金顶侧耳与黄白侧耳性亲和特性的研究

研究了金顶侧耳 (Pleurotuscitrinipileatus)与黄白侧耳 (Pleurotuscornucopiae)的性亲和性及其杂交菌株的特性 ,结果表明 :金顶侧耳与黄白侧耳相互亲和 ;获得的 2株杂交菌株CC - 1、CC - 2的生长最适宜温度分别为 2 3 38～ 2 4 6 2℃、 2 3 6 1～ 2 4 19℃ ,而其亲本金顶侧耳 (0 5 79)和黄白侧耳 (MH0 0 30 1)交配型基准株的最适宜生长温度分别为 2 4 0 3～2 6 37℃、 2 4 2 7～ 2 6 33℃ ,杂交菌株的最适宜生长温度均低于亲本菌株     

Ginkgo biloba extract enhances c-jun expression and attenuates motoneuron death induced by root avulsion

AIM: To investigate the influence of Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) on c-jun expressions and motoneurons survival following root avulsion. METHODS: One hundred and eighty adult Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into control and EGb761 groups. Immediately after avulsion of C5-T1 nerve roots, the rats were injected ip with either 1 mL of EGb761 25 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 or the same volume of normal saline, and the treatment repeated everyday. At 4 h to 6 weeks following avulsion, the C7 spinal segments of all rats were collected and prepared for c-jun immunocytochemistry and neutral red stain. The numbers of c-jun positive and survival motoneurons were counted and compared between two groups at each time point. RESULTS: In control rats following avulsion, c-jun positive motoneurons appeared at 4 h, reached its maximum at 1 d and declined to 2 weeks. Avulsion-induced motoneurons death started at 2 weeks, climbed to its maximum at 4 weeks-6 weeks. In EGb761 treated rats, both numbers of c-jun positive and survival motoneurons were more than that in control group at each time point. CONCLUSION: EGb761 attenuates avulsion-induced motoneurons death, and this effect may be related to up-regulation of c-jun gene in avulsed motoneurons.     

日本刀角瓢虫形态特征及生物学特性研究

日本刀角瓢虫是粉虱类害虫的重要捕食性天敌之一、本文详细地描述了日本刀角瓢虫的形态特征，并附有各虫态的特征图。且对日本刀角瓢虫的生活习性进行了观察、以烟粉虱卵为食料，日本刀角瓢虫世代发育历期平均为22．56天，成虫平均寿命为9l94天，平均每雌产卵量为564．8粒：以烟粉虱若虫为食料，日本刀角虫世代发育历期平均为21．70天，成虫平均寿命为81．62天，平均每雌产卵量为650．0粒：瓢虫可捕食烟粉虱的卵、若虫、“蛹”、成虫各虫态，是烟粉虱的有效天敌，具有很好的保护利用价值。     

蚕粪中提取叶绿素铜钠盐的稳定性研究

以蚕粪为原料,95%的乙醇为溶剂提取叶绿素,并通过化学法制得叶绿素的铜纳盐。采用721分光光度计对叶绿素铜钠盐进行定性、定量测定,确定该色素测定系统中的最大波长为414nm。通过测量吸光值研究了几种常用食品添加剂对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响,并对其耐光、耐热、耐酸碱及耐氧化性、耐还原性进行探讨。结果表明:叶绿素铜钠盐在70℃以下稳定性较好;光照对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大;还原剂(Na2S2O3)对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大,氧化剂在短时间内对其稳定性的影响不大,但放置的时间不宜超过30min;叶绿素铜钠盐在pH值为6以上的溶液中较为稳定,且有机酸及单糖对其稳定性无明显影响。     

密花香薷挥发油成分的分析研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气相色谱-质谱-计算机联用法对密花香薷的挥发性成分进行了分析和鉴定.分离出93个峰,确认了其中的84种化合物,其含量占全油的88.34%.主要化学成分为大根香叶烯(18.83%);D-柠檬烯(11.17%);2,5,5-三四基-1,3,6-庚三烯(6.30%);6-亚甲基-双环[3,1,0]己烷(5.90%);氧化石竹烯(3.94%);石竹烯(3.36%);4-碳-3,5-二甲基环己-1-烯(2.88%);α-3-环己烯-1-醇(2.06%).     

