小型猪复合麻醉颉颃剂对大鼠各脑区p-p38蛋白及c-myc mRNA表达的影响

旨在研究小型猪复合麻醉颉颃剂对大鼠不同脑区p-p38蛋白及c-myc mRNA表达的影响,探讨小型猪复合麻醉颉颃剂的催醒机制。将18只大鼠随机分为C组(对照组)、J组(麻醉颉颃剂组)。J组又分为2个亚组,即J1组(注射小型猪专用复合麻醉颉颃剂5min)、J2组(注射小型猪专用复合麻醉颉颃剂1h)。各组大鼠到达相应的时间点后断头处死,分离大脑皮层、小脑、海马、脑干和丘脑,用Western blot的方法检测p-p38蛋白的表达量,实时荧光定量PCR方法检测c-myc基因mRNA的转录量。试验结果显示大鼠大脑皮层、丘脑和脑干的p-p38蛋白和c-myc mRNA的相对表达量显著升高,而小脑和海马的p-p38蛋白和c-myc mRNA的相对表达量显著降低。综合试验结果,小型猪复合麻醉颉颃剂能够影响p-p38蛋白和c-myc mRNA的表达,这可能是其产生催醒作用的机制之一。     

石河子部分地区规模化奶牛场奶牛球虫感染调查

为调查石河子地区奶牛球虫感染与流行现状,试验选取石河子地区的6个规模化奶牛养殖场,直肠采集粪便482份进行球虫检测。结果发现,被调查的6个规模化奶牛场均存在球虫感染,感染率最高为21.33%;共检出6种疑似艾美耳球虫,分别为:牛艾美耳球虫(Eimeria bovis)(12%)、邱氏艾美耳球虫(Eimeria zuerni)(10.67%)、椭圆艾美耳球虫(Eimeria ellipsoidalli)(18.67%)、柱状艾美耳球虫(Eimeria cylindrce)(6.67%)、奥博艾美耳球虫(Eimeria auburnensis)(7.33%)、亚球形艾美耳球虫(Eimeria subspherica)(11.33%);感染率较高的椭圆艾美耳球虫、牛艾美耳球虫、亚球艾美耳球虫为该地区奶牛球虫的优势虫种。     

不同抗生素检测方法检测乳清粉样品结果差异性分析

乳清粉是婴幼儿配方乳粉行业的主要原料之一,对其进行抗生素检测是原料验收的重要参考指标。本研究针对8个批次乳清粉原料,采用4种不同的抗生素检测方法进行了抗生素检测,包括国标法1、国标法2、利普斯50抗生素检测试剂盒法、Charm MRL酶联免疫试剂盒法。不同方法的检测结果存在很大差异,其中国标法1和酶联免疫试剂盒法获得了相同的结果,8个样品均为抗生素阴性。而国标法2及依据此法开发的快速检测试剂盒利普斯50检测则分别显示全阳性和部分阳性的矛盾结果。从上述结果可见,依据国标法2通过嗜热芽孢杆菌检测乳清粉产品抗生素,其结果稳定性欠佳,影响其检测结果可靠性的因素还有待进一步研究。     

凝结芽孢杆菌对感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能、肠道病变及免疫器官指数的影响

本试验旨在研究日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌对感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能、肠道病变及免疫器官指数的影响。选用312只1日龄科宝500肉鸡公雏,随机分成4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复13只鸡。采用2×2双因子完全随机设计,产气荚膜梭菌分为无感染产气荚膜梭菌组和感染产气荚膜梭菌组,日粮中凝结芽孢杆菌水平分别为0和400mg/kg。试验期35d。结果表明,感染产气荚膜梭菌后15~35日龄肉鸡平均日增重显著降低(P0.05),28日龄肠道病变严重(P0.01),35日龄法氏囊指数极显著降低(P0.01);日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌可显著提高15~35日龄肉鸡平均日增重(P0.05),显著降低料重比(P0.05),能缓解感染导致的肠道损伤(P0.05),28日龄肉鸡胸腺指数极显著提高(P0.01),35日龄法氏囊指数极显著提高(P0.01)。肠道病变结果分析表明,日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌与感染产气荚膜梭菌有显著交互作用(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加凝结芽孢杆菌能够提高感染产气荚膜梭菌肉鸡生长性能及免疫器官指数,增强动物免疫能力,并能缓解由于产气荚膜梭菌感染而导致的不利影响。     

Cloning,Expression of Clostridium perfringens α-toxin Gene and Preparation of its Antisera

One pair of primers had been designed and synthesized based on the α-toxin gene of Clostridium perfringens.The complete α-toxin gene fragment was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then was cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector to construct pGEM-T-α.Digested with EcoRⅠ and Hind Ⅲ, a fragment of 1125 bp was cloned into the expression plasmid vector pET-28a(+).The recombinant plasmid was transformed into the BL21(DE3)plys and induced by 1.0 mmol/L IPTG at 37 ℃.The expression product was found to be 46.1 ku as expected one identified by SDS-PAGE, and confirmed by Western blotting with Clostridium perfringens type A antisera, indicating similar reactivity with native α-toxin.Recombinant α-toxin protein was simultaneously found in culture supernatant, postsonic supertanant and inclusion bodies, most protein was expressed in inclusion bodies, which indicated recombinant α-toxin protein was expressed in the extracellular, periplasm and cytoplasm.Recombinant α-toxin protein in postsonic supertanant could not make mice die, indicating its non-toxicity.Toxin-antitoxin neutralization test showed that antisera of recombinant α-toxin protein were specific to α-toxin.Upon immunization of rabbit with the recombinant α-toxin protein, antisera with high antibody titer neutralizing 100 MLD toxin per 1 mL were prepared.     

