青鱼鱼种饲料中不同剂型维生素C适宜添加量的研究

为研究青鱼鱼种饲料中不同剂型维生素C的适宜添加量 ,采用 6 0 0尾平均体重为 2 5 g的青鱼鱼种 ,在精制饲料 (对照组 )中添加不同水平的包膜VC(VC添加量分别为 10 0mg/kg ,2 0 0mg/kg ,40 0mg/kg ,6 0 0mg/kg ,80 0mg/kg)和VC - 2 -多聚磷酸酯 (VC添加量分别为 10 0mg/kg ,2 0 0mg/kg ,40 0mg/kg ,6 0 0mg/kg) ,饲养青鱼鱼种 5周。结果发现 ,当饲料中缺乏VC时 ,青鱼鱼种表现出生长缓慢 ,脊柱弯曲 ,体表出血等症状 ,随饲料中VC添加量的增加 ,青鱼鱼种的增重率和肝脏VC含量也增加 ,当饲料中VC添加量分别达到 2 0 0mg/kg(VC - 2 -多聚磷酸酯 )和40 0mg/kg(包膜VC)以上时 ,青鱼鱼种的增重率和肝脏VC含量基本达到稳定。表明青鱼鱼种饲料中VC的适宜添加量为 2 0 0mg/kg(VC - 2 -多聚磷酸酯 )或 40 0mg/kg(包膜VC)。     

冬凤兰非共生萌发和低温离体保存（英文）

[Objective] The aim of the research was to establish asymbiotic germination and low-temperature in vitro conservation technique system of Cymbidium dayanum by using plant tissue culture technique to realize its rapid propagation and long-term conservation in vitro.[Method] With mature seeds of C.dayanum as explants,different media were selected to establish asymbiotic germination technique system.With protocorms as materials,conservation,resumptive proliferation and plant regeneration conditions were selected to establish low-temperature in vitro conservation technique system preliminarily.[Result] Mature seeds of C.dayanum could germinate after cultured 90 days on MS media as well as "Hyponex 1" media.The germination rate reached more than 98%.Protocorms inoculated in "Hyponex 1" media could be conserved continuously at 5 ℃ in dark for more than 18 months and the survival rate could reach 90%.Conserved protocorms could realize resumptive proliferation culture both on 1/2 MS and "Hyponex 1" media.The seedling-strengthening and rooting media were 1/2 MS media.[Conclusion] This research provided practical basis for in vitro conservation and rapid propagation of C.dayanum germplasm resource.     

三种沉水植物对富营养化池塘水质的改良效果

通过静态试验研究了三种沉水植物(轮叶黑藻、伊乐藻和金鱼藻)对富营养化池塘养殖水的改良效果。试验结果表明:1)三种沉水植物能够显著提高水体溶氧量和pH值,对水中各种形态氮(尤其硝氮)的净化效果良好;2)轮叶黑藻对水中磷的净化效果较为明显;3)三种沉水植物对水中耗氧有机物的净化效果不明显。总体上看,轮叶黑藻对富营养化池塘养殖水的改良效果最好。     

宁夏六盘山不同森林类型土壤贮水与入渗研究

为了评价六盘山不同森林类型的水源涵养生态功能,本文对六盘山7种森林类型林地土壤的贮水和入渗特征进行了研究。结果表明:不同纯林林地的土壤饱和贮水量依次为5 151.867 t/hm3,4 798.500 t/hm3,4 632.533 t/hm3;不同混交林林地的土壤饱和贮水量依次为6 261.542 t/hm3,5 380.267 t/hm3,5 254.222 t/hm3,5 019.700 t/hm3;土壤贮水量随土壤容重和孔隙度变化的差异不显著,土壤持水率随土壤容重和孔隙度变化的差异极显著。不同纯林林地的土壤初渗速率依次为7.18mm/m in,9.06mm/m in,13.77mm/m in;稳渗速率依次为0.70mm/m in,2.04mm/m in,2.15mm/m in;不同混交林林地的土壤初渗速率为9.32mm/m in,8.20mm/m in,6.94mm/m in,3.38mm/m in;稳渗速率为2.74mm/m in,1.22mm/m in,2.50mm/m in,1.42mm/m in;土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率随土壤容重和总孔隙度变化的差异不显著,土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率随土壤毛管孔隙度与非毛管孔隙度变化差异极显著。     

70%安泰生WP防治石榴褐斑病药效试验

石榴褐斑病是石榴树的一种重要病害,每年都有不同程度的发生,可造成石榴树的早期落叶,轻者落叶50%左右,重者落叶达98%以上。用70%安泰生WP800倍液连续喷4~6次,平均防效达83.71%~95.51%。     

蔬菜硝酸盐累积的主要影响因子及其防治对策研究现状

介绍了蔬菜硝酸盐累积现状,概述了蔬菜不同种类、品种和不同部位的累积特征的内因和施肥、光照、水分、收获时期等外因影响蔬菜对硝酸盐吸收及其土壤硝酸盐的变化动态,进而总结了农艺措施的改进、环境因子的调节和蔬菜新品种的培育等降低蔬菜硝酸盐累积的对策。     