九种根际促生菌最适培养条件初探

测定了分离自燕麦和小麦根际九株促生菌对温度、pH值、光照及培养方式的需求,结果表明:虽然九株促生菌适应范围较广,即在5~45℃、pH4~9、3种光照条件(12h黑暗12h光照、24h光照和24h黑暗)和3种培养方式(全天振荡、间歇振荡和静止培养)下均能较好生长,但不同菌株的最适培养条件不尽相同。通过对各菌株的最适培养条件进行了测定和分析,为后续确定促生菌的最佳发酵条件和生态适应性评价提供了依据。     

土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫肌动蛋白基因的克隆及其序列分析

目的利用RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫肌动蛋白基因全长序列并进行序列分析.方法根据日本血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫肌动蛋白基因的保守区设计引物,利用RT-PCR扩增出土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫的肌动蛋白基因的大片段,再结合RACE技术分别得到肌动蛋白的3＇端和5＇端,将三部分序列拼接后获得肌动蛋白基因的全长cDNA序列并进行序列分析.结果成功克隆了土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫肌动蛋白的全长cDNA并提交GenBank,登录号为DQ017265,核酸序列比对表明东毕吸虫肌动蛋白基因的核苷酸序列和日本血吸虫、曼氏血吸虫的同源性分别为90%和91%.结论土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫肌动蛋白的全长cDNA的克隆为进一步表达及其生物学性能的分析提供了理论基础.     

H1N1猪流感广东株血凝素基因的克隆与序列分析

用RT-PCR方法扩增H1N1亚型猪流感病毒广东分离株A／Swine／GuangDong／711／2001HA基因，对其进行了克隆和测序。结果显示，HA基因全长1771bp．共编码579个氨基酸。A／Swine／Guang Dong／711／2001HA基因编码的氨基酸序列中有8个糖基化位点，5个位于HAl基因的第27、28、40、104和287位点，3个位于HA2基因的21、153和213位点。与H1N1亚型猪流感经典毒株比较后发现，血凝素糖基化位点并不是高度保守的。将A／Swine／Guang Dong／711／2001与自Gen Bank读取的1918年人流感毒株A／South Carolina／1／18、1991年人流感毒株A／MD／12／91和1997年猪流感毒株A／Swine／Wisconsin／238／97等进行核苷酸同源性比较分析，A／Swine／Guang Dong／711／2001与A／SouthCarolina／1／18、A／MD／12／91和A／Swine／Wisconsin／238／97等毒株的核苷酸同源性分别为93．9％、94．7％和93．9％。从系统发生树来看，A／Swine／Guang Dong／711／2001与A／South Carolina／1／18和A／Swine／Wisconsin／238／97的亲缘关系相近。     

抗附红细胞体有效药物的筛选

以PCR检测附红细胞体呈现阳性，且镜检染虫率达909／5以上的猪血样为研究对象，选择几种附红细胞体敏感的药物(血虫净，附红净，庆大霉素，博士914，土霉素，三毒清，红弓链914，附红120，红弓链克，乌金土霉素)和对支原体敏感的恩诺沙星，对立克次氏体敏感的红霉素，采用两种方法进行体外药效试验。附红净对附红细胞体的作用效果最明显，而庆大霉素对附红细胞体基本无效，其他药物对附红细胞体也有一定杀灭效果。     

Determination and Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in the Soil from Beef Cattle Farms in Three Regions of Xinjiang

In order to study and evaluate the feeding environment of the beef cattle farms in Xinjiang, the contents of heavy mentals in the soil from 8 beef cattle farms in Xinjiang Aksu, Yili and Tacheng regions were tested according to the Field of Livestock and Poultry Environment Quality Standard (NY/T 388—1999).The atomic absorption spectroscopic method was used to determine the contents of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cr.The mean contents of As, Hg, Pb, Cd, and Cr in 8 beef cattle farms soil were 0.389, 0.568, 22.708, 0.573 and 149.449 mg/kg, respectively, and they were all below the upper limit of NY/T 388—1999.The comprehensive heavy metal pollution index of 8 beef cattle farms were 0.577 to 0.994, and the index were 0.7 to 1 of two observation points in Yili and one observation point in Tacheng.The soil environment quality of these 3 farms were at the level of slight cleaning.The comprehensive heavy metal pollution index of other five observation points were ≤0.7, the soil environment was in a clean level.The soil environment of beef cattle farms in these three regions conformed to the standards of livestock for environment quality and safe products.