or tunas. As part of cooperative scientific efforts for fisheries and biological data collection, information from fishery observers, scientific projects and surveys, and from recreational fisheries from several nations in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans was compiled. Data sets included information on location, size and sex, in a total of 478,220 blue shark records collected between 1966 and 2014. Sizes ranged from 36 to 394 cm fork length. Considerable variability was observed in the size distribution by region and season in both oceans. Larger blue sharks tend to occur in equatorial and tropical regions, and smaller specimens in higher latitudes in temperate waters. Differences in sex ratios were also detected spatially and seasonally. Nursery areas in the Atlantic seem to occur in the temperate south‐east off South Africa and Namibia, in the south‐west off southern Brazil and Uruguay, and in the north‐east off the Iberian Peninsula and the Azores. Parturition may occur in the tropical north‐east off West Africa. In the Indian Ocean, nursery areas also seem to occur in temperate waters, especially in the south‐west Indian Ocean off South Africa, and in the south‐east off south‐western Australia. The distributional patterns presented in this study provide a better understanding of how blue sharks segregate by size and sex, spatially and temporally, and improve the scientific advice to help adopt more informed and efficient management and conservation measures for this cosmopolitan species. 相似文献
64.
Takao Nitani Kotaro Akai Ryo Hasegawa Yu Ayukawa Ricardo Romero Garcia Atsushi Chitose Ken Komatsu Hidehiko Kikuno Keiko T. Natsuaki Tsutomu Arie 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):165-168
In 2016, in Miyakojima, Okinawa, Japan, banana plants (Musa?×?paradisiaca) ‘Shima-banana’ developed yellowing and wilt associated with vascular discoloration of the pseudostems. Fusarium oxysporum, identified based on morphological characters, was frequently isolated from the vascular tissue of the infected plant and reproduced the original symptoms on ‘Shima-banana’ after drench inoculation with a spore suspension. Thereby, we determined that the disease is Panama disease caused by F. oxysporum. This is the first official report of Panama disease (Panama-byo in Japanese) of banana in Japan. 相似文献
65.
66.
Kotaro Zushi 《Journal of Forest Research》2007,12(4):289-297
Digital terrain modeling and spatial climatic data have been used to estimate the spatial distribution of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) forest productivity on a regional-scale. The study was conducted on Japanese cedar forests in Himi city, Oyabe city,
Takaoka city, and Imizu city (a total area of 683 km2) in northwestern Toyama Prefecture. On the basis of data from 146 sample stands, above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP)
was calculated from tree height, age, and density using existing ANPP conversion equations for Japanese cedar stands. Six
topographic factors (slope, profile curvature, plan curvature, openness, wetness index, and topographic radiation index) were
calculated from a 10-m cell size digital elevation model. Three climatic factors (annual mean temperature, annual total precipitation,
and annual maximum snow depth) were obtained from an existing spatial data set. Relationships between ANPP and environmental
factors were analyzed by regression tree models. For the tree model with ANPP as a dependent variable, four environmental
factors (annual mean temperature, wetness index, openness, topographic radiation index) were adopted as independent variables.
Annual mean temperature was the first split variable in this model and explained 25.5% of the total deviance in ANPP. Wetness
index, which represents soil moisture variation caused by lateral flow, explained 11.5% of the total deviance in ANPP. The
resulting tree model explained approximately half of the total deviation in ANPP and indicated that the spatial distribution
of Japanese cedar productivity was controlled by regional-scale interactions between climatic and topographic processes. A
high-resolution map of productivity was prepared by use of the ANPP prediction model and vegetation information obtained from
satellite data. 相似文献
67.
Horiguchi K Fukuta S Yoshida M Kosugi T Naito J Ishida M Harigaya T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):915-922
Phosphorylated prolactin (PPRL) is considered to be the most quantitatively important post-translationally modified form of prolactin (PRL) in rodents. We recently detected two different types of PPRL in the mouse pituitary gland; one was phosphorylated at serine and the other was phosphorylated at serine/threonine. Furthermore, we showed that there are obvious differences in the ratios between PPRLs and non-phosphorylated PRL in the pituitary gland based on age and sex and that estrogen influences PRL phosphorylation at serine in female mice. In the present study, we examined whether estradiol (E2) increases serine PPRL in the male pituitary gland in the same manner as in the female pituitary gland and examined whether PPRL is released into serum. We first determined the relative amounts of intrapituitary PPRLs in male mice under different pharmacological conditions that increased PRL secretion. The results indicated that treatment with E2 increases serine PPRL. We then performed two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting analysis after immunoprecipitation with anti-mouse PRL antibody using male and female sera under different pharmacological conditions that increased PRL secretion. The results of this experiment indicated that there were PRLs phosphorylated at serine and serine/threonine in the female serum but not in the male serum. The levels of PPRLs in sera were greatly increased with the E2 treatment for both male and female sera. Furthermore, we examined the effect of E2 on PPRL synthesis in cultured male pituitary glands. In this experiment, we observed increased serine PPRL synthesis and stronger immunohistochemical staining of PRL cells with E2 treatment. These findings suggested that serine PPRL synthesis and secretion were influenced by estrogen. 相似文献
68.
