Characterization of Genomic Integration and Transgene Organization in Six Transgenic Rapeseed Events

To characterize the DNA rearrangement of both the T-DNA region and the genomic insertion site during T-DNA insertion, the Genomewalker strategy was used to isolate the junctions between the inserted DNA and the plant genomic DNA in six rapeseed events as well as the genomic DNA at the sites before integration. During transformation in each of the six events, portions of both the right border（RB） and left border（LB） regions of the T-DNA were deleted, ranging from a 7 nucleotide deletion of the LB repeats in event RF1 to a 207 bp deletion of the LB region in event RF2. For the six events, T-DNA integration resulted in a deletion at the target site spanning less than 100 bp. Sequence analysis indicated that the T-DNA was integrated into the coding region of various native rapeseed genes in events RF1 and RF2. Duplications of the genomic DNA target site were observed in events RF2, RF3 and Topas 19/2. And multimerization of transgenes was found in event Topas 19/2, in which, the T-DNA was integrated as a head-to-head（RB-to-RB） concatemer into the recipient genome. In event MS1, chromosomal translocation or a large target-site deletion may have occurred during T-DNA integration, which was identified due to a failure to amplify the presumptive insertion site based on the flanking rapeseed DNA sequences. Our results provide comprehensive data concerning transgene organization and the genomic context of the T-DNA in six rapeseed events, which can aid in the developing of insert fingerprinting and the monitoring of long-term genetic stability and potential unintended effects of transgenic events.     

Toxicity of cadmium and its competition with mineral nutrients for uptake by plants:A review

Cadmium(Cd)is a toxic heavy metal occurring in the environment naturally and is also generated through various anthropogenic sources and acts as a pollutant.Human health is affected by Cd pollution in farmland soils because food is the main source of Cd intake in the non-smoking population.For crops,Cd toxicity may result from a disturbance in uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients and disturbance in plant metabolism,inhibiting plant growth and development.However,plants have Cd tolerance mechanisms,including restricted Cd uptake,decreased Cd root-to-shoot translocation,enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities,and increased production of phytochelatins.Furthermore,optimal supply of mineral nutrients is one of the strategies to alleviate the damaging effects of Cd on plants and to avoid its entry into the food chain.The emerging molecular knowledge contributes to understanding Cd uptake,translocation,and remobilization in plants.In this review,Cd toxicity and tolerance mechanisms,agricultural practices to minimize Cd accumulation,Cd competition with essential elements(calcium,copper,iron,zinc,and manganese),and genes associated with Cd uptake are discussed in detail,especially regarding how these mineral nutrients and genes play a role in decreasing Cd uptake and accumulation in crop plants.     

补喂支链氨基酸、肌酸对伊犁马血浆生化指标的影响

【目的】研究补喂支链氨基酸(BCAA)、肌酸(Cr)对伊犁马血浆抗氧化指标、激素水平、肌酸、葡萄糖浓度以及乳酸、尿酸和肌酐含量的影响,为支链氨基酸、肌酸作为伊犁马有效的营养添加剂提供参考数据。【方法】选取年龄3~5岁(平均4岁),体重390~514 kg(平均457±50 kg),经过良好训练的伊犁马公马12匹进行试验。分为3组,每组4匹,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组。对照组补喂不添加任何添加物的补喂料,试验Ⅰ组补喂添加BCAA的补喂料,试验Ⅱ组补喂添加Cr的补喂料。分别在补饲的0、1、14、21和31 d补喂后4 h颈静脉采集血液。采用试剂盒法测定相关指标。【结果】补喂Cr能够明显提高T-AOC能力,Cr补喂组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05),特别是在14和31d比对照组提高了21.79%和25.68%;补喂BCAA降低试验期间MDA的含量;对于血浆中的胰岛素、胰高血糖素和皮质醇等3种激素水平,肌酸、葡萄糖、乳酸、尿酸和肌酐的浓度与对照组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】补喂BCAA可以降低脂质过氧化产物MDA的浓度;补喂Cr可以提高SOD的活力和提高伊犁马血浆的T-AOC能力;补喂BCAA、Cr对伊犁马血浆中的胰岛素、胰高血糖素和皮质醇等3种激素的水平均无显著影响;对浆中肌酸、葡萄糖的浓度均无显著影响;对血浆中乳酸、尿酸和肌酐的含量均无显著影响。     

