朱顶红新品种繁殖技术初探

以朱顶红新品种‘苏红’与‘风车’的鳞茎为试材,采用切割繁殖、组培繁殖方法对2种朱顶红新品种进行了繁殖技术的研究,以提高朱顶红繁殖效率,加速朱顶红新品种的推广。结果表明:切割繁殖使这2个品种繁殖率和生长量差异明显,‘苏红’繁殖率和切割5个月后的子球生长量大于‘风车’;组培繁殖采用鳞茎切割后的小子球,2个品种最适的初代消毒方式为75%的酒精30s,0.1%升汞18min,饱和次氯酸钙20min;消毒后的小子球进行4分切割后组培增殖最快,污染率最低。     

LED白光处理对番茄贮藏品质的影响

以番茄为试材,研究了LED白光照射处理对番茄的保鲜效果的影响,为改善采后品质提供参考。结果表明:LED白光处理可有效维持番茄的感官品质,延缓其水分损失,并且不影响番茄的色泽。除此之外,还能够较好地抑制番茄可溶性固形物、维生素C含量等营养物质的降解,提高番茄的过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,增强番茄的抗氧化能力。     

青海互助北山林场羊肚菌菌核培养条件的优化

以青海互助北山林场羊肚菌为试材,采用单因素变量法,研究不同的碳源、氮源、温度、pH对青海互助北山林场羊肚菌菌核数量及长势变化的影响。结果表明:当培养温度为22℃或26℃,pH介于6~7,并且分别以可溶性淀粉和硝酸钾为碳源和氮源培养基时,基面菌核和气生菌核数量最多,长势最好,说明上述培养条件是羊肚菌人工培养的最佳组合。     

Effect of ovariectomy on biological characteristics of MSCs from SD rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of ovariectomy on the biological characteristics of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the osteoporotic (OP) SD rats and normal rats by comparing the morphology, growth curve and cell cycle. METHODS: Female SD rats of 10-month old were randomly divided into model group and sham operation group (10 rats in each group). The osteoporotic model was established by ovariectomy. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, the MSCs were isolated from normal and OP rats, and purified by differential time adherent method. The morphological difference of the MSCs between normal and OP rats was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The growth curves of the MSCs were detected by MTT method. The cell cycles of the MSCs were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared to the MSCs from normal rats, the morphology of the MSCs form OP rats became wider and flatter, the cell organelles were decreased and the cell viability was descended. The differentiation of the MSCs from OP rats into adipocytes appeared and the cell multiplication capacity was declined. CONCLUSION: The cell morphology of the MSCs derived from rats with ovariectomy changes obviously and the cell multiplication capacity is decreased.     

Effect of benefiting-bone Capsule on IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in rat osteoblasts in vitro

AIM: The effects of benefiting-bone Capsule (BBC) containing serum on IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in osteoblasts were studied.METHODS: (1) The neonate Sprague-dawley rat osteoblasts were cultured and divided into three groups: group Ⅰ (containing deactivating serum with BBC), group Ⅱ (containing deactivating serum without BBC) and group Ⅲ (DMEM medium group)； (2) RT-PCR was used to measure the relative IL-6 mRNA levels； (3) The radioimmunoassay method was used to examine IL-6 protein in the supernatant of the cultured osteoblasts. RESULTS: (1) The relative IL-6 mRNA levels was lower in group I than the control (P<0.05); (2) The IL-6 protein expression in osteoblasts was also lower in group I than the control (P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest BBC drug-containing serum can down-regulate the expression of IL-6 mRNA and protein in osteoblasts, which may be one of the mechanisms of BBC preventing and treating osteoporosis.     

Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes from Tibetan Pigs

In order to understand the infection of Staphylococcus disease in healthy Tibetan pigs in Linzhi city,Tibet.232 samples were collected from the slaughterhouse in Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi city,Tibet,the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,and the slaughterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city.These samples were isolated,cultured and identified,and one isolated strain was systematically studied for biological characteristics.Epidemiological survey results showed that 73 of 232 samples were positive for Staphylococcus,the positive rate was 31.47%,16 positive samples were detected in the slaughterhouse of Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi,Tibet,with a detection rate of 23.89%(16/67),43 positive samples were detected in the pastures of the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 34.40% (43/125),14 positive samples were detected in the slanghterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 35.00% (14/40).Through PCR identification,gene sequencing and biochemical identification,5 strains of Staphylococcus chromogenes were isolated,and one of them (Sa LZ1) was studied systematically.The biological characteristics of the isolated strains showed that the Sa LZ1 strain formed round white convex colonies on the agar medium,with regular edges,smooth surfaces,and opaque white colonies.The isolates were Gram-positive cocci bacteria.PCR sequencing results showed that the isolate had the highest homology with Staphylococcus chromogenes (GenBank accession No.:MG576253.1),positive for serum inulin,manicol,glucose,saccharose,lactose,negative for arabinose,sodium hippurate,raffinose,xylose,urea,etc,consistent with the biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes.The logarithmic growth period of isolated bacteria was 5 to 10 h.The pathogenicity test of mice showed that the mortality rate of mice reached 100% when the concentration of Sa LZ1 strain reached 3.5×10⁹ CFU/mL.And the results of pathological section showed that Sa LZ1 strain could cause the visceral tissue of mice to develop pathological changes.The above results provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Staphylococcus suis in Linzhi,Tibet.     

