苹果离体叶片培养直接体细胞胚胎发生的形态学研究

研究了苹果离体叶片直接体细胞胚胎发生体系和外植体直接体细胞胚胎发生过程中的形态学特征。结果显示 ,苹果直接体细胞胚胎发生过程经历原胚、球形胚、心形胚、子叶形胚、成熟胚等阶段 ;子叶形胚以前的阶段没有观察到形态学多样性 ,发育至子叶形胚期的直接体细胞胚胎表现出形态学多样性 ,分别观察到一子叶胚、两子叶胚、三子叶胚、杯状胚、多子叶胚、畸形胚等 ,这些类型的胚最终都能发育成正常的成熟胚进而发育成小植株。     

红花超临界提取物的GC-MS成分分析及抗菌活性研究

[目的]了解红花超临界CO_2萃取物的化学成分并检测其抑菌活性。[方法]采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对超临界CO_2提取的红花成分进行分析,并采用滤纸片法检测萃取物对6种常见病原菌的抑菌活性。[结果]从红花萃取物中鉴定了41个化合物,占总萃取物的52.11%。红花超临界萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、白色念球菌、枯草芽孢菌有抑制作用。[结论]该试验为红花的进一步研究及开发利用提供科学依据。     

Protection against enzootic pneumonia of pigs: intraperitoneal inoculation with live LKR strain of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae

Pigs obtained from a mycoplasma-free piggery were randomised into 4 groups of 9. Groups 1 and 2 were injected by the intraperitoneal route with liquid culture of the LKR strain of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Group 1 was injected once and group 2 twice. Group 3 was made up of pigs inoculated by the intranasal route with the virulent Beaufort strain of M. hyopneumoniae; they served as the source of infection for the challenge. Group 4 were uninfected, uninjected controls. Six weeks after the last injection, groups from 1 to 4 were placed in contact. Seven of the pigs in the 1-dose group and 6 in the 2-dose group were free of lesions at necropsy 6 weeks after challenge. Of the two pigs with lesions in the 1-dose group one had only a small lesion but the other had extensive lesions; it had not shown an antibody response after injection of culture. The lesions in the 3 pigs in the 2-dose group were all small. All 9 control pigs had lesions which varied from medium to large in size. The difference in the incidence of pneumonia between the injected and control groups was significant (P less than 0.05) and the proportion of severely affected pigs in the vaccinated groups was significantly lower (P greater than 0.01). There was no difference between those given one dose of vaccine and those receiving 2 doses.     

中国退耕还林背景和研究现状

对中国退耕还林工程的背景、效益研究、政策研究、技术研究、模式研究以及香港退耕还林情况予以介绍,并就中国退耕还林工程的研究情况进行了综合评述。     

紫藤播种育苗技术

从种子采集、处理、播种及苗期管理等方面论述了紫藤播种育苗的关键技术,以便为紫藤播种育苗提供参考.     

The artisanal fishery fleet of the lower Amazon

Abstract  The present study analyses temporal trends in the characteristics of the artisanal fleet landing at ports in the city of Santarém (lower Amazon) from 1993 to 2003. A total of 2714 boats visited the city, accounting for more than 76 000 landings. Of these, 1952 were fishing boats; the others were buyer boats, specialised in the purchase of fish in rural areas for resale in Santarém. The activity involves more than 13 000 fishermen. Fishing boats are made of wood, are on average 11 m long and powered by a 20 hp outboard motor. Boats operate with an average of six to seven fishermen, spending 6 days per trip and catching between 300 and 800 kg of fish. Most variability in yield can be explained by the ice consumed (70%), the number of fishermen trip⁻¹ (19%), fuel consumed (4%) and days spent fishing (3%). The yield changed according to the size, origin and type of boat. Fishing boats coming from more distant locations, in the state of Amazonas, performed better than those from Santarém. Total yield declined slightly during the study period. Mean age of fishing boats and fishing power is increasing. Consumption of ice and fuel by trip, number of fishermen trip⁻¹ and mean days fishing showed positive trends. Financial subsidies from governmental agencies are criticised. Fleet performance and management options are discussed.     

东莨菪内酯对家蚕乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的影响

用不同浓度天然产物东莨菪内酯处理桑叶饲喂家蚕(Bombyx mori)后,通过测定家蚕头部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性,研究东莨菪内酯对家蚕的影响。结果表明,12 h时家蚕出现摆头、吐液等轻微中毒症状,24 h时中毒症状减轻,48 h时中毒症状消失,家蚕恢复正常;5龄第三天家蚕饲喂浸过不同浓度东莨菪内酯的桑叶后,头部AChE比活力变化趋势与对照变化趋势相反,且除了药后24 h时的比活力高于对照外,其余时间段比活力均显著低于对照,表现为抑制作用;在一定浓度范围内,东莨菪内酯对家蚕头部离体AChE活性的抑制作用呈剂量效应关系,且抑制率随东莨菪内酯浓度的升高而升高。5.0×10-2、2.5×10-2mol/L东莨菪内酯对家蚕头部离体AChE活性的抑制率分别达到99.4%、90.6%,当东莨菪内酯浓度小于5.0×10-4 mol/L时,其对家蚕头部离体AChE活性的抑制趋势逐渐变缓,抑制中浓度IC50为4.03×10-3mol/L。     

CASE REPORT AND CLINICAL REVIEW: Acute lameness associated with osseous metastasis of a peri-renal carcinoma in a horse

We present a case of aggressive metastatic carcinoma in a horse that was initially presented for shoulder lameness. Although radiography and scintigraphy were useful for localising a lesion in the proximal humerus, subsequent development of non-specific signs of systemic disease prompted further evaluation. Haematology and blood biochemistry, urinalysis and ultrasonography were all instrumental in identifying renal involvement. A diagnosis of a peri-renal mass causing secondary renal failure prompted euthanasia of the horse because of the poor prognosis. Antemortem findings were supported by necropsy, with secondary lesions also identified in the spleen, liver, 8th left rib and proximal humerus. Histological examination yielded a diagnosis of undifferentiated metastatic carcinoma.