Analysis of DNA Methylation and mRNA Expression Level of MSTN Gene in Xinjiang Bashiby Sheep

In order to investigate DNA methylation and expression levels of myostatin (MSTN) gene in mscule and fat, 5 months of age of Bashiby sheep were selected, the promoter region and exon 1 methylation levels of MSTN gene was analyzed using bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP). Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression level of MSTN gene in biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle and tail fat of Bashiby sheep. The results showed that the methylation probability of muscle was higher than fat, the methylation probability of biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle and tail fat were 74.2%, 74.2%, 83.2%, 83.7%, 82.1% and 25.3%, respectively. The expression levels of MSTN gene in biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, longissimus dorsi muscle were significantly lower than tail fat in Bashiby sheep (P < 0.05), but there were no significant difference among biceps femoris, femoral triceps, semitendinosus, semimembranosus and longissimus dorsi muscle (P > 0.05).The DNA methylation was negatively correlated with the expression levels in muscle and fat of Bashiby sheep (r=-0.886, P < 0.05).     

Association Analysis Between Polymorphism of IGF1 Gene and Growth Traits in Rabbit

This study was aimed to analyze the association of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene polymorphisms with growth traits in rabbit. The technology of DNA pooling, PCR-SSCP and direct sequencing were used to detect the SNP of IGF1 gene. The results showed that T365C was detected in IGF1 gene exon 3 of rabbit. The SNP (C/T) was devised into three genotypes:TT, TC and CC. The relationships between genotypes and growth traits revealed that the birth weight and the weight at 28 days of age in New Zealand rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), the birth weight, the weight at 90 days of age and average daily gain form birth to 90 days of age in Belgian rabbit of TT genotype of T365C locus were significantly higher than TC and CC genotypes (P<0.05), there were no significant difference of the growth traits in other rabbit breeds (P>0.05).The consequence indicated that IGF1 gene was primarily deduced to be a potential major gene or linked to major gene effecting the growth traits of rabbit, and this SNP (T365C) might be a candidate molecular genetic markers to improve the growth traits of rabbit.     

发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对洛氏鱥生长、饲料利用及非特异性免疫指标的影响

【目的】研究发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对洛氏鱥生长发育的影响,为优化洛氏鱥饲料配方提供参考。【方法】以体质量(8.06±0.95)g/尾的洛氏鱥为研究对象,以鱼粉和发酵豆粕为蛋白源,糊精与面粉为糖源,玉米油、鱼油为脂肪源,纤维素为填充物,配制成5种等氮(粗蛋白含量为380.0g/kg)、等能(总能为15.20 MJ/kg)的半精制饲料,其中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例分别为0.0%(对照),16.5%,33.0%,49.5%和66.0%,将600尾洛氏鱥随机分成5组,分别用上述5种饲料进行为期8周的饲养试验。试验结束后采用国标方法测定其肌肉营养成分,并采用试剂盒测定洛氏鱥血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及溶菌酶(LZM)的活性。【结果】在本试验条件下,随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加,洛氏鱥的终末体质量、体质量增加率及特定生长率、蛋白质沉积率均呈下降趋势,当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时,洛氏鱥终末体质量、体质量增加率、特定生长率及蛋白质沉积率均显著低于对照组(P0.05);当发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为66.0%时,其饲料效率、蛋白质效率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。随着发酵豆粕替代鱼粉比例的增加,洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数呈下降趋势,其中49.5%和66.0%豆粕替代组洛氏鱥肌肉中的粗蛋白质量分数均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而各组洛氏鱥肌肉中的水分、粗脂肪和粗灰分差异均不显著(P0.05)。发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例为49.5%和66.0%时,洛氏鱥血清中的SOD和LZM活性显著低于对照组(P0.05),而AKP活性在各组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。【结论】在本试验条件下,洛氏鱥配合饲料中发酵豆粕替代鱼粉的比例不超过33.0%时,其对洛氏鱥生长、饲料利用及非特异免疫指标均无显著影响。     

干旱胁迫对春大豆开花期根系生理特性的影响

为明确大豆根系生理特性的变化与抗旱性的关系,在盆栽条件下,以3个抗旱性不同的大豆品种为材料,测定开花期根系相对含水率、根系活力、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性.结果表明:大豆根系相对含水率及根系活力随干旱胁迫程度增强而降低,抗旱品种降低程度小于不抗旱品种;根系丙二醛含量随干旱程度的增加而升高,各品种间无明显差异;抗旱品种超氧化物歧化酶活性随干旱程度的增加而升高,而不抗旱品种则表现为先升高后降低趋势;过氧化物酶活性各品种间随着干旱胁迫程度的加强均呈先升高后降低趋势,抗旱品种变化更为明显.干旱胁迫下大豆通过改变根系内部的生理变化以提高其抗旱性.     

