青海绵羊血清铁传递蛋白的电泳研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省５个品种共１０５０只绵羊的血清铁传递蛋白进行了电泳研究。结果发现青海绵羊的血清运铁蛋白共有１１个电泳变异体（Ｉ，Ａ，Ｇ，Ｂ，Ｌ，Ｃ，Ｄ，Ｍ，Ｅ，Ｑ，），构成３７种电泳表型（ＩＡ，ＡＥ，ＡＡ，ＡＧ，ＡＢ，ＡＬ，ＡＣ，ＡＤ，ＡＭ，ＡＥ，ＡＢ，ＧＧ，ＧＢ，ＧＬ，ＧＣ，ＧＤ，ＧＭ，ＧＱ，ＢＢ，ＢＣ，ＣＤ，ＣＭ，ＬＣ，ＬＤ，ＬＥ，ＣＣ，ＣＤ，ＣＭ，ＣＥ，ＣＱ，ＣＰ，ＤＤ，ＤＭ，ＤＥＤＱ，ＫＰ，ＭＱ）。在５个品种绵羊中，藏羊血清铁传递蛋白的电泳变异体和电泳表型最多，分别为１１个和２８种，茨盖羊的最少，分别为６个和１６种，青海细毛羊，新疆细毛羊和青海半细胞毛羊介于两者之间。     

Factors influencing decline in soil pH in Hawaiian Eucalyptus and Albizia plantations

Soil pH declined from 5.9 to 5.0 in 8 years beneath plantations of Eucalyptus saligna (Sm.) in Hawaii. In stands of Albizia falcataria, (L.) Fosberg, the soil pH change was more dramatic, declining from 5.9 to 4.6. We measured several components of soil acidity beneath four mixtures of the two tree species to gain insight on the processes responsible for the decline in soil pH. These components were studied using an empirical method of comparing acid quantity, degree of neutralization (depletion of base cations), and acid strength. The decline in soil pH differed between species as a result of differences in the degree of neutralization of the soil exchange complex; the larger decrease in soil pH under Albizia was produced by greater acidification of the exchange complex. Empirical titration curves suggested that differences in acid strength moderated the divergence in soil pH beneath the species. Had the acids accumulating in the soil under Albizia been as strong as those in the Eucalyptus soil, the difference in soil pH would have been greater. Though the two species had contrasting effects on soil pH, the differences in degree of neutralization, responsible for the pH decline, were small compared with differences in the amount of cations stored in tree biomass. Continued supply of nutrient cations (from weathering or fertilization) will ultimately control both the extent of soil pH decline and the level of productivity sustained by the forest.     

Monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus: cross-reactivities to field isolates and hog cholera virus strains.

Monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) were examined for binding with a large number of North American BVDV isolates and eight strains of the serologically related pestivirus, hog cholera virus (HCV). No single BVDV monoclonal antibody reacted with all BVDV isolates. The most cross-reactive monoclonal antibody was an anti-p80/p125 antibody which showed a positive reaction with 173 of 180 (96%) North American isolates. From a fewer number of isolates tested, one anti-gp53 monoclonal antibody also showed a high cross-reactivity (94%). All BVDV isolates showed a positive reaction with at least one of the seven monoclonal antibodies in the panel. Thus, the results indicated that a pool of these monoclonal antibodies may be used in place of polyclonal antisera for the detection of BVDV contamination of cell lines or for virus isolation. For HCV, all three anti-p80/p125 monoclonal antibodies reacted positively with all eight virus strains. In contrast, none of the anti-gp53 monoclonal antibodies were reactive to HCV strains. Thus, the anti-gp53 monoclonal antibodies may be useful for distinguishing between usually innocuous BVDV infections and the highly significant HCV infections in swine for foreign animal disease surveillance.     

Comparative effects of mu and kappa opiate agonists on the cecocolic motility in the pony.

The electrical and mechanical activity of the large intestine and its response to administration of opiate mu and kappa agonists were assessed from electrodes and inductograph coils chronically implanted on the cecocolic segment in six ponies given a diet of hay and concentrates. Before the drugs were given, migrating complexes propagating from the cecum into the colon occurred at the rate of 1.5 to 16/hour. During this propulsive activity, the cecocolic sphincter opened and closed allowing the outflow of cecal contents and preventing the backflow of colic contents. Each pony was used as its own control and was given fentanyl (0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg of body weight, IV) and U50488H (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, IV) at weekly intervals. The mu agonist fentanyl elicited a marked phase of inhibition of the propulsive activity and a closure of the cecocolic sphincter that lasted one to two hours depending on the dose. The kappa agonist U50488H induced an inhibition of the short spiking activity, i.e. of the resting muscle tone. It did not disturb the occurrence of migrating complexes nor that of the openings of the cecocolic sphincter. These kappa compounds may be drugs of choice to alleviate visceral pain in colic stases without inducing delay of transit unlike mu compounds.     