Ishida M Ohashi S Kizaki Y Naito J Horiguchi K Harigaya T 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(1):69-76
The placenta is a highly differentiated organ essential for embryonic growth and development. In order to search for key molecules that are associated with mouse placental lactogen II (mPL-II) gene expression, we applied mouse cDNA microarray analysis to RNAs extracted from placentae on days 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 of pregnancy. Changes in gene expression were categorized between days 10 and 12, 12 and 14, 14 and 16 and 16 and 18 of pregnancy. After microarray analysis, which had a minimum detectable fold change for differential expression of 2, we selected 10 genes, Apoa2, Apoc2, Ceacam14, Creg1, Fmo1, Igf2, Slc2a1, Spink3, Spi1-1 and Tpbpa, exhibiting a expression pattern similar to the mPL-II gene. Furthermore, we performed real-time PCR analysis and in situ hybridization (ISH) to find correlative expression genes for the mPL-II gene. From these results, we identified a resemblance in gene expression between mPL-II and Igf2 and selected these genes for performance of double-fluorescence immunohistochemical staining. We colocalized these proteins in labyrinthine trophoblast cells. These results strongly suggest that the expression of mPL-II and Igf2 is highly related to placental development in mice. This large-scale identification of genes regulated during placentogenesis assists in further elucidation of the molecular basis of extraembryonic development and function. 相似文献
69.
Estimation of genetic parameters for carcass defects of Japanese Black cattle in Kagoshima 下载免费PDF全文
Kazutaka Nishi Takeshi Shimogiri Akinori Kusano Shinichi Sakamoto Kiyomi Shiromoto Kotaro Kawabe Shin Okamoto Takeshi Honda Kenji Oyama 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(5):655-660
Cattle exhibit a range of carcass defects, including blood splash (BLS), intramuscular edema (INE), muscle steatosis (MUS), bruising (BR), trim loss (TRL) and others (OTH). These defects lower the carcass value and can result in significant economic loss to producers. We estimated the incidence, relationship with inbreeding coefficients and genetic parameters of carcass defects in Japanese Black cattle using 561 619 carcass records from Kagoshima, Japan during April 1988 through March 2011. The defect incidence ranged from 0.22% for TRL to 5.73% for BR. The incidence of MUS and BR increased from 1.21% to 6.57% and from 1.06% to 9.31%, respectively. The incidence of INE peaked at 7.44% in 1999 and decreased thereafter. We observed a positive linear relationship between the defect incidence and the inbreeding coefficients in MUS, BR and TRL (P < 0.01). The heritabilities estimated by univariate animal model with Gibbs sampling for BLS, INE, MUS, BR and TRL were 0.24, 0.06, 0.18, 0.05 and 0.02, respectively. The contribution of farm variance to phenotypic variance was negligible (0.01 to 0.04). Significant genetic correlations of TRL were estimated with MUS (0.63) and BR (0.63). Our results suggest that genetic factors contribute to the incidence of BLS and MUS. 相似文献
70.
Øystein Langangen Jan Ohlberger Leif Christian Stige Rémi Patin Lucie Buttay Nils Christian Stenseth Kotaro Ono Joël M. Durant 《Fish and Fisheries》2023,24(1):176-186
Mass mortality events are ubiquitous in nature and can be caused by, for example, diseases, extreme weather and human perturbations such as contamination. Despite being prevalent and rising globally, how mass mortality in early life causes population-level effects such as reduced total population biomass, is not fully explored. In particular for fish, mass mortality affecting early life may be dampened by compensatory density-dependent processes. However, due to large variations in year-class strength, potentially caused by density-independent variability in survival, the impact at the population level may be high in certain years. We quantify population-level impacts at two levels of mass mortality (50% and 99% additional mortality) during early life across 40 fish species using age-structured population dynamics models. The findings from these species-specific models are further supported by an analysis of detailed stock-specific models for three of the species. We find that population impacts are highly variable between years and species. Short-lived species that exhibit a low degree of compensatory density dependence and high interannual variation in survival experience the strongest impacts at the population level. These quantitative and general relationships allow predicting the range of potential impacts of mass mortality events on species based on their life history. This is critical considering that the frequency and severity of mass mortality events are increasing worldwide. 相似文献