农业产业化运行机制的现实分析

农业产业化是一项涉及多部门、多产业、多主体的系统工程，这一系统能否高效的运作.是实施农业产业化发展战略的关键。木文通过对农业产业化运行模式和运行机制的现实分析.阐述了在新形势下如何有效建立起农业产业化的运行机制。     

全沟硬蜱围食膜初步观察研究

本工作用光镜和电镜技术对全沟硬蜱的围食膜进行了初步观察研究。结果表明，饥饿幼虫、若虫、成虫以及吸血期雄性成虫不具围食膜。吸血期幼虫、若虫及雌性成虫最晚分别于吸血开始后20、20及18小时出现了单层结构的围食膜；缓慢吸血期围食膜的厚度持续增加，而在快速吸血期其厚度却会显著减小。饱血后发育期围食膜不断增厚，愈来愈拱曲，与肠壁的距离不断扩大，并形成多层结构；至少分别于饱血后12、25及11天，仍能在幼虫、若虫及雌性成虫肠腔观察到完好状态的围食膜。全沟硬蜱是我国北方地区多种血液传播病原体的重要媒介，其围食膜的发现及围食膜形态变化的初步描述，对进一步认识这些病原体在全沟硬蜱体内迁移扩散规律、发育动态以及向宿主的传播途径，可提供有益的启示。     

非平行直纹面的电解磨削

为解决整体叶轮扭曲叶片型面的精加工难题,本文进行了五轴联动数控展成电解磨削的基础研究.在分析平行直纹展成电解磨削整体叶轮扭曲叶片的过切误差、得到过切误差计算公式的基础上,提出用圆锥磨轮和组合式五轴联动数控方案来消除过切误差的方法.文中还介绍了数控展成电解磨床的结构与运动、经济型多轴数控系统及其联动控制方法,并建立了电解磨削非平行直纹展成曲面的数学模型,开发了五轴联动数控展成电解磨削自动数控编程系统,对航空发动机整体叶轮的叶片型面进行电解磨削.结果表明,加工效率比手工修磨、抛光提高了12倍以上.     

长翅燕蝗发生与防治初报

2001年5月末至6月上旬，在岫岩县牧牛乡河滩地上的枫杨上，发现大批蝗虫危害，每棵树上均有一千头以上蝗虫成虫在取食叶片，稍经震动即可起飞。在树冠下的草地上仍有部分蝗蝻取食杂草，经现场调查平均每平方米有幼蝻105头，多者达270多头。6月中旬枫杨树叶基本被吃光，开始转入邻近的玉米田危害，平均每株玉米有长翅燕蝗成虫38头，多者达80多头，仅一夜间邻近枫杨的玉米叶肉己被吃光，受害面积几百公顷，来势凶猛。     

PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫效果观察

应用组织学方法比较观察了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)弱毒细胞疫苗与灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫的效果。试验选用5月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪18头。PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗通过生殖道黏膜免疫接种。结果表明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪的子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数较灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜免疫接种组和对照组母猪显著减少(P<0.01);而且子宫黏膜上皮变矮变薄,变得有些不规则。灭活疫苗生殖道黏膜接种组母猪子宫黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞数与对照组母猪间差异不显著(P>0.05)。本试验结果显示PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫接种则对生殖道黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞产生抑制作用。说明PRRSV弱毒细胞疫苗和灭活疫苗经生殖道黏膜免疫效果不理想     

鸡传染性法氏囊病继发大肠杆菌感染的诊断研究

笔者饲养的200多只蛋鸡用种公鸡于50日龄左右突然发病，主要症状为食欲剧减甚至废绝，羽毛逆立，缩颈嗜眠。倒提时口内流出大量黏液状液体，排恶臭白色或微黄带泡沫稀粪，呈水样。发病率达80％，死亡率达32％。剖检可见部分鸡胸肌和腿肌出血，法氏囊水肿出血，个别鸡法氏囊内有黄色较硬的球状分泌物，有的鸡有心包炎和肝周炎，肠道、脾脏和肾脏有出血点。综合以上症状和实验室病毒学和细菌学检测，确诊为传染性法氏囊病继发大肠杆菌感染。     

提高半湿润地区杂交玉米种子发芽率的有效措施

清水县位于甘肃省东南部,介于34°32′～34°58′N、105°45′～106°30′E之间,属陇中南部半湿润区,年降水量662mm左右,降水主要集中在7～9月份,占年降水量的55%.清水县城关川区中晚成熟玉米品种的生长期是从4月下旬后期到9月下旬后期,大致148d左右.     

Development of Chinese Near-isogenic Line of Rice and Their Differentiating Ability of Pathogenic Races of Blast Fungus

The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa‘s differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI‘ s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI‘s NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI‘s NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.     

Cloning of plasma membrane H-ATPase gene in Populus euphratica Oliv.

For this paper, the plasma membrane (PM) H -ATPase gene has been cloned from Populus euphratica Oliv. through a homology based strategy. The isolated 3,210 bp cDNA contains a single 2,862 bp open reading frame (ORF) which encodes a putative H -ATPase protein of 953 amino acid residues, with a significant homology to plasma membrane H -ATPase of Primus persica, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesbania rostrata and Daucus carota. The predicted protein has a molecular weight of 104,553 Da. The copy number analysis revealed multiple copies of the PM H -ATPase in the P. euphratica genome after digestion of their genomic DNA by the restriction enzymes EcoRI, NdeⅠ, FbaⅠand BglⅡ, and Southern blot.     

补饲不同配方酶制剂对犊牛断奶后生产性能的影响

选择健康无病、6- 7月龄间断奶的公牛犊 30头 ,随机分成 3组 ,即对照组 CK、试验组 TE1和 TE2 ,每组 1 0头。对照 CK组饲喂基础日粮 ;试验 TE1和 TE2 组分别补饲0 .1 %由纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E1和由木聚糖酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E2 ;试验 60 d,测定加酶对生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,与 CK组相比 ,TE1组日增重提高 7.51 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 7.0 0 % (P<0 .0 5)、1 .2 3% (P<0 .0 5) ;TE2 组增重提高 4.2 0 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 3.86% (P<0 .0 5)和 0 .31 % (P>0 .0 5) ;试验组犊牛断奶后对粗饲料的适应性有所增强 ;两组酶配方中 ,以纤维素酶为主的 E1效果优于 E2