频域心电图对冠心病诊断价值的初步探讨

对５０例冠心病和５０例随机做平板运动试验（ＴＥＴ）者作频域心电图（ＦＣＧ）对比分析探讨ＦＣＧ对冠心病的诊断价值。结果表明：单纯根据ＦＣＧ异常诊断冠心病有较高假阳性（６５．２２％）。如将ＦＣＧ的阳性指标作综合判断，虽然敏感性降低（８８．００％降至７０．００％）。假阳性都明显降低（６５．２２％降至２６．００％）。认为ＴＥＴ的特异性较ＦＣＧ高。若两者均为阴性，则冠心病可能性很小。     

陕西森工经营方向转变后的管理模式研究

陕西森工实施天然林保护工程之后 ,森工企业失去了企业的基本特征和条件。通过对企业现实特点、转产企业经验、资金来源、现行运作方式等进行分析 ,陕西森工经营方向转变后的管理模式为 :以原有企业为单位 ,整体划转为事业单位 ,在组织内部对有竞争力的经营项目 ,区别不同情况 ,统一或单独设立二级法人组织。     

竹缺爪螨实验种群生命表的研究

在25℃温度条件下，用黄金间碧竹（Bambusa vulgaris cv.vittata)叶饲养竹缺爪螨（Aponychus corpuzae Rimando)，应用生存分析理论和多维矩阵模型组建竹缺爪螨种群生命表，计算得种群主要参数为：内禀增长率rm＝0．0811，净增殖率R0＝5．8368，平均世代长度T＝21．7532d，周限增长率λ=1.0845/d；并分析了种群在不同年龄的生命状态，各发育期重叠情况以及稳定的年龄一阶段分布；最后讨论了应用这2种方法组建螨类生命表的优点。     

铁在苹果树器官中的定量研究

成龄苹果树整株分析结果表明 ,果实、叶片、枝干、根系的鲜重分别占整株鲜重的 42 .0 9%、6 .33%、38.81%、12 .77% ,以果实占鲜重的比例最大 ,单株鲜重为 2 0 7.90kg ;果实、叶片、枝干、根系的干重分别占整株干重的 19.5 1%、6 .45 %、5 7.30 %、16 .75 % ,以枝干占干重的比例最大 ,单株干重 84.37kg ,单株含水量 12 3.5 5kg。铁浓度以直径 <0 .5cm的根最高 ,达 2 5 7.5 1mg/kg ,其次为叶片 ,达 2 14.0 9mg/kg ,果实中铁浓度最低 ,为 18.2 7mg/kg;单株总铁含量 4915 .78mg,叶、果、根、枝干中铁含量分别为 116 4.6 5、30 0 .72、15 0 0 .30、1949.6 0mg ,分别占单株总铁量的2 3 .70 %、6 .12 %、30 .5 2 %和 39.6 6 %。     

柿饼贮藏工艺研究

对柿饼在贮藏过程中的防霉变、防褐变方法进行了研究，并试验了将制作半干食品的技术应用于柿饼贮藏工艺中的可行性。结果表明，柿饼的含水量、熏硫量、熏硫时间对柿饼霉变率有显著的影响，按推荐的熏硫工艺熏硫的柿饼贮藏3个月后，SO2的含量低于国家标准允许残留量100　mg／kg，贮藏期比未熏硫的柿饼平均延长4．5个月以上；避光、真空、低温、熏硫贮藏都可有效防止柿饼褐变，其中低温防褐变最为有效；柿饼经新工艺处理后，含水量由21％～27％（湿基计，以下同）提高至32％～37％，水分活度仍保持在0．75左右，传统风味基本保持不变而口感得到很好改善，贮藏期在9个月以上。     

杏种质资源评价及遗传育种研究进展

在简要介绍杏的起源、分布及种质资源收集保存的基础上，着重对杏品种资源的分类、授粉生物学、孢粉学及分子生物学评价以及杏杂种后代遗传变异特点、育种目标及育种技术进行了综述，并提出了今后的研究方向。