滴灌条件下马铃薯克新7号适宜密度初探

为筛选马铃薯克新7号在新疆博州地区滴灌栽培模式下的适宜种植密度,采用机械播种,行距80cm,穴距设6个处理,分别为20cm、22cm、24cm、26cm、28cm、30cm。结果表明:马铃薯克新7号在当地节水灌溉条件下播种穴距为22~24cm,种植密度为3788~3472穴/667m~2较适宜。     

广州市售婴儿配方乳粉阪崎肠杆菌污染情况调查

目的:了解广州市售婴儿配方乳粉阪崎肠杆菌的污染情况.方法:对市售1 601个批次的婴儿配方乳粉进行阪崎肠杆菌检验.结果:广州市售婴儿配方乳粉共有5个国产品牌检出阪崎肠杆菌,阪崎肠杆菌总体不及格率为0.56％.结论:GB 10765-2010《食品安全国家标准婴儿配方食品》的实施加强了对婴儿配方乳粉阪崎肠杆菌污染的检验监管力度,生产企业应高度重视婴幼儿配方食品的安全隐患问题.     

5-ALA浸种对干旱胁迫下紫花苜蓿种子萌发特性的影响

为了探究干旱胁迫下5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ALA)溶液浸种对紫花苜蓿的调控作用,以紫花苜蓿品种中苜1号(Medicago sativa cv.Zhongmu No.1,ZM)和阿尔冈金(Medicago sativa cv.Algonguin,AG)为供试材料,了解不同浓度(0,5,10,25,50,75,100 mg/L) 5-ALA溶液浸种对15％ PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫的条件下种子萌发特性的影响,试验采用随机区组设计.结果 表明:当5-ALA浓度为10 mg/L时,AG的发芽率最大,为91.0％,而当浓度为50 mg/L时,ZM的发芽率和发芽势均最大,分别为98.0％和79.5％.当5-ALA浓度为50 mg/L时,AG和ZM的根重均达到最大值,分别为6.8 mg和7.5 mg;当5-ALA浓度为5 mg/L时,AG和ZM的芽重最大,分别为11.4和10.5 mg,表明高浓度5-ALA溶液浸种促进幼苗根系生长而抑制芽的生长.综合评价认为,干旱胁迫下随着5-ALA浓度的增加,紫花苜蓿缓解干旱胁迫的能力呈先增强后减弱的趋势;当5-ALA浓度为25 mg/L时,隶属函数综合评价得分最高(0.27),表明5-ALA为25mg/L时缓解干旱胁迫的效果最佳.     

Analysis on Polymorphisms of Three CNV Regions in Five Pig Breeds

The paper was aimed to investigate the polymorphism of copy number variation (CNV) in different pig breeds.Three CNV regions of CNVR91,CNVR92 and CNVR143 were chosen from the porcine SNP60 chip genotyping results.The polymorphisms of three CNVs were determined by Real-time quantitative PCR method,taking five pig breeds as samples,including Yorkshire pig,Xiang pig,Kele pig,Nuogu pig and Rongchang pig breeds.The results showed that the dominant status of CNVR91 was loss in Xiang pig,while it was normal in other four pig breeds.The major type of CNVR92 was deletion in Xiang pig,Yorkshire pig,Kele pig and Rongchang pig breeds,with a high normal percent in Nuogu pig.For CNVR143,the dominant event was gain in Xiang pig and Nuogu pig breeds,but it was not diverse in other three pig breeds.These results indicated that three CNV regions emerged with polymorphism in five pig breeds,which might have effects on gene expression in CNV regions and physiological function by dosage effect especially in Xiang pig,Nuogu pig and Kele pig breeds.     

“红玛瑙”甜樱桃不同果枝需冷量研究

以山西晋中地区"红玛瑙"甜樱桃为试材,在2012、2013年采用0~7.2℃模型,通过花枝(混合枝、长果枝、中果枝、短果枝、花簇状)田间采集,组培室恒温水培法,对其日光温室生产中需冷量进行了研究。结果表明:甜樱桃的叶芽需冷量低于花芽;5类果枝需冷量顺序为花簇状短果枝中果枝长果枝混合枝。