蛇床子素和Bt复配对小菜蛾防治作用研究

室内筛选蛇床子素和Bt复配配方,发现配方Osthol∶Bt=1∶25增效作用最明显,对小菜蛾有较好的防效。对复配药剂进行毒性测定表明:1%蛇床子素.8 000 IU/μLBt对大鼠急性经口、经皮的LD50♂>5 000 mg/kg,♀>5 000 mg/kg,属微毒类农药。田间小区试验结果表明:不同倍数的蛇床子素1号在施药后3 d7、d对小菜蛾的防效分别为81.63%、83.39%;78.62%、81.77%和72.34%、75.74%,均高于对照药剂16 000 IU/mgBt、1%蛇床子素水乳剂和10%高效氯氰菊酯乳油。     

锌添加水平对断奶仔猪不同组织中锌沉积的影响

试验选用 40头 2 8日龄断奶仔猪 ,随机分为 5组 ,分别饲喂添加不同锌水平的日粮 ( 80 ,2 4 0 ,1 0 0 0 ,30 0 0 ,5 0 0 0mg/kg) ,研究日粮添加不同水平锌对断奶仔猪机体组织锌沉积的影响。结果表明 :高锌添加使肝脏、肾脏、趾骨、血清、毛发及粪锌含量极显著上升 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,而背最长肌、扁桃体和胸腺锌含量则只有在添加 5 0 0 0mg/kg日粮锌时含量显著上升 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,脾脏锌含量则随着高锌的添加变化差异不显著P >0 .0 5 ) ;低锌添加 ( 80mg/kg和 2 4 0mg/kg)对机体各组织及粪锌含量无显著影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。     

保护性蛋氨酸对中国荷斯坦奶牛血浆代谢产物及生产性能的影响

选择25头中国荷斯坦奶牛,分成对照组,试验一组(添加30 g DL-蛋氨酸),试验二组(添加45 g保护性蛋氨酸),试验三组(添加30 g DL-蛋氨酸+50 g L-赖氨酸)和试验四组(添加45 g保护性蛋氨酸+50 g L-赖氨酸)进行饲养试验。试验表明:试验四组和试验二组产奶量显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,分别提高6.31 %和6.73 %,其他组差异不显著(P>0.05);试验四组和试验二组乳脂率显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,分别提高6.25 %和6.55 %;并且试验四组和试验二组乳脂率也显著(P<0.05)高于试验一组。乳蛋白、体细胞数、全脂固形物和非脂固形物各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验四组和试验二组血浆白蛋白和总蛋白显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其它各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。试验二组血浆尿素氮(PUN)显著低于对照组和试验一组(P<0.05),其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。血浆游离脂肪酸和总氨基酸浓度各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此得出结论:一方面,保护性蛋氨酸(RPMet)的一部分能避免瘤胃微生物的降解,以保护性Met的形式提供给瘤胃后Met;另一方面,保护性蛋氨酸的降解部分改善了瘤胃的发酵,促进瘤胃微生物的合成,这两方面的作用提高了奶牛的产奶量和乳成分。     

Effects of Supplemental Histamine on Gastric Acid Secretion, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Intestinal Microfloral of Early Weaned Piglets

Two experiments were conducted to study the effect of supplemental histamine in the diet ofearly-weaned piglets. In experiment A, 24 cross bred piglets with an average body weight of 6.10±0.40 kg,weaned at the age of 28 days, were divided into four groups, fed with basal diet of low dietary copper without(control) or with supplemental histamine at 60, 120, 180 μg kg-1 BW. During the two weeks and the thirdweek after weaning, ADG(average daily gain) of piglets were increased by 15.8% (P＜0.05), 9.5% (P＜0.10) by addition of 60 μg kg-1BW histamine, but decreased by addition of 180 μg kg-1BW histamine, whichalso increased the amount of E. coli in colon and the scour incidence. The secretion of gastric acid and pepsinwere improved by both dose of supplemental histamine (60, 180 pg kg-1BW) and gastric digesta pH were de-creased by both. Addition of 60 μg kg-1 BW histamine improved the activities of trypsin, amylase in duodelumdigesta. In experiment B, 12 cross bred piglets with an average body weight of 6.85±0.35 kg, weaned at theage of 28 days, were divided into two groups, fed with basal diet of high dietary copper without (control) orwith supplemental 60 μg kg-1 BW histamine. During the two weeks and the third week after weaning, ADG ofpiglets were increased by 9.8% (P＜0.05), 7.0% (P＜0.10). The secretion of gastric acid, activities oftrypsin and amylase in duodelum digesta, were also improved by addition of 60 μg kg-1 BW histamine. The re-sults showed that addition of histamine (60 μg kg-1 BW) in early weaned piglets could increase the secretion ofgastric acid and pepsin, reduce gastric digesta pH and scour incidence, improve activities of trypsin, amylasein duodelum digesta, and the growing performance of early weaned piglets.