灯盏花产黄酮内生真菌的筛选及其产黄酮能力的初步研究

通过黄酮类物质特异颜色反应和可见分光光度法,筛选产黄酮的灯盏花内生真菌,研究灯盏花产黄酮内生真菌在PDA和查氏培养基上的产黄酮能力。结果表明,28株灯盏花内生真菌中,7株菌的镁粉+浓盐酸、氯化铝、浓氨水3种颜色反应均呈阳性,能够产生黄酮。灯盏花产黄酮内生真菌的生长、菌丝体黄酮含量和产量在PDA培养基上均高于在查氏培养基上。7株灯盏花产黄酮内生真菌中,菌株ELF3-1和ERF3-1的生长较好,菌株ELF′3-1、ELF3-2和ERF3-1菌丝体黄酮含量较高,菌株ERF3-1菌丝体黄酮产量最高。     

Pb 胁迫对圆叶无心菜(Arenaria rotumdifolia Bieberstein)生长和生理特征的影响

通过室内水培圆叶无心菜幼苗,研究不同浓度Pb对圆叶无心菜生长、叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性的影响。结果表明,随着Pb处理浓度的增加,植物生长受到抑制,叶绿素含量呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性均呈上升的变化趋势。铅浓度为50 mg.L-1时,圆叶无心菜株高、根长以及生物量和叶绿素含量均比对照含量有所增加;铅浓度大于100 mg.L-1时,植株株高和根长的生长受到抑制,地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重均减少,叶绿素含量降低,丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性都显著增加。     

UV-B辐射增强对水稻稻瘟病菌(Magnaporthe grisea)生长和产孢的影响

采用人工紫外灯照射方法,研究了在UV-B辐射增强条件下和UV-B不同剂量作用下,水稻稻瘟病菌(Mag-naporthe grisea)菌丝的生长速率、菌落直径、菌落形态、菌丝形态及产孢量。结果表明,UV-B辐射增强可延缓稻瘟病菌的生长,导致菌丝生长速率和产孢量均显著下降(P<0.05)。同一UV-B辐射强度下,不同的辐射时间对稻瘟病菌菌丝生长速率和菌落直径的影响没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。在2.5和5.0 kJ.m-2强度下,不同的辐射剂量对病菌产孢量的影响有显著性差异(P<0.05)。在UV-B辐射增强条件下,病菌采取与植物类似的形态学变化来抵御UV-B辐射增强的伤害,经UV-B辐射处理后的病菌菌落颜色加深,菌丝分布更加致密。     

除草剂阿特拉津的生态风险与植物修复研究进展

除草剂阿特拉津的生态毒性及其对人类健康、农业生产及生态环境的影响受到广泛关注。针对阿特拉津的使用现状和在环境中的残留及其危害,综述了阿特拉津的性质、分布和危害,介绍了阿特拉津污染土壤的植物修复及应用方面的研究进展。     

WebGIS技术在测土配方施肥中的应用

介绍了WebGIS技术及其在农业中的应用,重点探讨了WebGIS技术在测土配方施肥中的应用前景,通过基于WebGIS的测土配方施肥系统,用户只需通过浏览器就可以方便直观地从网络地图中查询到作物施肥、土壤养分等技术信息,从而达到实现科学施肥、指导农业生产的目的。     

牡丹江市野生蚕资源分布与开发利用现状

牡丹江市森林资源丰富,森林覆盖率达到62.3%,气候温暖湿润,是黑龙江省森林环境和植物生长环境最好的地区之一,也是全省野蚕资源最丰富的地区之一,对现有的野生柞蚕、天蚕及栗蚕资源分布及利用现状进行分析,对开发利用这些珍贵的资源,为人类生活和健康服务具有重要意义。