田间害虫种群抽样技术中指数法的参数估计

针对Ｔｏｙｌｏｒ指数法用广义ＬＳ法对其参数进行了估计，并利用ＢＯＸ百分偏差对估计偏差进行了度量，从而可以有效的控制把估计精度不高的参数值用于田间害虫的抽样技术之中。     

小麦抗病基因同源序列(RGAs)的克隆与分析

RGA(抗性基因同源序列)法是克隆植物抗性基因的一种经济有效的方法,成为近年来的研究热点。本实验综合分析了拟南芥,西红柿,水稻,烟草等植物已克隆的抗性基因,并以这些抗性基因的NBS(核酸结合位点),LRR(富含亮氨酸重复),STK(丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶)保守结构域设计并合成了几十对RGA引物,对小麦抗条锈病材料进行PCR扩增,获得以Xal-NBS为引物的R88RGA片段,经克隆和序列比对分析,发现该片段与逆境条件下植物抗病信号传导相关,与蛋白激酶同源性达到96%。此项研究对抗病机理的研究和基因的发掘有重要的指导意义。     

活性粉末混凝土(RPC)预应力叠合梁受弯性能研究

为研究活性粉末混凝土(RPC)材料的结构性能，设计了三根活性粉末混凝土无粘结预应力叠合梁，对其受弯性能进行了研究，得到了关于截面应变分布、钢绞线应力增量、中点挠度等有效的试验数据以及试验梁的裂缝分布和破坏特征．试验结果表明，RPC叠合梁的截面应变符合平截面假定；裂缝分布仍然具有明显的纯无粘结预应力梁的裂缝分布特征；荷载-挠度曲线为两直线段形状，且有效预应力越大，试验梁延性越差，破坏时挠度越小，荷载-预应力增量曲线形状与荷载-挠度曲线形状相似，呈两直线段．文中还建立了试验梁的开裂弯矩和刚度计算公式，理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好．     

油茶饼粕有机肥对番茄生长表观及生理指标的影响

将油茶饼粕作为有机肥,设置4个不同比例油茶饼粕作为有机肥进行番茄栽培试验,对番茄苗高、地径、干物质含量、叶片叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、根系活力、以及结果率和可溶性固形物含量的测定,分析了油茶饼粕有机肥对番茄生长指标、生理指标以及结果和品质的影响.结果表明,油茶饼粕有机肥能促进番茄苗高、地径生长,提高植株干物质、叶绿素、可溶性糖含量,增强根系活力并提高番茄结果率,提升番茄品质.30％饼粕+70％土壤作为基肥对番茄生长的促进效果最佳,表明油茶饼粕适合作为有机肥进行利用.     

The impact of antibiotics (benzylpenicillin,and nystatin) on the biological properties of ordinary chernozems

In recent years, the input of antibiotics into soils has sharply increased. We studied the impact antibiotics (benzylpenicillin, pharmasin, and nystatin) at different concentrations (100 and 600 mg/kg) on population densities of microorganisms and enzymatic activity of ordinary chernozems in model experiments. The applied doses of antibiotics had definite suppressing effects on population densities of microorganisms (up to 30–70% of the control) and on the soil enzymatic activity (20–70% of the control). Correlation analysis showed close correlation between the concentrations of antibiotics and the population densities of soil microorganisms (r = ?0.68–0.86). Amylolytic bacteria had the highest resistance to the antibiotics, whereas ammonifying bacteria had the lowest resistance. Among the studied enzymes belonging to oxidoreductases and hydrolases, catalase and phosphatase had the highest and the lowest resistance to the antibiotics, respectively. The effect of antibiotics on the biological properties of the chernozem lasted for a long time. The studied parameters were not completely recovered in 120 days.     

Inhibition of Enzymatic Activity of Ordinary Chernozem by Gaseous Products of Plant Matter Combustion

Eurasian Soil Science - Pyrogenic impact changes radically the natural ecosystems and slows down the natural rehabilitation of territories. Smoke from fires is one of the serious factors of...     

不同沙生植被土壤微团聚体分形特征及抗蚀性

应用分形理论,以沙裸地为对照,不同沙生植被类型为研究对象,分析了不同沙生植被类型对土壤理化性质及抗蚀性的影响。结果表明,不同沙生植被中,踏郎土壤微团聚体组成和颗粒组成1～0.25 mm粒级含量较高;白柠条和踏郎的土壤微团聚体分形维数较低,且显著低于沙裸地。颗粒分形维数为沙蒿和踏郎较高,白柠条最低。沙裸地可蚀性K值最大,花棒和踏郎的可蚀性K值较小。综合分析表明沙裸地种植植被后,可以提高土壤质量和抗蚀性,其中踏郎较其它植被类型能更好地改善沙化土壤质量和提高土壤抗蚀性。     

Methane emission from bogs in the subtaiga of Western Siberia: The development of standard model

The methane emission from typical bog landscapes of the West Siberian subtaiga was studied in the summer-autumn of 2007?C2010. The lowest specific fluxes (the median value is 0.08 mg C-CH₄/m² per h) were recorded from ryams (raised bogs with dwarf shrub-sphagnum associations). From the ridges of the ridge-pool complexes, the fluxes were estimated at 0.49 mg C-CH₄/m² per h; from the oligotrophic hollows, eutrophic bogs, floating lake mats, and mesotrophic quaking bogs, they were estimated at 2.68, 3.36, 4.53, and 4.98 mg C-CH₄/m² per h, respectively. The maximal flux was determined from the lakes (the median is 17.98 mg C-CH₄/m² per h). The regional assessment of the methane flux from the bogs of Western Siberia (2.93 Tg C-CH₄/yr) was obtained on the basis of the authors?? and literature data.     

新吉富罗非鱼的含肉率及营养价值评定

测定了新吉富罗非鱼的含肉率及营养成分组成。结果表明,新吉富罗非鱼的含肉率平均为71．28g／100g;粗蛋白为20．28g／100g;水解氨基酸含量为17．03g／100g,其中必需氨基酸含量为7．95g／100g,占氨基酸总量的46．68％;鲜味氨基酸含量为5．99g／100g,占氨基酸总量的35．17％;第一限制氨基酸为亮氨酸;必需氨基酸指数为82．79。说明新吉富罗非鱼是一种优质的蛋白质来源。     

植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ脱脂乳的发酵工艺优化

为研发富含植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ新型益生菌发酵乳制品,该试验尝试用植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ和嗜热链球菌共发酵,并对植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ发酵乳的工艺进行了优化研究。通过单因素试验分析了大豆多肽添加量、葡萄糖酸锰添加量、嗜热链球菌的接种量和发酵温度对发酵乳的pH值和植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ活菌数的影响。通过响应面法优化并确定了最佳工艺条件:大豆多肽添加质量分数11 g/kg;葡萄糖酸锰添加质量分数11 mg/kg;嗜热链球菌的接种量106 CFU/g;植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ的接种量106 CFU/g;发酵温度为37℃。在此优化最佳工艺条件下,发酵乳的植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ的活菌数为1.88×109 CFU/mL,有效地提高了发酵乳中植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ的活菌数。研究结果可为拓展植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ在乳制品领域的应用提供参考。