Analysis of Regular Nutritional Components and Amino Acid Contents of Mongolia Bullock Muscle Grazed in Kubuqi Desert

In order to evaluate the Mongolia muscle characteristics and nutritional value, six Mongolia bullocks aged 4 years grazed in Kubuqi desert were chosen to analyze the regular nutritional components and amino acid contents of Mongolia muscle.The results showed that the contents of water, crude protein (CP), crude fat (EE), crude ash (ash), calcium and phosphorus of Mongolia muscle (fresh) were 68.21%, 22.60%, 6.49%, 2.69%, 0.58% and 0.55%, respectively.A total amino acid (TAA) content of beef was 24.297 g/100 g, essential amino acid content was 10.265 g/100 g, the proportion of essential amino acid justified and exceeded the FAO/WHO standard.The ratio of essential amino acid and total amino acid contents (EAA/TAA) was 42.25%, the ratio of essential amino acid and the non-essential amino acid (EAA/NEAA) was 73.15%.In functional amino acid, the content of palatable taste amino acid and sweet flavor amino acid in total amino acid was 46.891%.In addition to valine, essential amino acid contents of Mongolia muscle were superior to ideal protein of FAO/WHO standard, the percentage of valine reached 83.972% in ideal protein.These results indicated that Mongolia muscle belonged to the comprehensive nutrition and high quality protein food on the evaluation of the regular nutrient content and the amino acid content of beef.     

铁皮石斛组织培养技术研究进展

简述铁皮石斛组织培养技术研究进展,针对当前石斛产业发展的需求,提出组培技术需要深入解决的问题,为石斛产业的有序发展提供借鉴和依据。     

海南6种切叶花卉植物橡胶林下套种的适应性研究

通过对散尾葵、金心巴西铁、金边富贵竹、莲花竹、龟背竹、朱蕉等6种耐荫型切叶花卉植物在橡胶林下进行套种(扦插)试验,观测这些植物的叶片生长物候期、植株整体感、株高、叶片色泽和病虫害危害程度,分析这6种切叶花卉植物在橡胶林下的生长适应性。结果表明,适应性强弱排序为金心巴西铁朱蕉散尾葵龟背竹莲花竹金边富贵竹,其中金心巴西铁在橡胶林下生长综合表现最好,评价得分最高,为17.22,适合在海南橡胶林下推广种植。     

基于QBP-PID的履带式作业机全向调平控制研究

针对丘陵山区农业机械作业时的机身倾角变化大、工作品质和作业安全性差等问题,以履带式作业机为研究对象,设计了一种基于“3层车架”的液压全向调平系统,并提出了复合Q学习-BP神经网络-PID(QBP-PID)的全向调平控制策略。首先,给出了全向调平整机结构方案和工作原理,在此基础上,建立了包含全向调平系统的履带式作业机整机动力学模型。然后,针对PID控制参数难以整定的问题,通过BP神经网络对PID控制参数进行实时更新,并引入Q学习算法对神经网络连接权值进行在线更新,建立了全向调平复合QBP-PID控制器。仿真结果表明,QBP-PID控制下,20°横向调平时间为2.8 s, 25°纵向调平时间为3.2 s,相较于PID与BP-PID控制,减小了调平时间,并且未出现超调量。最后,进行横坡路面和纵坡路面的整机试验,与仿真结果相比,横向和纵向调平时间误差为0.6 s和0.4 s,且平地路面机身倾角小于1.5°,满足丘陵山区农业机械调平性能需求。     

基于黑箱法的成品卷烟外观检测设备设计与试验

针对成品卷烟外表面缺陷种类多、分类细、人工质检无法对卷烟外观的细粒度缺陷进行系统性检测的问题,设计一种成品卷烟外观检测设备,自动完成成品卷烟的外观全矢量成像和缺陷检测。利用黑箱法对检测设备的技术系统进行分析,并设计了成品卷烟检测设备,该设备主要包括储供装置、单元离散装置、外观成像装置、分拣装置和缺陷检测模型;对影响卷烟运行稳定性、卷烟无损率、成像质量的关键因素进行试验,在单元离散装置上对卷烟运行稳定性因素进行正交试验,结果表明,当滑板提升速度为0.3m/s、过渡板倾斜角为40°、辊子速度为0.045m/s时,烟支输送无斜率可达100%,无偏移率可达99.5%,在分拣装置上对造成卷烟损伤的关键因素进行正交试验,结果表明,当气缸伸缩速度为20mm/s、弹簧刚度为3N/mm时,烟支损伤率为0,对影响成像质量的关键光照因素进行试验,结果表明,光源照射角为10°、光源与烟支高差为30mm时,图像直方图的像素点与其亮度分布包络线平缓,图像清晰;最后,在设备上完成54mm×100规格烟支的检测试验,利用改进HourglassNet-YOLO v4网络模型对成像进行缺陷检测,结果表明,烟支缺陷检出准确率达到98%,缺陷分类准确率达到95.4%。试验结果表明,该设备运行稳定,能够满足成品卷烟外观检测需求。