棉花不同生育期淹水历时对其生长状况和产量构成的影响

通过桶栽土培试验,分别在苗期(S)、蕾期(B)、花铃期(F)和吐絮期(T)进行淹水2、4、6、8、10 d的处理,淹水深度均为5 cm,并以全生育期不淹水为对照(CK),探索了黄淮地区夏季棉花不同生育期淹水历时对其生长状况和产量构成的影响。结果表明,在棉花苗期、蕾期和花铃期淹水6 d后,株高和叶面积开始显著小于CK(P0.05)。不同生育期淹水处理均会导致棉花株高、叶面积、果枝数、节数、铃数和单铃质量的下降,且淹水历时越长,下降幅度越大。淹水导致棉花减产最为严重的生育期为花铃期,其余依次为蕾期、苗期和吐絮期,4个生育期在淹水2~10 d条件下的平均减产率分别为28.0%、12.9%、7.3%和2.9%。在棉花苗期,当淹水不超过6 d时,如果排涝及时,其形态指标及产量构成均能在吐絮期恢复至与CK无显著差异水平。在棉花蕾期淹水关键期为4 d,而在花铃期即使淹水2 d也可导致其形态发育停滞,产量无法恢复至CK水平。     

稀土促进松茸菌丝体生长的研究

通过不同浓度稀土对松茸菌丝体生长的初步研究表明：稀土对松茸菌丝体的生长有非常明显的促进作用。研究结果证实①５０ ×１０－ ６ ～１００ ×１０－ ６ 的稀土对松茸菌丝体的促进作用最大；②在固体培养时３０ｄ 松茸菌丝体生长最旺盛，这时可以作为菌种转接与扩繁的最佳时期。     

微纳米加气灌溉对温室番茄生长、产量和品质的影响

为了探究微纳米加气灌溉对番茄的影响,采用温室小区试验,选择不同的水分控制下限条件,研究了其对番茄生长发育、产量、品质的影响。结果表明,微纳米加气灌溉模式下番茄株高、茎粗、单株叶面积增长速度较常规灌溉得到显著提高,表现为苗期、开花期、坐果期番茄生长优势明显,生长后期增长速度近似相同。基于番茄产量和灌溉水利用效率2个指标条件,微纳米加气灌溉较常规灌溉增长效果更好。微纳米加气灌溉改变番茄产量分布特征,促进番茄提早成熟从而获得更大的经济效益。微纳米加气灌溉对番茄VC量、可溶性固形物和蛋白质均有不同程度提高,有机酸呈降低趋势,对糖酸比的影响不大。综合认为,微纳米加气灌溉应用在温室番茄种植是可行的。     

短时间微流水处理对异育银鲫肌肉品质的影响

采用微流水系统处理池塘养殖异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio),测定不同处理时间(0～9 d)鲫肌肉的主要营养成分、滋味特征、气味特征和挥发性成分等参数,研究微流水处理对鲫肌肉品质的提升作用。结果显示,微流水处理对养殖鲫肌肉中水分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量的影响不大(P0.05),但对鱼肉中灰分、肌糖原和总糖含量及滋味、气味及感官评分有显著影响(P0.05)。随着微流水处理时间延长,鲫鱼肉中肌糖原、总糖含量显著下降,灰分明显增加(P0.05)。电子舌和电子鼻检测结果显示,微流水处理可显著改变鲫肌肉的滋味特征、气味特征。随着微流水处理时间延长,鲫肌肉中异味挥发物含量明显减少、鱼肉自身代表性风味物质含量明显增加,且蒸熟后鱼肉的气味、滋味、质地和总分等评分明显升高,微流水处理7 d的鲫肌肉的感官评分优于0、1、3、5 d样品的,而与微流水处理9 d的样品无差异。综上可见,短时间微流水处理(≤7 d)不影响鲫鱼肉中粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量,但可显著改善养殖鲫肌肉品质,其适宜处理时间为7 d。