适宜加工用苹果品种TP-M13-SSR 指纹图谱构建及遗传关系分析

 采用TP-M13-SSR 荧光标记方法,构建19 个适宜加工脆片和25 个适宜制汁的苹果品种在 11 个SSR 位点的指纹图谱,并通过聚类分析研究其遗传关系。仅利用两对引物CH04h02 和CH05d04 即 可区分44 个供试品种,各品种的TP-M13-SSR 指纹图谱互不相同。构建的适宜加工苹果品种的SSR 指纹 图谱可以作为品种特异指纹图谱为品种鉴别提供重要依据。44 个苹果品种的相似系数在0.7259 ~ 0.9704 之间,在相似系数0.798 处划分供试品种,除瑞光、马空、红月、蜜脆、珍宝、赤阳和短枝金冠,其余适 宜制汁的品种均聚到了一起,而适宜加工脆片的品种聚类比较分散。适宜加工苹果品种遗传基础广泛, 适宜加工特性与亲本相关。在制订和完善制汁用和加工脆片用苹果品质评价体系时,需要兼顾遗传关系 与加工特性的相关性。金冠、红玉、国光、富士和元帅等为较好的加工苹果品种的育种亲本,应加强育 种利用。     

Potassium antagonizes damage of coronary artery induced by high salt intake

AIM：To investigate the effect of potassium treatment on coronary arterial impairment induced by high salt intake. METHODS：Sprague-Dawley rats (4-week-old, n=10 in each group) received distilled water (NS), water containing 1.5% NaCl (HS), or 1.5% NaCl and 0.5% KCl (HS+HP) for 16 weeks. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was determined by tail plethysmography every 2 weeks. After 16 weeks of treatment, vascular remodeling, superoxide production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and gp91 expression in the coronary arteries were detected. RESULTS：After 16 weeks of salt loading, the rats in HS group was divided into salt sensitive subgroup and salt resistance subgroup according to the tail-cuff blood pressure. In this experiment, the salt-sensitive rats were selected as HS group. In HS group, salt loading significantly increased SBP, serum MDA and gp91 expression, decreased serum NO and eNOS expression in the coronary arteries, and induced the coronary artery remodeling compared with NS group. In salt-loaded SD rats, 16-week potassium treatment abrogated the effects induced by salt loading. CONCLUSION：High salt may affect structural and functional changes in coronary arteries by activating oxidative stress. Potassium treatment antagonizes the effect of high salt intake.     

L-Carnitine inhibits H2O2-mediated NFATc3 nuclear translocation

AIM:To explore the effect of L-carnitine on nuclear factor of activated T-cells,cytoplasmic 3 (NFATc3) in cardiomyocytes under H2O2 stimulation. METHODS:Primary cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells were stimulated by H2O2 at concentration of 200 μmol/L for 12 h to induce oxidative stress injury. In treatment group, L-carnitine and cyclosporin A (CsA), a specific inhibitor of calcineurin (CaN), were administered 30 min prior to H2O2 stimulation. After treatment, total, cytoplasmic and nuclear NFATc3 protein levels were determined by Western blotting. The method of immunofluoresence was used to evaluate the distribution of NFATc3. RESULTS:H2O2 treatment produced no effect on the expression of total NFATc3, but caused its translocation from the cytosolic to nuclear compartment, which was greatly blunted by L-carnitine pretreatment. CONCLUSION: L-carnitine antagonized oxidative stress injury via alleviating NFATc3 nuclear translocation.     

Resveratrol inhibits chondrosarcoma via mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways

AIM：To investigate the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on chondrosarcoma and the relation with mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt pathways. METHODS：Chondrosarcoma SW1353 cells were treated with resveratrol at concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L for the time intervals of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. The viability and apoptosis of the SW1353 cells in the presence or absence of resveratrol were analyzed by CCK8 assay and Hoechst 33258 staining, respectively. The protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, activated caspase-3, Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blotting. The cell migration ability was determined by wound scratch assay. RESULTS：Exposure of the cells to resveratrol resulted in a decrease in the cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). visible nuclei with apoptotic characteristics in resveratrol group were observed. The protein levels of activated caspase-3 and Bax were increased, and Bcl-2 and p-Akt were decreased compared with control group. The total Akt were not significantly changed. Resveratrol also significantly reduced the migration of tumor cells. CONCLUSION：Resveratrol induces apoptosis of chondrosarcoma, which plays a role of part through mitochondrial and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.     

Effect of small interfering RNA on expression of β2M in pre-differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AIM：To study the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of beta 2-microglo-bulin (β2M) in pre-differentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS：The β2M siRNA was transfected into the pre-differentiated BMSCs with Lipofectamine 2000. BMSCs were divided into transfection group, blank control group and negative control group. The expression of β2M at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time qPCR, Western blotting and laser confocal microscopy. The productions of aggrecan and type II collagen in pre-differentiated BMSCs were determined by toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunofluorescence. RESULTS：The results of real-time qPCR, Western blotting and laser confocal microscopy showed that siRNA successfully inhibited the expression of β2M at mRNA and protein levels in the pre-differentiated BMSCs. The results of toluidine blue and type Ⅱ collagen immunofluorescence staining showed that siRNA does not affect the productions of aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen in the pre-differentiated BMSCs. CONCLUSION：siRNA targeting β2M reduces the expression of β2M in the pre-differentiated BMSCs and does not affect the chondrocyte characteristics of pre-differentiated BMSCs.     

蔬菜盐害生理及其缓解措施的研究进展

综述了近年来蔬菜盐害生理的最新研究进展,包括盐胁迫下蔬菜种子萌发、幼苗生长、光合特性、抗氧化能力、离子分配、果实产量和品质等方面,以及一些缓解盐胁迫的农艺措施,同时分析了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。     

水生蔬菜加工的现状及建议

水生蔬菜是我国特有的蔬菜,其产业的发展随着我国经济水平的提高而增强,而加工被认为是整个产业发展的重要环节。本文就水生蔬菜的加工进展作详细的论述,同时对水生蔬菜的发展提出了一些建设性的建议。     

毒蕈鉴别及毒素检测研究进展

我国各地每年经常发生人误食毒草中毒事件,危害严重,对可食蘑菇与毒蕈之间的区分识别是预防中毒的基本措施。对一些毒蕈的鉴别及各类毒蕈毒素的检测方法进行了概述,最后提出慎重采食的建议,以此避免毒草中毒悲剧的发生。     

油茶蒲栽培高温香菇的试验研究

为了有效利用我省丰富的油茶蒲资源,缓解近年食用菌栽培原材料上涨压力,研究以油茶蒲部分代替杂木屑栽培高温型香菇,以配方试验方式,探寻利用油茶蒲栽培香菇的配方技术。结果发现,以30％的油茶蒲代替杂木屑栽培香菇是可行的,香菇产量及品质与对照相比无显著差异。